Pro Poor Land Reform

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : University of Ottawa Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2007-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780776617718

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Pro-poor Land Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research.

Author : Michael Lipton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-06-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134863143

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Land Reform in Developing Countries by Michael Lipton Pdf

Land reforms are laws that are intended, and likely, to cut poverty by raising the poor’s share of land rights. That raises questions about property rights as old as moral philosophy, and issues of efficiency and fairness that dominate policy from Bolivia to Nepal. Classic reforms directly transfer land from rich to poor. However, much else has been marketed as land reform: the restriction of tenancy, but also its de-restriction; collectivisation, but also de-collectivisation; land consolidation, but also land division. In 1955-2000, genuine land reform affected over a billion people, and almost as many hectares. Is land reform still alive, for example in Bolivia, South Africa and Nepal? Or is it dead and, if so, is this because it has succeeded, or because it has failed? There has been massive research on land reform and this book builds on some surprising findings. Small farms’ share in land is rising in most of Asia and Africa. This is not driven (as widely claimed) by growth in rural population or farm productivity, but by the relative efficiency of small farms, and in some cases by land reform. Whether land reform helps the poor depends not only on land transfers, but at least as much on its effects through employment, non-farm activity, GDP growth and distribution, as well as the village status and power of the poor. Avoidance, evasion and even distortion of land reform laws sometimes advance their main aims. Liberalisation and its accompaniments (such as supermarkets) can be powerful friends or fatal foes of small farms and land reform. This book will be of great interest to students, researchers and consultants working on agriculture, farm organisation, rural development and poverty reduction, with special emphasis on developing countries.

Author : Lorenzo Cotula,Camilla Toulmin,Julian Quan
Publisher : IIED
Page : 53 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2006
Category : Land reform
ISBN : 9781843696322

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Better Land Access for the Rural Poor by Lorenzo Cotula,Camilla Toulmin,Julian Quan Pdf

Author : Mihai Varga
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2023-02-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781503634183

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Poverty as Subsistence by Mihai Varga Pdf

Poverty as Subsistence explores the "propertizing" land reform policy that the World Bank advocated throughout the transitioning countries of Eurasia, expecting poverty reduction to result from distributing property titles over agricultural land to local (rural) populations. China's early 1980s land reform offered support for this expectation, but while the spread of propertizing reform to post-communist Eurasia created numerous "subsistence" smallholders, it failed to stimulate entrepreneurship or market-based production among the rural poor. Varga argues that the World Bank advocated a simplified version of China's land reform that ignored a key element of successful reforms: the smallholders' immediate environment, the structure of actors and institutions determining whether smallholders survive and grow in their communities. With concrete insights from analysis of the land reform program throughout post-communist Eurasia and multisited fieldwork in Romania and Ukraine, this book details how and why land reform led to subsistence and the mechanisms underpinning informal commercialization.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317990956

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Market-Led Agrarian Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff Pdf

Three-fourths of the world’s poor are rural poor. Most of the rural poor remain dependent on land-based livelihoods for their incomes and reproduction despite significant livelihood diversification in recent years. Land issue remains critical to any development discourse today. Market-led agrarian reform (MLAR) has gained prominence since the early 1990s as an alternative to state-led land reforms. This neoliberal policy is based on the inversion of what its proponents see as the features of earlier approaches, and calls for redistribution via privatized, decentralized transactions between ‘willing sellers’ and ‘willing buyers’. Its proponents, especially those associated with the World Bank, have claimed success where the policy has been implemented, but such claims have been contested by independent scholars as well as by peasant movements who are struggling to gain access to land. This book presents three thematic papers and six country studies. The thematic papers address issues of formalisation of property rights, gendered land rights, and neoliberal enclosure. These studies demonstrate the pervasive influence of neoliberal ideas on property rights and rural development debates, well beyond the ‘core’ question of land redistribution. The country cases bring together experiences from Brazil, Guatemala, El Salvador, Philippines, South Africa and Egypt. Common findings include the success of landowners in minimising the impact of reform, and a lack of post-transfer support, translating into marginal impact on poverty. The limitations of the market-led approach, and the implications of the studies presented here for the future of agrarian reform, are considered in the editors’ introduction. This book was a special issue of The Third World Quarterly.

Author : M. Riad El-Ghonemy
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2007-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781136754463

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The Crisis of Rural Poverty and Hunger by M. Riad El-Ghonemy Pdf

M. Riad El-Ghonemy argues that if current trends in government-led and market based land reforms persist the rural poor population in developing countries will continue to rise.Based on nearly half a century of academic and field research this valuable work presents compelling evidence on persistent rural poverty, hunger and increased inequality in

Author : A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2007-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134121915

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Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization by A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay Pdf

Here internationally renowned scholars explore the structural causes of rural poverty, income inequality and the processes of social exclusion and political subordination across Africa, Asia and Latin America.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : Ateneo University Press
Page : 41 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Agrarian reform
ISBN : 9789715505581

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Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: International perspective by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

After two decades of implementation, the Comprehensive Agrarian Program continues to be the object of political controversy in the Philippines. Volume 1: Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: International Perspective aims to broaden the discussion by focusing on international political, policy and theoretical debates, as well as on some empirical cases from different countries that are relevant to the study of agrarian issues in the Philippines. Volume 2: Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: Philippine Perspective aims to deepen the discussion by focusing on the Philippine agrarian reform experience, but drawing lessons that are relevant to theory-building and to policy discourse and political actions in situations elsewhere. The overarching theme of the twin books is "critical thinking": conventional assumptions are interrogated, popular propositions critically examined, and new ways of questioning proposed.

Author : Yongjun Zhao
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2016-05-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781317167259

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China's Disappearing Countryside by Yongjun Zhao Pdf

While China’s hybrid rural land tenure system has contributed to agricultural development, it is interwoven with rising farmland loss and social conflicts.This book examines the linkages between land tenure, development and governance in the context of China’s development transformation. Drawing on empirical studies, it advocates the exploration of innovative land tenure systems that address the wider determinants: institutions, power, politics and social development. It argues that a land tenure system can only be sustainable when it is compatible with the overall biophysical, social, political and economic conditions. This new institutional lens into the conditions and dynamics of land tenure systems marks a paradigm shift away from those focusing on the narrow meaning of land rights and tenure security strengthening, as these approaches can paradoxically contribute to weaker land and resource governance. Contributing to an enhanced understanding of the challenges China faces in agricultural development and natural resource governance and to the international debates on land tenure reform, this book will be of interest to researchers, practitioners, policy-makers and students in development studies, anthropology, sociology, political sciences, law, geography, economics, public administration and other relevant disciplines. The lessons learnt from China also shed light on its global engagement on sustainable development and governance issues.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : Ateneo University Press
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9789715505598

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Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: Philippine perspective by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

After two decades of implementation, the Comprehensive Agrarian Program continues to be the object of political controversy in the Philippines. Volume 1: Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: International Perspective aims to broaden the discussion by focusing on international political, policy and theoretical debates, as well as on some empirical cases from different countries that are relevant to the study of agrarian issues in the Philippines. Volume 2: Competing Views and Strategies on Agrarian Reform: Philippine Perspective aims to deepen the discussion by focusing on the Philippine agrarian reform experience, but drawing lessons that are relevant to theory-building and to policy discourse and political actions in situations elsewhere. The overarching theme of the twin books is "critical thinking": conventional assumptions are interrogated, popular propositions critically examined, and new ways of questioning proposed.

Author : Frank F. K. Byamugisha
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2014-05-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781464801891

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Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa by Frank F. K. Byamugisha Pdf

Agricultural Land Redistribution and Land Administration in Sub-Saharan Africa: Case Studies of Recent Reforms focuses on “how” to undertake land reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa, but with relevant lessons for other developing countries. It provides details, with case studies, on how reforms were undertaken to address a pressing and controversial development challenge in Africa – land ownership inequality – and an intransigent development issue – inefficiency and corruption in land administration. An equally important contribution of the book is assessing reforms and highlighting valuable lessons for other countries contemplating reforms. The six case studies collectively cover two main areas of land governance: reforms in redistributing agricultural land and reforms in land administration. The first two case studies discuss reforms in redistributing agricultural land in Malawi and South Africa, part of the southern Africa region where land ownership inequalities rival those in Latin America. The remaining case studies, four in number, are focused on addressing corruption and inefficiency in land administration in a variety of contexts of governance including stable and post-conflict countries. The case studies cover: • Decentralizing land administration with demonstrations from Uganda, Ethiopia, Tanzania, and Ghana; • Developing post-conflict land administration systems with examples from Liberia and Rwanda; • Re-engineering and computerizing land information systems with examples from Ghana and Uganda; and • Improving management of government land through land inventories with examples drawn from Ghana and Uganda. The common elements between sometimes disparate experiences provide lessons of relevance to African and other developing countries contemplating similar reforms. The rigorous analysis and yet down-to-earth lessons of experience are a reflection of the authors’ deep global experience underpinned by personal participation in the reforms covered by the book. This volume will be of interest to a wide audience including land specialists and practitioners, African policy makers, experts and managers in the international development community, and the academia.

Author : Admos O. Chimhowu
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1376376458

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Tinkering on the Fringes? Redistributive Land Reforms and Chronic Poverty in Southern Africa by Admos O. Chimhowu Pdf

Land redistribution is often seen as a powerful tool in the fight against poverty in areas where a majority of people are rural-based and make a living mostly, if not entirely, off the land. In Southern Africa, landlessness due to the asset alienation that occurred during colonial occupation has been acknowledged as one of several ultimate causes of chronic poverty. Strategies for poverty reduction therefore tend to focus on addressing the resultant imbalance in access to, and ownership of land resources. Land redistribution is thought to offer poor people secure livelihoods, as well as impartible assets to bequeath to future generations, hence reducing inter-generational transfers of poverty. In addition to redistribution, tenure reform is thought to help some landed but vulnerable households secure their livelihoods through enhanced rights to land. This has been known to spur poor households to increase investment on land, and lead to better production and higher productivity. This paper looks at land reforms in Southern Africa, making five key observations with respect to land reforms and poverty in the region: First, although there is political appetite for deracialising land holding, there is little evidence to show a commitment to link this process to poverty reduction. In all three countries under investigation - Namibia, South Africa and Zimbabwe - policy rhetoric on land as a poverty-reducing asset often has not been followed through with a serious commitment of resources, either for enhancing access to land or for supporting those that have been 'assetted'. Second, as currently designed, land reform efforts extend poverty 'traps' in the space economy rather than creating new opportunities. The quality of land provided and the terms of access both compromise the ability of beneficiaries to make a living as envisaged in plans. Third, in all three countries there has been policy capture of land reform initiatives by non-poor political and bureaucratic elite at the expense of the poor. Fourth, in all three countries, there has been reluctance to meaningfully reform customary forms of tenure seen as safeguarding the interests of the poor, yet at the same time there is growing evidence of commoditisation of land under such customary tenure that may not always work for poor households. Fifth, there is paucity of good quality data at country level for the systematic monitoring of the impact of land reforms. Monitoring and evaluation systems emerge as afterthoughts. The paper concludes that although some poor people have had their lives transformed by access to more land in the short term, there is no systematic linkage between the programmes for land reform in the region and poverty reduction. As a follow up, the paper calls for systematic research that can produce good quality qualitative and quantitative data on the impact of land reforms on the livelihoods of the beneficiaries (vulnerable non-poor, poor and chronically poor) especially in Type-1 (redistribution) and Type-2 (tenure) reform countries.

Author : Hans P. Binswanger-Mkhize,Camille Bourguignon,Rogerius Johannes Eugenius van den Brink
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2009-01-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780821379622

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Agricultural Land Redistribution by Hans P. Binswanger-Mkhize,Camille Bourguignon,Rogerius Johannes Eugenius van den Brink Pdf

Despite 250 years of land reform all over the World, important land inequalities remain, especially in Latin America and Southern Africa.While in these countries, there is near consensus on the need for redistribution, much controversy persists around how to redistribute land peacefully and legally, often blocking progress on implementation.This book focuses on the "how" of land redistribution in order to forge greater consensus among land reform practitioners and enable them to make better choices on the mechanisms of land reform. Reviews and case studies describe and analyze the al.

Author : Ronald J. Herring
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Agriculture and state
ISBN : UOM:39015050500167

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Political Conditions for Agrarian Reform and Poverty Alleviation by Ronald J. Herring Pdf

Argues that the traditional conceptualization of agrarian reform is too limiting and suggests ways in which the economic and political focus of such reforms may be broadened. Highlights the importance of reforms in the redistribution of property as a means of reducing poverty in rural societies.

Author : Doreen Warriner
Publisher : Oxford : Clarendon P
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Political Science
ISBN : STANFORD:36105033757449

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Land Reform in Principle and Practice by Doreen Warriner Pdf

Monograph on agrarian reform - comprises 2 parts, (1) covering definition and theoretical aspects of land reform, economic implications and social implications thereof, etc., and (2) consisting of case studies of such reform in Iraq, Iran, Islamic Republic, India, Latin America (with particular reference to Mexico, Bolivia, Cuba, Brazil, Chile and Venezuela), Denmark, Italy, Egypt and Yugoslavia, and includes comment on relevant legislation in each of the countries studied.