Land Poverty And Livelihoods In An Era Of Globalization

Author : A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2007-01-24
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134121915

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Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization by A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay Pdf

A host of internationally eminent scholars are brought together here to explore the structural causes of rural poverty and income inequality, as well as the processes of social exclusion and political subordination encountered by the peasantry and rural workers across a wide range of countries. This volume examines the intersection of politics and economics and provides a critical analysis and framework for the study of neo-liberal land policies in the current phase of globalization. Utilizing new empirical evidence from ten countries, it provides an in-depth analysis of key country studies, a comparative analysis of agrarian reforms and their impact on rural poverty in Africa, Asia, Latin America and transition countries. Presenting an agrarian reform policy embedded in an appropriate development strategy, which is able to significantly reduce and hopefully eliminate rural poverty, this work is a key resource for postgraduate students studying in the areas of development economics, development studies and international political economy.

Author : Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Cristóbal Kay
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:851327842

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Land, Poverty and Livelihoods in an Era of Globalization by Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Cristóbal Kay Pdf

Author : A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Cristóbal Kay
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-08-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134064649

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Peasants and Globalization by A. Haroon Akram-Lodhi,Cristóbal Kay Pdf

In 2007, for the first time in human history, a majority of the world’s population lived in cities. However, on a global scale, poverty overwhelmingly retains a rural face. This book assembles an unparalleled group of internationally-eminent scholars in the field of rural development and social change in order to explore historical and contemporary processes of agrarian change and transformation and their consequent impact upon the livelihoods, poverty and well-being of those who live in the countryside. The book provides a critical analysis of the extent to which rural development trajectories have in the past and are now promoting a change in rural production processes, the accumulation of rural resources, and shifts in rural politics, and the implications of such trajectories for peasant livelihoods and rural workers in an era of globalization. Peasants and Globalization thus explores continuity and change in the debate on the ‘agrarian question’, from its early formulation in the late 19th century to the continuing relevance it has in our times, including chapters from Terence Byres, Amiya Bagchi, Ellen Wood, Farshad Araghi, Henry Bernstein, Saturnino M Borras, Ray Kiely, Michael Watts and Philip McMichael. Collectively, the contributors argue that neoliberal social and economic policies have, in deepening the market imperative governing the contemporary world food system, not only failed to tackle to underlying causes of rural poverty but have indeed deepened the agrarian crisis currently confronting the livelihoods of peasant farmers and rural workers. This crisis does not go unchallenged, as rural social movements have emerged, for the first time, on a transnational scale. Confronting development policies that are unable to reduce, let alone eliminate, rural poverty, transnational rural social movements are attempting to construct a more just future for the world’s farmers and rural workers.

Author : Kléber Bertrand Ghimire
Publisher : Social Dynamics of Rural Pover
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105111013384

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Land Reform and Peasant Livelihoods by Kléber Bertrand Ghimire Pdf

The book provides a timely contribution to the discussion on land reform; scrutinizing the inadequacy of the market-oriented approach to land reform which is linked to structural adjustment policies and advocate convincingly a flexible approach toward re-distributive reforms as the most appropriate strategy towards alleviating rural poverty.

Author : William D. Schanbacher
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 279 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2014-07-23
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9798216090359

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The Global Food System by William D. Schanbacher Pdf

This detailed analysis of the global food system looks at the way food is produced, distributed, and consumed in an effort to create a more equitable and healthful system worldwide. With large-scale famine afflicting regions around the globe and overconsumption and unhealthy eating habits destroying others, many are beginning to wonder if access to food is less of a class-based social problem and more of an ethical issue affecting the lives—and livelihoods—of people all over the world. This thoughtful text provides a thorough examination of the factors contributing to this global concern, exploring the complexities of international food supply and demand as well as the efforts to bring about a more just global food system. Through this groundbreaking volume, author and educator Will Schanbacher sheds light on flaws in the current structure and suggests ways to achieve a more balanced approach. He considers the economics, politics, and activism behind and involved in the production, distribution, and consumption of the global food system. In an effort to illuminate many problems associated with hunger, inequality, and injustice in the food system, the book also offers many potential strategies and solutions for making a more healthy, sustainable, and equitable world. Chapters contain both theoretical models and concrete practices for food security and offer strategies for creating an equitable system.

Author : Rob Vos,Malinka Koparanova
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2011-11-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781849665766

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Globalization and Economic Diversification by Rob Vos,Malinka Koparanova Pdf

This book is available as open access through the Bloomsbury Open Access programme and is available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. This volume brings together new contributions from renowned academic scholars, from experts on economies in transition and from the United Nations, the European Union, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development as well as other international agencies. It aims to answer fundamental questions and spell out policy options to address the challenges for economies in transition. The volume includes comparative studies focusing on all transition economies, including Central and Eastern Europe, as well as regions such as Western Balkans and the Commonwealth of Independent States.

Author : Emma Gilberthorpe,Gavin Hilson
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 269 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317089704

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Natural Resource Extraction and Indigenous Livelihoods by Emma Gilberthorpe,Gavin Hilson Pdf

This book provides an extended analysis of how resource extraction projects stimulate social, cultural and economic change in indigenous communities. Through a range of case studies, including open cast mining, artisanal mining, logging, deforestation, oil extraction and industrial fishing, the contributors explore the challenges highlighted in global debates on sustainability, Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), and climate change. The case studies are used to assess whether and how development processes might compete and conflict with the market objectives of multinational corporations and the organizational and moral principles of indigenous communities. Emphasizing the perspectives of directly-affected parties, the authors identify common patterns in the way in which extraction projects are conceptualized, implemented and perceived. The book provides a deeper understanding of the dynamics of the human environments where resource extraction takes place and its consequent impacts on local livelihoods. Its in-depth case studies underscore the need for increased social accountability in the planning and development of natural resource extraction projects.

Author : Paul Hebinck,Charlie Shackleton
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2010-11-23
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136886072

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Reforming Land and Resource Use in South Africa by Paul Hebinck,Charlie Shackleton Pdf

This book debates the emergent proprieties of rural and peri-urban South Africa since land and agrarian reforms were initiated after the transition to democracy in 1994. It explores how these reforms have broadened options for the use of land and natural resources. Reform-minded policies in South Africa have assumed that if access to land and other natural resources is less problematic, the use of these resources would be intensified which in turn would alter the structure and dynamic of rural and urban poverty. Reforming Land and Resource Use in South Africa examines in detail, and from several disciplinary perspectives, whether and how this has occurred, and if not, why not. A key argument that this collection pursues is whether land reform has resulted in transformed use of natural (i.e. land, crops, cattle, rangeland, wild products etc.) and other strategic resources (labour, knowledge, institutions, networks etc.), and the value communities and household place on them. The contributions explore a combination of new or alternative meanings of land, including a look beyond crops and cattle per se to include the collection and selling of wild products, as well as a discussion of how land for agriculture has become redefined by land reform beneficiaries as urban land, for settlement and urban employment opportunities, in addition to urban-based agricultural activities. Unlike most analyses and commentaries on land reform, this book pursues an analysis of land reform dynamics at various levels of aggregation. National and regional level analyses of poverty and the ramifications of the property clause are combined with analyses at disaggregate levels such as the land reform project or village. The book will be of interest to both researchers and policy makers with an interest in rural development and social change.

Author : Deborah Sick
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136029202

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Rural Livelihoods, Regional Economies, and Processes of Change by Deborah Sick Pdf

For centuries, new technologies and expanding networks of production and consumption have been changing the face of rural economies in significant ways. Millions of rural dwellers have found survival increasingly difficult and have fled to urban centres. Others have remained: some retrenching, struggling to just subsist, others attempting to innovatively redefine their place within ‘new’ rural economies. Over the past 30 years, rural economies have largely been ignored by policy makers, but recent growing concerns about food security, environmental degradation, climate change, continued rural poverty, and high rates of out-migration have sparked renewed interest in rural regions. Covering a range of geographical and socio-cultural contexts, the case studies in this book draw on actor-oriented in-depth field studies, which provide detailed, locally focused perspectives on the nature of rural livelihoods today. The collection highlights the ways in which rural livelihoods are being redefined, the multiple ways in which rural dwellers draw on distinct social, cultural and environmental resources to formulate their livelihood strategies, and the factors which facilitate or limit their abilities to do so. This volume will be of interest to development practitioners and policy makers, and scholars working in rural development and economic anthropology.

Author : Idil Ires
Publisher : transcript Verlag
Page : 345 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783839459522

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Brokering Development? by Idil Ires Pdf

Recent portrayals of the private sector as the engine of poverty alleviation in Africa's agricultural growth corridors have sparked critique by scholars and activists alike. Land acquisitions by investors are the most criticized, but the private sector engages in corridors in other ways, on which research remains scarce. Idil Ires provides a political economy analysis of whether smallholders prosper when they coordinate with input suppliers, banks, and crop buyers through markets and contract farming in the Southern Agricultural Growth Corridor of Tanzania. This book will appeal to scholars and practitioners from diverse fields, offering timely insights into a critical debate.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras
Publisher : University of Ottawa Press
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2007-09-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780776617718

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Pro-poor Land Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Pdf

Using empirical case materials from the Philippines and referring to rich experiences from different countries historically, this book offers conceptual and practical conclusions that have far-reaching implications for land reform throughout the world. Examining land reform theory and practice, this book argues that conventional practices have excluded a significant portion of land-based production and distribution relationships, while they have inadvertently included land transfers that do not constitute real redistributive reform. By direct implication, this book is a critique of both mainstream market led agrarian reform and conventional state-led land reform. It offers an alternative perspective on how to move forward in theory and practice and opens new paths in land policy research.

Author : Akram-Lodhi, A. H.,Dietz, Kristina,Engels, Bettina,McKay, Ben M.
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 744 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-14
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781788972468

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Handbook of Critical Agrarian Studies by Akram-Lodhi, A. H.,Dietz, Kristina,Engels, Bettina,McKay, Ben M. Pdf

Exploring the emerging and vibrant field of critical agrarian studies, this comprehensive Handbook offers interdisciplinary insights from both leading scholars and activists to understand agrarian life, livelihoods, formations and processes of change. It highlights the development of the field, which is characterized by theoretical and methodological pluralism and innovation.

Author : Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2013-09-13
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317990963

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Market-Led Agrarian Reform by Saturnino M. Borras Jr.,Cristóbal Kay,Edward Lahiff Pdf

Three-fourths of the world’s poor are rural poor. Most of the rural poor remain dependent on land-based livelihoods for their incomes and reproduction despite significant livelihood diversification in recent years. Land issue remains critical to any development discourse today. Market-led agrarian reform (MLAR) has gained prominence since the early 1990s as an alternative to state-led land reforms. This neoliberal policy is based on the inversion of what its proponents see as the features of earlier approaches, and calls for redistribution via privatized, decentralized transactions between ‘willing sellers’ and ‘willing buyers’. Its proponents, especially those associated with the World Bank, have claimed success where the policy has been implemented, but such claims have been contested by independent scholars as well as by peasant movements who are struggling to gain access to land. This book presents three thematic papers and six country studies. The thematic papers address issues of formalisation of property rights, gendered land rights, and neoliberal enclosure. These studies demonstrate the pervasive influence of neoliberal ideas on property rights and rural development debates, well beyond the ‘core’ question of land redistribution. The country cases bring together experiences from Brazil, Guatemala, El Salvador, Philippines, South Africa and Egypt. Common findings include the success of landowners in minimising the impact of reform, and a lack of post-transfer support, translating into marginal impact on poverty. The limitations of the market-led approach, and the implications of the studies presented here for the future of agrarian reform, are considered in the editors’ introduction. This book was a special issue of The Third World Quarterly.

Author : Zhun Xu
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-22
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781583677001

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From Commune to Capitalism by Zhun Xu Pdf

An account of China's transition into a global capitalist economy, as agrarian reform in the 1980s led Chinese peasants to industrial cities and into poverty In the early 1980s, China undertook a massive reform that dismantled its socialist rural collectives and divided the land among millions of small peasant families. Known as the decollectivization campaign, it is one of the most significant reforms in China's transition to a market economy. From the beginning, the official Chinese accounts, and many academic writings, uncritically portray this campaign as a huge success, both for the peasants and the economy as a whole. This mainstream history argues that the rural communes, suffering from inefficiency, greatly improved agricultural productivity under the decollectivization reform. It also describes how the peasants, due to their dissatisfaction with the rural regime, spontaneously organized and collectively dismantled the collective system. A closer examination suggests a much different and more nuanced story. By combining historical archives, field work, and critical statistical examinations, From Commune to Capitalism argues that the decollectivization campaign was neither a bottom-up, spontaneous peasant movement, nor necessarily efficiency-improving. On the contrary, the reform was mainly a top-down, coercive campaign, and most of the efficiency gains came from simply increasing the usage of inputs, such as land and labor, rather than institutional changes. The book also asks an important question: Why did most of the peasants peacefully accept this reform? Zhun Xu answers that the problems of the communes contributed to the passiveness of the peasantry; that decollectivization, by depoliticizing the peasantry and freeing massive rural labor to compete with the urban workers, served as both the political and economic basis for consequent Chinese neoliberal reforms and a massive increase in all forms of economic, political, and social inequality. Decollectivization was, indeed, a huge success, although far from the sort suggested by mainstream accounts.

Author : Leandro Vergara-Camus
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781780327457

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Land and Freedom by Leandro Vergara-Camus Pdf

The Zapatistas of Chiapas and the Landless Rural Workers' Movement (MST) of Brazil are often celebrated as shining examples in the global struggle against neoliberalism. But what have these movements achieved for their members in more than two decades of resistance and can any of these achievements realistically contribute to the rise of a viable alternative? Through a perfect balance of grassroots testimonies, participative observation and consideration of key debates in development studies, agrarian political economy, historical sociology and critical political economy, Land and Freedom compares, for the first time, the Zapatista and MST movements. Casting a spotlight on their resistance to globalizing market forces, Vergara-Camus gets to the heart of how these movements organize themselves and how territorial control, politicization and empowerment of their membership and the decommodification of social relations are key to understanding their radical development potential.