Quantification

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The Seductions of Quantification

Author : Sally Engle Merry
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780226261317

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The Seductions of Quantification by Sally Engle Merry Pdf

We live in a world where seemingly everything can be measured. We rely on indicators to translate social phenomena into simple, quantified terms, which in turn can be used to guide individuals, organizations, and governments in establishing policy. Yet counting things requires finding a way to make them comparable. And in the process of translating the confusion of social life into neat categories, we inevitably strip it of context and meaning—and risk hiding or distorting as much as we reveal. With The Seductions of Quantification, leading legal anthropologist Sally Engle Merry investigates the techniques by which information is gathered and analyzed in the production of global indicators on human rights, gender violence, and sex trafficking. Although such numbers convey an aura of objective truth and scientific validity, Merry argues persuasively that measurement systems constitute a form of power by incorporating theories about social change in their design but rarely explicitly acknowledging them. For instance, the US State Department’s Trafficking in Persons Report, which ranks countries in terms of their compliance with antitrafficking activities, assumes that prosecuting traffickers as criminals is an effective corrective strategy—overlooking cultures where women and children are frequently sold by their own families. As Merry shows, indicators are indeed seductive in their promise of providing concrete knowledge about how the world works, but they are implemented most successfully when paired with context-rich qualitative accounts grounded in local knowledge.

Quantification

Author : Anna Szabolcsi
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2010-01-17
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781139491587

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Quantification by Anna Szabolcsi Pdf

Quantification forms a significant aspect of cross-linguistic research into both sentence structure and meaning. This book surveys research in quantification starting with the foundational work in the 1970s. It paints a vivid picture of generalized quantifiers and Boolean semantics. It explains how the discovery of diverse scope behaviour in the 1990s transformed the view of quantification, and how the study of the internal composition of quantifiers has become central in recent years. It presents different approaches to the same problems, and links modern logic and formal semantics to advances in generative syntax. A unique feature of the book is that it systematically brings cross-linguistic data to bear on the theoretical issues, covering French, German, Dutch, Hungarian, Russian, Japanese, Telugu (Dravidian), and Shupamem (Grassfield Bantu) and points to formal semantic literature involving quantification in around thirty languages.

Interpretive Quantification

Author : J. Samuel Barkin,Laura Sjoberg
Publisher : University of Michigan Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780472053391

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Interpretive Quantification by J. Samuel Barkin,Laura Sjoberg Pdf

Revolutionary volume demonstrates how crossing the positivist and post-positivist divide improves political science research

Uncertainty Quantification

Author : Christian Soize
Publisher : Springer
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2017-04-24
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319543390

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Uncertainty Quantification by Christian Soize Pdf

This book presents the fundamental notions and advanced mathematical tools in the stochastic modeling of uncertainties and their quantification for large-scale computational models in sciences and engineering. In particular, it focuses in parametric uncertainties, and non-parametric uncertainties with applications from the structural dynamics and vibroacoustics of complex mechanical systems, from micromechanics and multiscale mechanics of heterogeneous materials. Resulting from a course developed by the author, the book begins with a description of the fundamental mathematical tools of probability and statistics that are directly useful for uncertainty quantification. It proceeds with a well carried out description of some basic and advanced methods for constructing stochastic models of uncertainties, paying particular attention to the problem of calibrating and identifying a stochastic model of uncertainty when experimental data is available. This book is intended to be a graduate-level textbook for students as well as professionals interested in the theory, computation, and applications of risk and prediction in science and engineering fields.

Quantification and Syntactic Theory

Author : R. Cooper
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789401569323

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Quantification and Syntactic Theory by R. Cooper Pdf

The format of this book is unusual, especially for a book about linguistics. The book is meant primarily as a research monograph aimed at linguists who have some background in formal semantics, e. g. Montague Grammar. However, I have two other audiences in mind. Linguists who have little or no experience of formal semantics, but who have worked through a basic mathematics for linguists course (e. g. using Wall, 1972, or Partee, 1978), should, perhaps with the help of a sympathetic Montague gramma rian, be able to discover enough of how I have adapted some of the basic ideas in formal semantics to make the developments that I undertake in the rest of the book accessible. Logicians and computer scientists who know about model theoretic semantics and formal systems should be able to glean enough from Chapters I and II about linguistic concerns and techniques to be able to read the remainder of the book, again possibly with the help of a sympathetic Montague grammarian. However, readers should beware. Chapter II is not meant as a general introduction either to formal semantics or to linguistics and while much of the presentation there is going over ground that is already well covered in the literature, the particular formulation and the emphases are very much oriented to the developments to be undertaken later in the book.

Uncertainty Quantification in Variational Inequalities

Author : Joachim Gwinner,Baasansuren Jadamba,Akhtar A. Khan,Fabio Raciti
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 405 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2021-12-24
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781351857673

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Uncertainty Quantification in Variational Inequalities by Joachim Gwinner,Baasansuren Jadamba,Akhtar A. Khan,Fabio Raciti Pdf

Uncertainty Quantification (UQ) is an emerging and extremely active research discipline which aims to quantitatively treat any uncertainty in applied models. The primary objective of Uncertainty Quantification in Variational Inequalities: Theory, Numerics, and Applications is to present a comprehensive treatment of UQ in variational inequalities and some of its generalizations emerging from various network, economic, and engineering models. Some of the developed techniques also apply to machine learning, neural networks, and related fields. Features First book on UQ in variational inequalities emerging from various network, economic, and engineering models Completely self-contained and lucid in style Aimed for a diverse audience including applied mathematicians, engineers, economists, and professionals from academia Includes the most recent developments on the subject which so far have only been available in the research literature

Subatomic quantification

Author : Marcin Wągiel
Publisher : Language Science Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-13
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783961103157

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Subatomic quantification by Marcin Wągiel Pdf

The goal of this book is to explore the relationship between the cognitive notion of parthood and various grammatical devices expressing this concept in natural language. The monograph aims to investigate syntactic constructions and lexical categories, e.g., partitives, whole-adjectives, and multipliers, encoding different kinds of part-whole structures both in Slavic and non-Slavic languages. It is envisioned to inspire radical rethinking of the ontology of models accounting for nominal semantics. Specifically, it provides novel evidence for a mereotopological approach to meaning, i.e., a theory of wholes that captures not only parthood but also topological relations holding between parts. This evidence comes from the phenomenon of subatomic quantification, i.e., quantification over parts of referents of concrete count nouns.

The Grammar of French Quantification

Author : Lena Baunaz
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2011-03-02
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9789400706217

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The Grammar of French Quantification by Lena Baunaz Pdf

This book is the first extensive study on French Quantification in the field of Syntax. It provides a typology of four main quantified noun phrases in French (existential, universal, negative and wh-), detailing their syntactic, semantic and prosodic behaviors and showing that they can be reduced to two classes—Split-DP structures or Floating quantification. Relying on syntax and semantics, the book establishes a three-way structural typology of wh in-situ phrases and extends it to existentials. It pays special attention to the prosodic properties associated with their different readings and proposes an analysis of the distribution of subextraction and pied-piping. Similarly based on semantic and syntactic tests, the book reveals N(egative) words to be universal Quantifiers. It proposes a new structure of N-words in terms of constituent negation and includes a detailed analysis of the difference between not an N and not all the N in French.

Risk Quantification

Author : Laurent Condamin,Jean-Paul Louisot,Patrick Naïm
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 286 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2007-01-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780470060438

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Risk Quantification by Laurent Condamin,Jean-Paul Louisot,Patrick Naïm Pdf

This book offers a practical answer for the non-mathematician to all the questions any businessman always wanted to ask about risk quantification, and never dare to ask. Enterprise-wide risk management (ERM) is a key issue for board of directors worldwide. Its proper implementation ensures transparent governance with all stakeholders’ interests integrated into the strategic equation. Furthermore, Risk quantification is the cornerstone of effective risk management,at the strategic and tactical level, covering finance as well as ethics considerations. Both downside and upside risks (threats & opportunities) must be assessed to select the most efficient risk control measures and to set up efficient risk financing mechanisms. Only thus will an optimum return on capital and a reliable protection against bankruptcy be ensured, i.e. long term sustainable development. Within the ERM framework, each individual operational entity is called upon to control its own risks, within the guidelines set up by the board of directors, whereas the risk financing strategy is developed and implemented at the corporate level to optimise the balance between threats and opportunities, systematic and non systematic risks. This book is designed to equip each board member, each executives and each field manager, with the tool box enabling them to quantify the risks within his/her jurisdiction to all the extend possible and thus make sound, rational and justifiable decisions, while recognising the limits of the exercise. Beyond traditional probability analysis, used since the 18th Century by the insurance community, it offers insight into new developments like Bayesian expert networks, Monte-Carlo simulation, etc. with practical illustrations on how to implement them within the three steps of risk management, diagnostic, treatment and audit. With a foreword by Catherine Veret and an introduction by Kevin Knight.

Uncertainty Quantification

Author : Ralph C. Smith
Publisher : SIAM
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-12-02
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781611973211

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Uncertainty Quantification by Ralph C. Smith Pdf

The field of uncertainty quantification is evolving rapidly because of increasing emphasis on models that require quantified uncertainties for large-scale applications, novel algorithm development, and new computational architectures that facilitate implementation of these algorithms. Uncertainty Quantification: Theory, Implementation, and Applications provides readers with the basic concepts, theory, and algorithms necessary to quantify input and response uncertainties for simulation models arising in a broad range of disciplines. The book begins with a detailed discussion of applications where uncertainty quantification is critical for both scientific understanding and policy. It then covers concepts from probability and statistics, parameter selection techniques, frequentist and Bayesian model calibration, propagation of uncertainties, quantification of model discrepancy, surrogate model construction, and local and global sensitivity analysis. The author maintains a complementary web page where readers can find data used in the exercises and other supplementary material.

Strategies of Quantification

Author : Kook-Hee Gil,Stephen Harlow,George Tsoulas
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2013-02-21
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780191643637

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Strategies of Quantification by Kook-Hee Gil,Stephen Harlow,George Tsoulas Pdf

Quantification has been at the heart of research in the syntax and semantics of natural language since Aristotle. The last few decades have seen an explosion of detailed studies of the syntax and semantics of quantification and its relation to the rest of the theory of grammar, resulting in a highly sophisticated understanding of the mechanisms of quantification. This book considers the ways natural languages vary with respect to their realisation of quantificational notions. Drawing on data from English, German, Japanese, Korean, Mandarin, Hausa and others, the authors also link the variation in the expression of quantification to the notions of polarity sensitivity, free-choice and indefiniteness.

Recurrence Quantification Analysis

Author : Charles L. Webber, Jr.,Norbert Marwan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2014-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319071558

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Recurrence Quantification Analysis by Charles L. Webber, Jr.,Norbert Marwan Pdf

The analysis of recurrences in dynamical systems by using recurrence plots and their quantification is still an emerging field. Over the past decades recurrence plots have proven to be valuable data visualization and analysis tools in the theoretical study of complex, time-varying dynamical systems as well as in various applications in biology, neuroscience, kinesiology, psychology, physiology, engineering, physics, geosciences, linguistics, finance, economics, and other disciplines. This multi-authored book intends to comprehensively introduce and showcase recent advances as well as established best practices concerning both theoretical and practical aspects of recurrence plot based analysis. Edited and authored by leading researcher in the field, the various chapters address an interdisciplinary readership, ranging from theoretical physicists to application-oriented scientists in all data-providing disciplines.

Linguistic and Cognitive Aspects of Quantification

Author : Katalin É. Kiss,Tamás Zétényi
Publisher : Springer
Page : 219 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2018-07-25
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319915661

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Linguistic and Cognitive Aspects of Quantification by Katalin É. Kiss,Tamás Zétényi Pdf

This volume presents the results of psycholinguistic research into various aspects of the grammar of quantification. The investigations involve children and adults, speakers of different languages, using a variety of experimental paradigms. A shared aspect of the studies is that they present their experimental results as evidence evaluating linguistic theories of quantification. Topics discussed include the interpretation of universal, comparative, and superlative quantifiers, quantifier spreading, scope interaction between pairs of quantifiers and between quantifiers and wh-phrases, distributivity and cumulativity, the interaction of quantifier interpretation with information structure, the disambiguating role of prosody, the functional overlap between universal quantification and perfectivity, and much more. The focus on experimental evidence makes this book essential reading for linguists (syntacticians, semanticists and pragmatists), psycholinguists and psychologists interested in quantification.

Uncertainty Quantification and Model Calibration

Author : Jan Peter Hessling
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789535132790

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Uncertainty Quantification and Model Calibration by Jan Peter Hessling Pdf

Uncertainty quantification may appear daunting for practitioners due to its inherent complexity but can be intriguing and rewarding for anyone with mathematical ambitions and genuine concern for modeling quality. Uncertainty quantification is what remains to be done when too much credibility has been invested in deterministic analyses and unwarranted assumptions. Model calibration describes the inverse operation targeting optimal prediction and refers to inference of best uncertain model estimates from experimental calibration data. The limited applicability of most state-of-the-art approaches to many of the large and complex calculations made today makes uncertainty quantification and model calibration major topics open for debate, with rapidly growing interest from both science and technology, addressing subtle questions such as credible predictions of climate heating.

Quantification in LC and GC

Author : Stavros Kromidas,Hans -Joachim Kuss
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527323012

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Quantification in LC and GC by Stavros Kromidas,Hans -Joachim Kuss Pdf

Closing a gap in the current literature by addressing the evaluation and quality assessment of raw data, this practice-oriented guide is clearly divided into three parts. The first describes basic considerations of chromatographic data quality, common errors and potential pitfalls in reading out and quantifying the data. Part two systematically covers the most important chromatographic methods as well as the specific requirements for obtaining good chromatographic data. The final part looks at data quality from the perspective of those regulatory authorities demanding certain standards in data quality, describing in detail best practices. Written with the practitioner in mind, the text not only teaches the mathematical basics but also provides invaluable advice.