Promoting Trade Competitiveness In Developing Countries

Author : Wineaster Anderson,Marcellina M. Chijoriga,John R.M. Philemon
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 160 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2014-10-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781443868709

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Promoting Trade Competitiveness in Developing Countries by Wineaster Anderson,Marcellina M. Chijoriga,John R.M. Philemon Pdf

Globalization has had far-reaching consequences to both developed and developing economies, and will inevitably have potentially greater roles and impacts in the future. Developing countries stand to lose or gain from globalization, depending on how they marshal resources and manage the dynamics of globalization to their advantage. Experience shows that only a few developing countries have managed to take advantage of the opportunities offered by globalization or mitigate its negative and far-reaching consequences. Most of them are still mired in the economic doldrums due to the lack of a proper understanding of the factors at play and management incapacity. In this book, various insights which critically address globalization and development issues have been thoughtfully put together in order to provoke debates and lead to solutions that help improve the lot of developing countries. The book is the results of the initiative by University of Dar es Salaam Business School, which, in 2011, brought together various stakeholders to an International Conference on Globalization and Development with the theme “Promoting Trade Competitiveness in Developing Countries”. Thematic areas including regional integration, business regulations, Chinese investments in Africa, globalization, the Africa Growth Opportunity Act, foreign direct investments, and natural resources development were calculatedly selected on account of being topical and relevant in the context of Africa. The book will be valuable for academics, researchers, students and practitioners working in the fields of international business, natural resource management and foreign direct investments not only in Africa, but also in other developing countries. The topics and synthesis dealt with in this book will also be handy for practitioners working in international development agencies, public and private sectors, government ministries, departments and agencies.

Author : Irfan-ul-Haque,R. Martin N. Bell
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 232 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 1995-01-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0821334182

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Trade, Technology, and International Competitiveness by Irfan-ul-Haque,R. Martin N. Bell Pdf

World Bank Technical Paper No. 300. Provides an overview of past experiences with the introduction of agricultural technologies in World Bank-funded projects in Mediterranean climates, with an emphasis on the Middle East and North African region. The authors review the adequacy of present crop and livestock technologies, identify technical and socio-economic constraints on their adoption, and describe prospective technologies for pilot testing and full-scale introduction in future Bank-funded projects.

Author : Olivier Cattaneo,Michael Engman,Sebasti n S ez,Robert M. Stern
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 384 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2010-06-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 082138354X

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International Trade in Services by Olivier Cattaneo,Michael Engman,Sebasti n S ez,Robert M. Stern Pdf

The services sector is key to economic growth, competitiveness, and poverty alleviation. Comprising more than two-thirds of the world economy, services are now commonly traded across borders, helped by technological progress and the increased mobility of persons. In recent years, a number of developing countries have looked at trade in services as a means to both respond to domestic supply shortages and to diversify and boost exports. Any country can tap into the trade potential of services, but not every country can become a services hub across sectors. The opening of the services sector potentially comes with large benefits, but also fears and costs that should not be overlooked. This book provides useful guidelines for the assessment of a country s trade potential, and a roadmap for successful opening and export promotion in select services sectors. It looks at both the effects of increased imports and exports, and provides concrete examples of developing country approaches that have either succeeded or failed to maximize the benefits and minimize the risks of opening. It focuses on sectors that have been rarely analyzed through the trade lens, and/or have a fast growing trade potential for developing countries. These sectors are: accounting, construction, distribution, engineering, environmental, health, information technology, and legal services. This book is designed for non-trade specialists to understand how trade can help improve access to key services in developing countries, and for trade specialists to understand the specific characteristics of each individual sector. It will be a useful tool for governments to design successful trade opening or promotion strategies, and for the private sector and consumers to advocate sound domestic policy reforms accompanying an offensive trade agenda.

Author : Caf Dowlah
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015-07-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781317447924

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International Trade, Competitive Advantage and Developing Economies by Caf Dowlah Pdf

Available research suggests that less developed countries have significant competitive advantage over developed countries in three major areas of international trade: agriculture, textiles and clothing (T&C), and cross-border labor mobility. Incidentally, these are also the trade sectors which experienced widespread protectionist measures, especially in developed world, for decade after decade. Under the World Trade Organization (WTO), which replaced the General Agreement on Tariff and Trade (GATT) in 1995, much of the restrictions in T&C trade has been phased out, but still this sector faces much higher tariff and non-tariff barriers than any other manufacturing sector in world economy. The agricultural sector also experienced significant dismantling of deeply entrenched trade barriers under the WTO over the course of last two decades, but the sector still remains plagued with quite extensive domestic supports, export subsidies, and tariff barriers. At the same time, despite both theoretical expositions and empirical trends point to significant potential gains from cross-border labor mobility, the sector remains mired in a complex quagmire of economic and political restrictions around the world. Thus, all three sectors in which less developed countries have exports interests still remain less liberalized than the sectors in which developed countries have exports interests. This book provides an in-depth and up-to-date scholarly analysis of all three trade sectors—agriculture, T&C and cross-border labor mobility—with a penetrating scrutiny of historical backgrounds and developments, crosscurrents of interests and perspectives of both developed and developing countries, and evolving trade patterns and potentials in a more liberalized and globalized world economy. The book also identifies critical economic issues and options for less developed countries in the WTO negotiations for further liberalization of agriculture, T&C, and cross-border labor mobility. This volume will be an important point of reference for students, scholars, and practitioners of international trade, economic development, development economics, and WTO-related issues.

Author : International Trade Centre
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 152 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008-04-18
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789213615188

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All About Promoting Trade in Services by International Trade Centre Pdf

This one-stop source guide to the various materials on services exporting – provides a listing of practical publications and tools with directions on how to access them; each section of the handbook highlights resources particular to a specific topic in the area of services exports, followed by a short assessment questionnaire to be completed for measuring a country’s national performance in supporting services exports; all sections contain examples of material and strategies that can be used in working on services export promotion; it also provides a summary of what have been found to be the most important best practices in this domain.

Author : Mehdi Shafaeddin
Publisher : Anthem Press
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780857289117

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Competitiveness and Development by Mehdi Shafaeddin Pdf

In ‘Competitiveness and Development’, the author explains the confusion surrounding the concept of competitiveness in the context of developing countries; proposes policies for achieving competitiveness at a high level of development; examines its possibilities and constraints; and suggests policy changes necessary at the national and international levels. Shafaeddin illustrates how developed countries impose restrictive policies on developing countries through international financial institutions and the WTO, as well as regional and bilateral agreements, which limit their policy space for promoting dynamic comparative advantage in order to achieve competitiveness at a high level of development. Ultimately, such policies lock developing countries that are at early stages of development in specialization based on static comparative advantage and competitiveness at a low level of development.

Author : Ganeshan Wignaraja
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 411 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2003-10-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134585441

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Competitiveness Strategy in Developing Countries by Ganeshan Wignaraja Pdf

Globalization and structural adjustment offer many opportunities for export orientated industrialization in developing economies. As a group, competitiveness in the developing countries has improved, but, while East Asian economies have had rapid export growth and technological upgrades, South Asian and African economies have lagged behind. Old structures, institutions, behavioural patterns and public policies are ill-adapted to deal with the challenges posed by technological change and economic liberalization. Consequently there is an urgent need for change in government and private sector attitudes and strategies. This volume seeks to generalise the lessons across developing country and enterprise cases, and sheds light on which trade and industrial strategies and instruments work best, and which do not work, in relation to manufacturing competitiveness.

Author : Jose Guilherme Reis,Thomas Farole
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 221 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780821389379

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Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic Toolkit by Jose Guilherme Reis,Thomas Farole Pdf

This Trade Competitiveness Diagnostic (TCD) toolkit provides a framework, guidelines, and practical tools needed to conduct an analysis of trade competitiveness. The toolkit can be used to assess the competitiveness of a country's overall basket of exports ... See More + , as well as specific traded sectors. It includes guidance on a range of tools and indicators that can be used to analyze trade performance in terms of growth, orientation, diversification, quality, and survival, as well as quantitative and qualitative approaches to analyze the market and supply-side factors that determine competitiveness. The toolkit facilitates the identification of the main constraints to improved trade competitiveness and the policy responses to overcome these constraints. The output of a TCD initiative can be used for a wide variety of purposes. The TCD toolkit is intended for policy makers and practitioners involved in analysis of trade performance and design of trade and industrial policy.

Author : Sanjaya Lall
Publisher : Commonwealth Secretariat
Page : 80 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0850926238

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Promoting Industrial Competitiveness in Developing Countries by Sanjaya Lall Pdf

This book describes the micro-foundations of competitiveness and enterprise, and translates the lessons to national level. It looks at the competitive performance in East Asia and highlights lessons to be learned by other developing countries.

Author : International Trade Centre
Publisher : United Nations
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789213614822

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50 Years of Unlocking SME Competitiveness by International Trade Centre Pdf

50 years of fostering trade competitiveness around the globe generated a wealth of experience and expertise. ITC gained invaluable insights and learned many lessons in supporting SMEs in developing, least developed and transition economies to enhance their competitiveness and to internationalize. While ITC’s mandate has remained unchanged over the last five decades, the trade landscape has altered radically and with it the manner in which ITC has delivered its trade-related technical assistance. The rise of a multi-polar global economy gave way to new trade, market and investment opportunities. A technological revolution transformed the way business is being transacted around the world. The multilateral, regional and bilateral trade regime matured and new governance patterns in international trade emerged in the form of supply chain trade.

Author : Vivienne W L Wang,Elias G. Carayannis
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2011-11-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1461412757

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Promoting Balanced Competitiveness Strategies of Firms in Developing Countries by Vivienne W L Wang,Elias G. Carayannis Pdf

Since the pioneering work of Joseph Schumpeter (1942), it has been assumed that innovations typically play a key role in firms’ competitiveness. This assumption has been applied to firms in both developed and developing countries. However, the innovative capacities and business environments of firms in developing countries are fundamentally different from those in developed countries. It stands to reason that innovation and competitiveness models based on developed countries may not apply to developing countries. In this volume, Vivienne Wang and Elias G. Carayannis apply both theoretical approaches and empirical analysis to explore the dynamics of innovation in developing countries, with a particular emphasis on R&D in manufacturing firms. In so doing, they present an alternative to Michael Porter’s Competitive Advantage Model—a Competitive Position Model that focuses on incremental and adaptive innovations that are more appropriate than radical innovations for developing countries. Their research addresses such questions as: Do innovations advance the competitive positions of manufacturing firms in developing countries? Does the pace of innovation matter, in particular, in socio-economic and socio-political contexts? To what degree can national innovation systems and policies influence development? To what extent do a firm’s innovation commitments correlate with the protection of intellectual property rights? What roles do foreign direct investment and relationships with clusters and networks play? The resulting analysis not only challenges traditional theoretical approaches to innovation, but provides suggestions for improving business practice and policymaking.

Author : Fidelis Ezeala-Harrison
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing USA
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 1999-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780313028427

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Theory and Policy of International Competitiveness by Fidelis Ezeala-Harrison Pdf

How a country competes in the world is the crucial factor in determining that country's ability to benefit from international trade in today's global economy. This book offers a complete and proper understanding of the meaning of international competitiveness, analyzes the implications it holds for an economy's progress, examines how it may be pursued and sustained at both the sectoral level (firms and industries) and the national level (strategic objectives). The author offers pertinent policy guidelines and prescriptions for how a nation can achieve and maintain international competitiveness in order to sustain the long-term prosperity of its industries, and hence the overall pace of economic growth. The book is arranged into three parts. Part I discusses and defines the theories of international competitiveness. Part II deals with policy issues, specifically the policy analysis of structural reforms for promoting a country's ability to compete, the impact of globalization and the role of Communication and Information Technology (CIT), strategic trade policies, and environmental issues. Part III analyzes the strategies used to pursue competitiveness. The book will be useful for researchers, students, and teachers of business and economics as well as policy makers, business practitioners, and international and governmental agencies.

Author : Bela Balassa
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 380 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1989
Category : Commercial policy
ISBN : UCSC:32106009919983

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Comparative Advantage, Trade Policy and Economic Development by Bela Balassa Pdf

Author : Claire H. Hollweg,Sebastián Sáez
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2019-07-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781464814068

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Services for Trade Competitiveness by Claire H. Hollweg,Sebastián Sáez Pdf

Recognizing that services affect the ability of countries and their firms to compete on international markets, the World Bank’s Trade and Regional Integration Unit has developed an extensive work program to promote the performance of countries’ domestic services sectors, including services trade. Services for Trade Competitiveness presents selected applications of new methodologies that were developed to assess the competitiveness of countries’ services sectors, discern the types of barriers to services that exist in the regulatory environment, and identify the resulting policy implications. Its assessments are designed for a wide audience, including policy makers in developing countries and development practitioners in international organizations, policy-making institutions, and academia. The purpose of this book is to help policy makers in developing countries make informed policy choices to increase their chances of benefiting from the increasing prominence of services in international trade.

Author : David Olusanya Ajakaiye,T. Ademola Oyejide
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-03-12
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136595752

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Trade Infrastructure and Economic Development by David Olusanya Ajakaiye,T. Ademola Oyejide Pdf

There is growing consensus in the literature that trade and trade policy matter for a pro-poor growth and development strategy. Therefore, policies that are consistent with this strategy feature increasingly in many African countries where poverty is endemic and rapid and where sustainable economic growth is viewed as the major vehicle for poverty reduction. Key elements of these polices include measures that promote the expansion and diversification of production and trade in Africa. This book is aimed at articulating appropriate structural and policy measures for eliminating the constraints that African countries face and thus ensuring that they can derive maximum benefits from all available market access opportunities. There is evidence that most African countries face external market access barriers in their major export destinations which are generally less constraining than those confronting countries in other developing country regions. Yet, they have generally not been able to take full advantage of the special (preferential) market access opportunities available to them. This suggests that improved external market access, whether reciprocal or preferential, would not, by itself, be sufficient for strengthening African export performance. In this collection, export supply response capacity takes external (beyond-the-border) factors as given and concentrates primarily on the internal (behind-the-border) factors that influence production and distribution costs and, thus, competitiveness. The central working hypothesis of this book is that the inability of domestic producers and exporters in Africa to respond quickly, effectively and efficiently to external market access opportunities is caused by various limitations of their internal supply capacity and that this, in turn, is largely responsible for the lacklustre export performance of many African countries. This comprehensive study should be of interest to students and researchers of international trade and development economics as well as African studies.