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Author : William Albert Roberts
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Humanities, Social Sciences & World Languages
Page : 484 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UCSD:31822026359471
This textbook aims to present a systematic, up-to-date review of current research in the area of animal psychology.
Author : Mary C. Olmstead
Publisher : Nova Science Publishers
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Cognition in animals
ISBN : 1634853636
The study of animal cognition has undergone enormous growth in the last two decades. In the early part of the 20th century, the work was conducted primarily by psychologists who studied animal behavior in the laboratory as a model of human cognition. By the middle of the century, ethological studies of animal behavior in the natural environment revealed an amazing array of cognitive abilities in different species, worthy of study in their own right. In many cases, scientists in these two disciplines were investigating the same process (e.g., learning, navigation, communication) from very different perspectives. Psychologists tended to focus on developmental or mechanistic explanations, whereas ethologists and behavioral ecologists emphasised adaptive or functional ones. Eventually, it became clear that the two fields are complementary with a full description of any cognitive process, depending on both proximate and ultimate explanations. This text builds on the tradition of combining data from laboratory and field studies of animal behavior as a means of understanding the evolution and function of cognition. In keeping with contemporary terminology, cognition refers to a wide range of processes from modification of simple reflexes to abstract concept learning to social interactions to the expression of emotions, such as guilt. These are examined throughout the text in animal groups ranging from insects to great apes. A general theme across chapters is that the evolution of behavioral patterns is adaptive, thereby reflected in underlying neural structures. Many of the authors go on to examine the adaptive significance of a behavior in relation to a species ecological history in order to develop theories of cognitive evolution. These issues are becoming increasingly important in a world with rapidly changing environments to which all animals, including humans, must adjust. A primary goal of this volume is to introduce the exciting field of animal cognition to a new group of young scientists. The editor also hopes to encourage experienced researchers to expand their ideas of what constitutes animal cognition and how it can be studied in the future. From the editors own reading, one area of potential growth is the development of more formal models of cognition to guide quantitative predictions of behavior. Although no chapter focuses exclusively on humans, readers should have no difficulty extrapolating research findings and theories from other species to those of our own. Differences are clearly based on degree, not kind.
Author : John M. Pearce
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0863774334
This is a revision of An Introduction to Animal Cognition. The book reviews the main principles and experimental findings that have emerged from a century of research into animal intelligence. The book opens with an account of the various methods that have been used to study the intelligence of animals. The next four chapters then examine the contribution made by learning processes to intelligent behaviour. Topics covered include Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning, discrimination learning, categorisation, and an introduction to connectionist theories of learning. The second half of the book is concerned with animal cognition. There is a chapter on the representation of time, number and serial order. Additional chapters are devoted to memory, navigation, social learning, and language and communication. Issues raised throughout the book are reviewed in a concluding chapter that examines the way in which intelligence is distributed throughout the animal kingdom.
Author : Russell P. Balda,Irene M. Pepperberg,A. C. Kamil
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1998-09-09
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780080527239
In this book, the editors bring together results from studies on all kinds of animals to show how thinking on many behaviors as truly cognitive processes can help us to understand the biology involved. Taking ideas and observations from the while range of research into animal behavior leads to unexpected and stimulating ideas. A space is created where the work of field ecologists, evolutionary ecologists and experimental psychologists can interact and contribute to a greater understanding of complex animal behavior, and to the development of a new and coherent field of study.
Author : Erin Colbert-White, PhD,Allison Kaufman, PhD
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-09
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780826162359
This concise overview provides a scientific yet highly accessible introduction to the science of animal cognition. Written for undergraduate college courses as well as any interested reader, it encompasses the history of animal cognition studies, essential theories and methodology, and the latest findings and controversies in animal consciousness and communication. The book challenges myths and preconceived notions about animal cognition by explaining the scientific theories, the perils of anthropomorphism, and the value of knowing a species’ natural history before making assumptions or drawing conclusions. Each chapter includes an Animal Spotlight and a Human Application section. The Animal Spotlight highlights individual animals—the “rock stars” of animal cognition—that have made significant contributions to the field. Reminding us that we too are animals, the Human Application sections connect topics in animal cognition to human behavior and cognition. Additionally, the book provides ideas for readers to conduct their own investigations into animal cognition. Key Features Provides a scientific yet accessible introduction to animal cognition studies Examines the development of the field, its theories and methods, and the latest findings and controversies Addresses animal consciousness, communication, social cognition, and cognitive flexibility Highlights individual animals that have made significant contributions to the field Connects topics in animal cognition to human behavior and cognition Provides ideas for readers to conduct their own investigations into animal cognition
Author : Norman Raymond Frederick Maier,Theodore Christian Schneirla
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 716 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 1964
Category : Psychology
ISBN : UOM:39015004383611
"For nearly thirty years, 'Principles of Animal Psychology' has been considered the definitive treatment of the development of animal behavior and the comparative psychology of all animals- from the most primitive life forms to the higher mammals. Long indispensable to students, teachers, and researchers in comparative psychology, this is the most comprehensive systematic text in the field. Its readable style and clear exposition afford profitable reading for both scientists and layman. This republication represents a significant addition to the literature as five important subsequent papers by the authors are included to indicate their present thinking in the area. This work is exceptional in that it covers just about the entire range of animal life (also, some plants) in contrast to most other texts, which deal only with mammals. Part I is a survey of the major types of inframammalian animals, analyzing and comparing the behavior and characteristics types in relation to their structural equipment, and tracing the development of complexity in adaptation, from simple multicellular animals through echinoderms, worms, mollusks, insects, fish, amphibians, reptiles, and birds. Employing this evolutionary approach, the authors set out to determine the 'psychological standing' of each animal form, with the object of discerning what principle are fundamental to animal adjustment. In Part II and III, the principles arrived at in Part I are developed further, and additional principles are discussed. At the same time, the authors examine the major problems and experimental conclusions relating to the behavior of mammals. Throughout the book is found a large amount of information on methodology, animal structure, and historical developments. The supplement includes recent contributions by the authors (1942-1961) on such issues as instinctive behavior, mechanisms in conditioning, frustration theory, selector-integrator mechanisms, and biphasic processes underlying approach and withdrawal. Interest in this area has greatly broadened in recent years, and this enlarged edition offers an unmatched guide to the older literature as well as contemporary views. It furnishes an inexhaustible source of experimental data and material otherwise difficult to obtain. This work will be invaluable to others interested in a field which serves to provide a body of theory and experimental results upon which human psychology is greatly dependent. "- Publisher.
Author : C. Lloyd Morgan
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2022-09-15
Category : Fiction
ISBN : EAN:8596547362753
DigiCat Publishing presents to you this special edition of "Animal Behaviour" by C. Lloyd Morgan. DigiCat Publishing considers every written word to be a legacy of humankind. Every DigiCat book has been carefully reproduced for republishing in a new modern format. The books are available in print, as well as ebooks. DigiCat hopes you will treat this work with the acknowledgment and passion it deserves as a classic of world literature.
Author : Michael Domjan,Barbara Burkhard
Publisher : Thomson Brooks/Cole
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Education
ISBN : STANFORD:36105040160553
This popular text gives students a comprehensive and readable introduction to contemporary issues in learning and behaviour, while providing balanced coverage of classical and instrumental conditioning.
Author : Nicky Hayes
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 257 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781317758754
This textbook covers aspects of animal behaviour featured in both A-Level Psychology and Social Biology courses. It includes accounts and discussions of imprinting, maternal behaviour, courtship and territoriality, social organization, and animal communication. Throughout the book the principle of behavioural diversity is built upon to show the complexities of animal behaviour and its relationship with the social and physical environment. The issues and perspectives arising from evolutionary theory are explored, and the need to utilize multiple levels of analysis in the understanding of animal and human behaviour is emphasized.
Author : Nereida Bueno-Guerra,Federica Amici
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781108420327
Leading researchers present current methodological approaches and future directions for a less anthropocentric study of animal cognition.
Author : Clive D.L. Wynne,Monique A. R. Udell
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 393 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2020-11-27
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781137611284
Thoroughly updated for its third edition with the latest research in the field, this innovative text delivers an apt and comprehensive introduction to the rich and complex world of animal behaviour and cognition. Discover pivotal case studies and experiments that have irrevocably shaped how we view the psychological and social lives of animals and discover such key cognitive topics as memory, communication and sensory perception. Projecting an insightful scope into the cognitive world of animals, from considering the use of tools in birds to the dance communication system of the honey bee, Wynne and Udell analyse and explain the importance of the observations and studies that have led to the greater understanding of how animals learn, perceive social relations, form concepts, experience time and navigate space. Written by two leading researchers in the field, including the author of the best-selling popular science book Dog is Love, this textbook is a complete resource for students of animal cognition, animal behaviour or comparative psychology.
Author : Kristin Andrews
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2014-10-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317676768
The study of animal cognition raises profound questions about the minds of animals and philosophy of mind itself. Aristotle argued that humans are the only animal to laugh, but in recent experiments rats have also been shown to laugh. In other experiments, dogs have been shown to respond appropriately to over two hundred words in human language. In this introduction to the philosophy of animal minds Kristin Andrews introduces and assesses the essential topics, problems and debates as they cut across animal cognition and philosophy of mind. She addresses the following key topics: what is cognition, and what is it to have a mind? What questions should we ask to determine whether behaviour has a cognitive basis? the science of animal minds explained: ethology, behaviourist psychology, and cognitive ethology rationality in animals animal consciousness: what does research into pain and the emotions reveal? What can empirical evidence about animal behaviour tell us about philosophical theories of consciousness? does animal cognition involve belief and concepts; do animals have a ‘Language of Thought’? animal communication other minds: do animals attribute ‘mindedness’ to other creatures? moral reasoning and ethical behaviour in animals animal cognition and memory. Extensive use of empirical examples and case studies is made throughout the book. These include Cheney and Seyfarth’s ververt monkey research, Thorndike’s cat puzzle boxes, Jensen’s research into humans and chimpanzees and the ultimatum game, Pankseep and Burgdorf’s research on rat laughter, and Clayton and Emery’s research on memory in scrub-jays. Additional features such as chapter summaries, annotated further reading and a glossary make this an indispensable introduction to those teaching philosophy of mind, animal cognition. It will also be an excellent resource for those in fields such as ethology, biology and psychology.
Author : Kristin Andrews
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2020-06-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781108574983
Comparative psychology, the multidisciplinary study of animal behavior and psychology, confronts the challenge of how to study animals we find cute and easy to anthropomorphize, and animals we find odd and easy to objectify, without letting these biases negatively impact the science. In this Element, Kristin Andrews identifies and critically examines the principles of comparative psychology and shows how they can introduce other biases by objectifying animal subjects and encouraging scientists to remain detached. Andrews outlines the scientific benefits of treating animals as sentient research participants who come from their own social contexts and with whom we will be in relationship. With discussions of science's quest for objectivity, worries about romantic and killjoy theories, and debates about chimpanzee cognition between primatologists who work in the field and those in the lab, Andrews shows how scientists can address the different biases through greater integration of the subdisciplines of comparative psychology.
Author : C. Lloyd Morgan
Publisher : DigiCat
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2022-06-03
Category : Psychology
ISBN : EAN:8596547035473
Animal Life and Intelligence is an interesting volume that is almost equally divided between the two topics, as suggested by its title. In the earlier chapters, there are outstanding accounts of the essence of animal life and its connection to the environment; of the cycles of life; of reproduction and development; of variation and natural selection; of heredity and the origin of variations; and of organic evolution. The chapters thereafter deal with the senses and sense organs of animals; the nature of cognitive functions in man, serving as a ground for our judgment as to the nature and amount of animal intelligence; the mental operations of animals are afterward thoroughly and carefully discussed in three very suggestive chapters, and the final and very metaphysical chapter is on mental development. Conwy Lloyd Morgan (1852 – 1936) was a British ethologist and psychologist. He is remembered for his theory of emergent evolution and for the experimental approach to animal psychology, now known as Morgan's Canon, a principle that played a major role in behaviorism. In this work, he has discussed interesting subjects with a fullness of knowledge and judicial impartiality worthy of all praise.
Author : Randolf Menzel,Julia Fischer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2024-03-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780262551496
Experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology assess the field of animal cognition. Do animals have cognitive maps? Do they possess knowledge? Do they plan for the future? Do they understand that others have mental lives of their own? This volume provides a state-of-the-art assessment of animal cognition, with experts from psychology, neuroscience, philosophy, ecology, and evolutionary biology addressing these questions in an integrative fashion. It summarizes the latest research, identifies areas where consensus has been reached, and takes on current controversies. Over the last thirty years, the field has shifted from the collection of anecdotes and the pursuit of the subjective experience of animals to a rigorous, hypothesis-driven experimental approach. Taking a skeptical stance, this volume stresses the notion that in many cases relatively simple rules may account for rather complex and flexible behaviors. The book critically evaluates current concepts and puts a strong focus on the psychological mechanisms that underpin animal behavior. It offers comparative analyses that reveal common principles as well as adaptations that evolved in particular species in response to specific selective pressures. It assesses experimental approaches to the study of animal navigation, decision making, social cognition, and communication and suggests directions for future research. The book promotes a research program that seeks to understand animals' cognitive abilities and behavioral routines as individuals and as members of social groups.
