Predicting Species Occurrences

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Predicting Species Occurrences

Author : J. Michael Scott,Patricia Heglund,Michael L. Morrison
Publisher : Island Press
Page : 940 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2002-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 1597263052

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Predicting Species Occurrences by J. Michael Scott,Patricia Heglund,Michael L. Morrison Pdf

Predictions about where different species are, where they are not, and how they move across a landscape or respond to human activities -- if timber is harvested, for instance, or stream flow altered -- are important aspects of the work of wildlife biologists, land managers, and the agencies and policymakers that govern natural resources. Despite the increased use and importance of model predictions, these predictions are seldom tested and have unknown levels of accuracy.Predicting Species Occurrences addresses those concerns, highlighting for managers and researchers the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches, as well as the magnitude of the research required to improve or test predictions of currently used models. The book is an outgrowth of an international symposium held in October 1999 that brought together scientists and researchers at the forefront of efforts to process information about species at different spatial and temporal scales. It is a comprehensive reference that offers an exhaustive treatment of the subject, with 65 chapters by leading experts from around the world that: review the history of the theory and practice of modeling and present a standard terminology examine temporal and spatial scales in terms of their influence on patterns and processes of species distribution offer detailed discussions of state-of-the-art modeling tools and descriptions of methods for assessing model accuracy discuss how to predict species presence and abundance present examples of how spatially explicit data on demographics can provide important information for managers An introductory chapter by Michael A. Huston examines the ecological context in which predictions of species occurrences are made, and a concluding chapter by John A. Wiens offers an insightful review and synthesis of the topics examined along with guidance for future directions and cautions regarding misuse of models. Other contributors include Michael P. Austin, Barry R. Noon, Alan H. Fielding, Michael Goodchild, Brian A. Maurer, John T. Rotenberry, Paul Angermeier, Pierre R. Vernier, and more than a hundred others.Predicting Species Occurrences offers important new information about many of the topics raised in the seminal volume Wildlife 2000 (University of Wisconsin Press, 1986) and will be the standard reference on this subject for years to come. Its state-of-the-art assessment will play a key role in guiding the continued development and application of tools for making accurate predictions and is an indispensable volume for anyone engaged in species management or conservation.

Mapping Species Distributions

Author : Janet Franklin
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 538 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-07
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781139485296

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Mapping Species Distributions by Janet Franklin Pdf

Maps of species' distributions or habitat suitability are required for many aspects of environmental research, resource management and conservation planning. These include biodiversity assessment, reserve design, habitat management and restoration, species and habitat conservation plans and predicting the effects of environmental change on species and ecosystems. The proliferation of methods and uncertainty regarding their effectiveness can be daunting to researchers, resource managers and conservation planners alike. Franklin summarises the methods used in species distribution modeling (also called niche modeling) and presents a framework for spatial prediction of species distributions based on the attributes (space, time, scale) of the data and questions being asked. The framework links theoretical ecological models of species distributions to spatial data on species and environment, and statistical models used for spatial prediction. Providing practical guidelines to students, researchers and practitioners in a broad range of environmental sciences including ecology, geography, conservation biology, and natural resources management.

Spatially Explicit Distribution Models for Predicting Species Occurrences [microform]

Author : Pilar Hernandez
Publisher : Library and Archives Canada = Bibliothèque et Archives Canada
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0494023228

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Spatially Explicit Distribution Models for Predicting Species Occurrences [microform] by Pilar Hernandez Pdf

Species distribution modeling is an essential tool for conservation planning. These models utilize the species-environment relationship to formulate a spatial depiction of its distribution pattern. Often these models are developed aspatially. That is they do not consider the spatial context of the species occurrence. Thereby, ignoring spatial components that contribute to the species distribution pattern such as species endogenous processes and the species dependence on its spatially structured physical environment. Species distribution modeling methods have been developed that explicitly account for these spatial processes. Spatially explicit modeling methods are reviewed and the importance of carefully considering interactions between the ecological, data and statistical components of the model is highlighted. A comparative evaluation of five spatially explicit methods and an aspatial method was performed to investigate their relative abilities to accurately predict three songbird occurrences. Results were mixed and dependent on characteristics of the species ecology and model data.

Joint Species Distribution Modelling

Author : Otso Ovaskainen,Nerea Abrego
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-11
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9781108492461

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Joint Species Distribution Modelling by Otso Ovaskainen,Nerea Abrego Pdf

A comprehensive account of joint species distribution modelling, covering statistical analyses in light of modern community ecology theory.

Predictive Species and Habitat Modeling in Landscape Ecology

Author : C. Ashton Drew,Yolanda F. Wiersma,Falk Huettmann
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 313 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2010-11-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781441973900

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Predictive Species and Habitat Modeling in Landscape Ecology by C. Ashton Drew,Yolanda F. Wiersma,Falk Huettmann Pdf

Most projects in Landscape Ecology, at some point, define a species-habitat association. These models are inherently spatial, dealing with landscapes and their configurations. Whether coding behavioral rules for dispersal of simulated organisms through simulated landscapes, or designing the sampling extent of field surveys and experiments in real landscapes, landscape ecologists must make assumptions about how organisms experience and utilize the landscape. These convenient working postulates allow modelers to project the model in time and space, yet rarely are they explicitly considered. The early years of landscape ecology necessarily focused on the evolution of effective data sources, metrics, and statistical approaches that could truly capture the spatial and temporal patterns and processes of interest. Now that these tools are well established, we reflect on the ecological theories that underpin the assumptions commonly made during species distribution modeling and mapping. This is crucial for applying models to questions of global sustainability. Due to the inherent use of GIS for much of this kind of research, and as several authors’ research involves the production of multicolored map figures, there would be an 8-page color insert. Additional color figures could be made available through a digital archive, or by cost contributions of the chapter authors. Where applicable, would be relevant chapters’ GIS data and model code available through a digital archive. The practice of data and code sharing is becoming standard in GIS studies, is an inherent method of this book, and will serve to add additional research value to the book for both academic and practitioner audiences.

Habitat Suitability and Distribution Models

Author : Antoine Guisan,Wilfried Thuiller,Niklaus E. Zimmermann
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521765138

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Habitat Suitability and Distribution Models by Antoine Guisan,Wilfried Thuiller,Niklaus E. Zimmermann Pdf

This book introduces the key stages of niche-based habitat suitability model building, evaluation and prediction required for understanding and predicting future patterns of species and biodiversity. Beginning with the main theory behind ecological niches and species distributions, the book proceeds through all major steps of model building, from conceptualization and model training to model evaluation and spatio-temporal predictions. Extensive examples using R support graduate students and researchers in quantifying ecological niches and predicting species distributions with their own data, and help to address key environmental and conservation problems. Reflecting this highly active field of research, the book incorporates the latest developments from informatics and statistics, as well as using data from remote sources such as satellite imagery. A website at www.unil.ch/hsdm contains the codes and supporting material required to run the examples and teach courses.

Mapping Species Distributions

Author : Janet Franklin,Jennifer Anne Miller
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521876353

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Mapping Species Distributions by Janet Franklin,Jennifer Anne Miller Pdf

A comprehensive summary of species distribution modeling methods integrating ecological and statistical models with spatial data, and a framework for implementation.

Invasive Species

Author : Andrew P. Robinson,Terry Walshe,Mark A. Burgman,Michael Nunn
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 427 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2017-06-08
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780521765961

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Invasive Species by Andrew P. Robinson,Terry Walshe,Mark A. Burgman,Michael Nunn Pdf

This book reviews the latest risk-based techniques to protect national interests from invasive pests and pathogens before, at and within national borders.

Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar

Author : R. Battistini,G. Richard-Vindard
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 769 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401571593

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Biogeography and Ecology in Madagascar by R. Battistini,G. Richard-Vindard Pdf

Frontiers of Biogeography

Author : Mark V. Lomolino,Lawrence R. Heaney
Publisher : Sinauer Associates Incorporated
Page : 436 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2004-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 0878934782

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Frontiers of Biogeography by Mark V. Lomolino,Lawrence R. Heaney Pdf

Developed & published in association with the International Biogeography Society, this book concentrates on advances in historical biogeography, island biogeography & marine biogeography during the past quarter of a century.

Bioeconomics of Invasive Species

Author : Reuben P. Keller,David M. Lodge,Mark A. Lewis,Jason F. Shogren
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-22
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0199709831

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Bioeconomics of Invasive Species by Reuben P. Keller,David M. Lodge,Mark A. Lewis,Jason F. Shogren Pdf

Biological invasions are one of the strongest drivers of global environmental change, and invasive species are now often in the public discourse. At the same time, economists have begun to take a real interest in determining how invasive species interact with economic systems, and how invaders should be controlled to optimize societal wealth. Although the work from ecologists and economists have both greatly expanded our understanding of the drivers and impacts of invasions, little integration between the fields has occurred that would allow managers and policy-makers to identify the optical expenditures on, for example, prevention and control of invasive species. Because the level of effort expended on invasive species management is intricately linked to the costs and projected benefits of that management, there is an urgent need for greater synthesis between ecology and economics. This book brings ecology and economics together in new ways to address how we deal with the dynamics and impacts of invasive species, and is the outcome fo many years of collaborative research between a small group of economists and ecologists. The outcome is clear demonstration of the utility of combining ecological and economic models for addressing critical questions in the management of invasive species.

Assessing Risks to Endangered and Threatened Species from Pesticides

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Ecological Risk Assessment Under FIFRA and ESA
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2013-07-20
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780309285834

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Assessing Risks to Endangered and Threatened Species from Pesticides by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Environmental Studies and Toxicology,Committee on Ecological Risk Assessment Under FIFRA and ESA Pdf

The US Fish and Wildlife Service (FWS) and the National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS) are responsible for protecting species that are listed as endangered or threatened under the Endangered Species Act (ESA) and for protecting habitats that are critical for their survival. The US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is responsible for registering or reregistering pesticides under the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and must ensure that pesticide use does not cause any unreasonable adverse effects on the environment, which is interpreted to include listed species and their critical habitats. The agencies have developed their own approaches to evaluating environmental risk, and their approaches differ because their legal mandates, responsibilities, institutional cultures, and expertise differ. Over the years, the agencies have tried to resolve their differences but have been unsuccessful in reaching a consensus regarding their assessment approaches. As a result, FWS, NMFS, EPA, and the US Department of Agriculture asked the National Research Council (NRC) to examine scientific and technical issues related to determining risks posed to listed species by pesticides. Specifically, the NRC was asked to evaluate methods for identifying the best scientific data available; to evaluate approaches for developing modeling assumptions; to identify authoritative geospatial information that might be used in risk assessments; to review approaches for characterizing sublethal, indirect, and cumulative effects; to assess the scientific information available for estimating effects of mixtures and inert ingredients; and to consider the use of uncertainty factors to account for gaps in data. Assessing Risks to Endangered and Threatened Species from Pesticides, which was prepared by the NRC Committee on Ecological Risk Assessment under FIFRA and ESA, is the response to that request.

Handbook of Environmental and Ecological Statistics

Author : Alan E. Gelfand,Montserrat Fuentes,Jennifer A. Hoeting,Richard Lyttleton Smith
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 679 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-01-15
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781351648547

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Handbook of Environmental and Ecological Statistics by Alan E. Gelfand,Montserrat Fuentes,Jennifer A. Hoeting,Richard Lyttleton Smith Pdf

This handbook focuses on the enormous literature applying statistical methodology and modelling to environmental and ecological processes. The 21st century statistics community has become increasingly interdisciplinary, bringing a large collection of modern tools to all areas of application in environmental processes. In addition, the environmental community has substantially increased its scope of data collection including observational data, satellite-derived data, and computer model output. The resultant impact in this latter community has been substantial; no longer are simple regression and analysis of variance methods adequate. The contribution of this handbook is to assemble a state-of-the-art view of this interface. Features: An internationally regarded editorial team. A distinguished collection of contributors. A thoroughly contemporary treatment of a substantial interdisciplinary interface. Written to engage both statisticians as well as quantitative environmental researchers. 34 chapters covering methodology, ecological processes, environmental exposure, and statistical methods in climate science.