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Author : Frederick Neil Johnson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2016-01-19
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781349072866
Author : Gin S. Malhi,Marc Masson,Frank Bellivier
Publisher : Springer
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2016-11-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319459233
This book provides a clear and comprehensive guide to the clinical prescription of lithium that draws upon evidence-based knowledge of its mechanisms of action. The book is divided into two parts, on the science of lithium and the practice of lithium therapy. The former covers aspects such as the properties of the lithium ion, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, impact on neurotransmission, and gene expression modulation. The section on practice includes discussion of variability in response to lithium, use of lithium in the treatment of bipolar disorders, its value in suicide prevention, administration during pregnancy and in the pediatric age group, and side effects. Lithium is arguably the only true mood stabilizer, and its multifaceted effects across many clinical domains have given rise to a resurgence of interest in recent years, fuelled by both researchers and clinicians. Nevertheless, its use remains constrained by exaggerated concerns about potential side-effects. In reality, lithium is a simple molecule that is relatively straightforward to administer and monitor and has potentially profound benefits at a fraction of the cost of contemporary agents. This book dispels the many myths and concerns that surround its use and will be of interest for clinicians and researchers worldwide, and those that are recipients of lithium therapy.
Author : Samuel Gershon
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781468420227
Psychopharmacology has certainly had the greatest impact on psy chiatric theory and practice since the psychoanalytic discoveries by Freud. Beginning more than 20 years ago, psychopharmacology has become a vigorous interdisciplinary science, and over the last 10 to 15 years has witnessed a tremendous growth both from a scientific and practical point of view. Lithium occupies a unique and central position in modern psycho pharmacology for several reasons. The introduction of the lithium ion in 1949 as a psychoactive drug preceded the advent of reserpine or chlorprom azine and placed it as the first agent in the modern era of pharmacopsy chiatry. In fact, this first report on the use of lithium by an Australian clinician set a pattern to be followed for all other major groups of psychoac tive chemical agents. Unlike the now established antipsychotic and antidepressant drugs, however, no reliable predictions based on preclinical pharmacological studies were available about the profile of lithium's clinical activity. This problem of clinical predictability based on current preclinical pharmacological studies is now surfacing with the advent of many newer investigational psychoactive agents. As in the introduction of other therapeutic modalities in medicine, including psychiatry, serendipity was the midwife for lithium. The use of this ion in psychiatry, from its fortuitous introduction by Cade in 1949 to its present-day acceptance as a universal treatment modality in the affective emotional disorders, presents, however, a clear example of a hapless lag between discovery and application.
Author : Frederick Neil Johnson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1984-06-18
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781349072897
Author : Frederick Neil Johnson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 1984-10-01
Category : Lithium
ISBN : 019520462X
Author : Nicholas J. Birch
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 366 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780080984292
This up-to-date compilation addresses the scientific problems of determining a mode of action of lithium and provides a cross-disciplinary perspective. In addition to psychiatrists interested in the therapeutic uses of lithium, it will also be of interest to biochemists using lithium as an inhibitor of phosphoinositide signaling, immunologists studying lymphocytes, and dermatologists studying viral replication in the skin.
Author : Barry Maletzky,Paul H. Blachly
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 79 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 1971
Category : Lithium
ISBN : 0408703288
Author : Johan Schioldann,Johan Schioldann Nielsen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 363 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2009-01
Category : Drugs
ISBN : 0980547709
This book traces the history of lithium therapy back to the 1800s. It contests the notion that the Australian man John Cade, who pioneered lithium therapy in Australia in the 1940s, was the first man to use the therapy. Tracing the history of lithium therapy, and evaluating Cade's research and potential breadth of reading and resources, the author comes to the conclusion that Cade was aware of previous writings on the topic but never acknowledged it. Cade has therefore become known as the 'pioneer' of this therapy, incorrectly.
Author : Walter A. Brown
Publisher : Liveright Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781631492006
The remarkable untold story of a miracle drug, the forgotten pioneer who discovered it, and the fight to bring lithium to the masses. The DNA double helix, penicillin, the X-ray, insulin—these are routinely cited as some of the most important medical discoveries of the twentieth century. And yet, the 1949 discovery of lithium as a cure for bipolar disorder is perhaps one of the most important—yet largely unsung—breakthroughs of the modern era. In Lithium, Walter Brown, a practicing psychiatrist and professor at Brown, reveals two unlikely success stories: that of John Cade, the physician whose discovery would come to save an untold number of lives and launch a pharmacological revolution, and that of a miraculous metal rescued from decades of stigmatization. From insulin comas and lobotomy to incarceration to exile, Brown chronicles the troubling history of the diagnosis and (often ineffective) treatment of bipolar disorder through the centuries, before the publication of a groundbreaking research paper in 1949. Cade’s “Lithium Salts in the Treatment of Psychotic Excitement” described, for the first time, lithium’s astonishing efficacy at both treating and preventing the recurrence of manic-depressive episodes, and would eventually transform the lives of patients, pharmaceutical researchers, and practicing physicians worldwide. And yet, as Brown shows, it would be decades before lithium would overcome widespread stigmatization as a dangerous substance, and the resistance from the pharmaceutical industry, which had little incentive to promote a naturally occurring drug that could not be patented. With a vivid portrait of the story’s unlikely hero, John Cade, Brown also describes a devoted naturalist who, unlike many modern medical researchers, did not benefit from prestigious research training or big funding sources (Cade’s “laboratory” was the unused pantry of an isolated mental hospital). As Brown shows, however, these humble conditions were the secret to his historic success: Cade was free to follow his own restless curiosity, rather than answer to an external funding source. As Lithium makes tragically clear, medical research—at least in America—has transformed in such a way that serendipitous discoveries like Cade’s are unlikely to occur ever again. Recently described by the New York Times as the “Cinderella” of psychiatric drugs, lithium has saved countless of lives and billions of dollars in healthcare costs. In this revelatory biography of a drug and the man who fought for its discovery, Brown crafts a captivating picture of modern medical history—revealing just how close we came to passing over this extraordinary cure.
Author : Andrea Fagiolini,Alessandro Cuomo,Roger S. McIntyre
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 55 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2022-10-05
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030980603
The volume presents the most important and practical information to prescribe lithium, valproate, carbamazepine and other anticonvulsants in psychiatric practice safely and successfully. The information is ready to use and easy to remember and is focused primarily on clinically relevant issues such as preliminary laboratory evaluations, drug dosages, schedules, indications, contraindications, side effects and strategies to manage them. Clinical cases and clinical pearls are provided for each medication. The volume outlines the best strategies to choose psychotropic medications skillfully. The book will be an invaluable reference for psychiatric residents and any other health care practitioner seeking for a tool that is simple, concise and immediately useful for everyday clinical practice.
Author : Jules Angst,Barry Blackwell,Samuel Gershon
Publisher : Inhn Publisher
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2021-12-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9874772263
Lithium in Historical Perspective is a collection of selected papers from INHN's. To provide readily accessible information on the history of the substance, the postings are presented in eight chapters: 1. Discovery, 2. Introduction, 3. Verification, 4. Controversy, 5. Re-evaluation, 6. Safety, 7. Action and 8. Indications. The potential use of lithium in "mania" was discovered by William T. Hammond and in "periodic depression" by Carl Lange in the19th century. There are two postings relevant to this topic: Johan Schioldann's comment on William Hammond and Carl Lange's speech, "On Periodical Depressions and Their Pathogenesis," in Schioldann's translation from Danish into English. Instrumental to the introduction of lithium was Edward Trautner's determination of an effective dose range in which Lithium can be safely administered. There are four contributions relevant to this topic: John Cade's and Trautner's biographies, by Samuel Gershon; Gershon's autobiographic account, "Events and Memories"; and Gershon's "Lithium History." The therapeutic effect of Lithium in "mania" was verified by Mogens Schou in the mid-1950s. There are three relevant to this topic: Mogens Schou's autobiography, and Grof's and Rybakowski's comments on it. Acceptance of lithium was delayed by a controversy in the mid-1960s about its prophylactic effect. There are four contributions in the collection relevant to this topic: Barry Blackwell's essay, "The lithium controversy, a historical autopsy"; Paul Grof's and Jules Angst's comments on it; and Blackwell's reply to both. In the 1980s lithium was re-evaluated and its place in treatment consolidated. There are three papers on this topic: Grof's comment, "More hindsight thought," on Blackwell's comments on Schou's "My journey with lithium"; Blackwell's review of Schioldann's "History of the Introduction of Lithium into Medicine and Psychiatry: Birth of Modern Psychopharmacology 1949"; and Schioldann's comment on Blackwell's review. With the prolonged use of the substance its anti-vasopressin action, causing polyuria and nephrogenic diabetes insipidus in vulnerable patients had become a safety concern. Spearheaded by the research of Radó, by the end of the second decade of the 21st-century renal toxicity of lithium could be successfully treated and prevented. There are five essays by Radó included in this collection relevant to this topic: "Mechanism of lithium-induced polyuria in historical perspective"; "Calcitonin in nephrogenic diabetes insipidus"; "Renal toxicity of lithium in historical perspective with special reference to nephrogenic diabetes insipidus"; "Desmopressin may counteract polyuria in lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. Review of the literature"; and "Use of modern antidiuretic agents in lithium-induced nephrogenic diabetes insipidus." Throughout the years the mode of action of lithium has been extensively studied. Yet, in this selection, information on its possible mode of action is restricted to its effect on the "purinergic system" presented in two essays: Magda Malewska-Kasprzak, Agnieszka Permoda-Osip, and Rybakowski's treatise on the "Disturbances of the purinergic system in affective disorders and schizophrenia" and Rybakowski's "Additional information: A commentary on Walter Felber's paper on Lithium prevention of depression 100 years ago -- an ingenious misconception, published in 1987." The therapeutic indication of lithium extended after its introduction from the treatment of "manic excitement" to the acute, maintenance and prophylactic treatment of "manic-depressive psychosis," referred to by that time as "bipolar disorder" in consensus-based classifications. Finally, there are two essays by Thomas Ban: "Development of the diagnostic concept of Manic-Depressive Psychosis in Emil Kraepelin's classifications" and "From Emil Kraepelin's Manic-Depressive Psychosis to Karl Leonhard's Phasic and Cycloid
Author : James W. Jefferson,John H. Greist,Deborah L. Ackerman
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Medical
ISBN : UOM:39015006034048
"Developed from 3 interactive computer programs: the Lithium Library, Lithium Index, and Lithium Consultation." Intended as a text and reference to provide interested professionals and laypersons with current information about lithium and its clinical uses. Contains 101 entries, each giving introduction and references. Index.
Author : Samuel Gershon,Baron Shopsin
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 358 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1973
Category : Lithium
ISBN : 0306037203
Author : G.U. Corsini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401173186
Lithium research and therapy needs to be continually re-evaluated on the basis of modern methodological approaches in order to shed new light on the mechanism of action and to improve therapeutic use. This book. based on the proceedings of the "International Meeting on Lithium and Rubidium Therapy" held in Venice from September 30th to October 2nd 1983. is devoted to current trends in the pharmacology and clinical aspects of lithium and of a newly born therapeutic cation. rubidium. The first part of this volume deals with modern trends in behavioural and biochemical approaches to the mechanism of action of lithium. A larger consideration is reserved for lithium therapy from a clinical point of view and includes re-assessment of long-term treatment with regard to serum levels. biological and psychological predictors. side-effects and new therapeutic uses. A smaller section is concerned with some recent clinical studies on rubidium. This volume should be an invaluable aid to all psychiatrists and those who work in the field of research of these pharmacological active metals. G. U. Corsini List of contributors A. ALCIATI L. BELLODI Institute of Clinical Psychiatry Institute of Clinical Psychiatry University of Milan University of Milan Milan Milan Italy Italy R. H. BELMAKER A. AMDISEN Jerusalem Mental Health Center Psychopharmacology Research Unit Ezrath Nashim Aarhus University, Jerusalem Psychiatric Hospital.
Author : F.N. Johnson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789401171977
As a medical student in the 1930s, I remember well that a very clear line of distinction was drawn between physical illness and mental illness. Physical illness resulted from pathology which could be identified and studied in detail and the cause could often be deduced. Treatment thus was often specific and based upon a proper appreciation of underlying basic science. Mental illness, on the other hand, could not, it was believed, be based upon identifiable changes in basic science. It was literally 'all in the mind' and, occurring in the absence of causes that could be identified, analysed and remedied, had no treatment that could in any way be called specific. N ow it is all too easy, in Medicine, for a doctor to become so immersed in a specialty that he fails to notice how his colleagues in other specialties are faring and, through laziness, to miss advances even of fundamental importance in fields other than those in which he himself works. As a consultant surgeon, after W orId War II, although I realized the importance of keeping in touch with those medical specialties which appeared to have a common interface with my own surgical interests, such as general medi cine, gastro-enterology, hepatology and endocrinology, it did not occur to me that there was any pressing need to ask what was new in Psychological Medicine.