Rain Formation In Warm Clouds

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Rain Formation in Warm Clouds

A. M. Selvam
Rain Formation in Warm Clouds Book PDF

Author : A. M. Selvam
Publisher : Springer
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319132693

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Rain Formation in Warm Clouds by A. M. Selvam Pdf

This book aims to promote the understanding of some of the basic mathematical and scientific issues in the subjects relating to climate dynamics, chaos and quantum mechanics. It is based on substantial research work in atmospheric science carried out over twenty years. Atmospheric flows exhibit self similar fractal fluctuations, a signature of long-range correlations on all space-time scales. Realistic simulation and prediction of atmospheric flows requires the incorporation of the physics of observed fractal fluctuation characteristics in traditional meteorological theory. A general systems theory model for fractal space-time fluctuations in turbulent atmospheric flows is presented and applied to the formation of rain in warm clouds. This model gives scale-free universal governing equations for cloud growth processes. The model predicted cloud parameters are in agreement with reported observations, in particular, the cloud drop-size distribution. Rain formation can occur in warm clouds within 30 minutes as observed in practice under favourable conditions of moisture supply in the environment. Traditional cloud physical concepts for rain development requires over an hour for a full-sized raindrop to form. The book provides background reading for postgraduate students of Meteorology, Atmospheric Sciences/Physics, Environmental Sciences, and scientists working in the field of the topic of the book as well as the multidisciplinary field of Nonlinear Dynamics and Chaos.

Physics and Chemistry of Clouds

Dennis Lamb,Johannes Verlinde
Physics and Chemistry of Clouds Book PDF

Author : Dennis Lamb,Johannes Verlinde
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 599 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2011-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139500944

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Physics and Chemistry of Clouds by Dennis Lamb,Johannes Verlinde Pdf

Clouds affect our daily weather and play key roles in the global climate. Through their ability to precipitate, clouds provide virtually all of the fresh water on Earth and are a crucial link in the hydrologic cycle. With ever-increasing importance being placed on quantifiable predictions - from forecasting the local weather to anticipating climate change - we must understand how clouds operate in the real atmosphere, where interactions with natural and anthropogenic pollutants are common. This textbook provides students - whether seasoned or new to the atmospheric sciences - with a quantitative yet approachable path to learning the inner workings of clouds. Developed over many years of the authors' teaching at Pennsylvania State University, Physics and Chemistry of Clouds is an invaluable textbook for advanced students in atmospheric science, meteorology, environmental sciences/engineering and atmospheric chemistry. It is also a very useful reference text for researchers and professionals.

Practical Meteorology

Roland Stull
Practical Meteorology Book PDF

Author : Roland Stull
Publisher : Sundog Publishing, LLC
Page : 942 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Science
ISBN : 0888652836

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Practical Meteorology by Roland Stull Pdf

A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.

Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources

Reginald W. Herschy,Rhodes W. Fairbridge
Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources Book PDF

Author : Reginald W. Herschy,Rhodes W. Fairbridge
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 793 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 1998-07-31
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780412740602

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Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources by Reginald W. Herschy,Rhodes W. Fairbridge Pdf

The fresh water supplies of the Earth are finite and as the world's population continues to grow humanity's thirst for this water seems unquenchable. Intense pressure is being exerted upon freshwater resources and a lack of adequate clean water is seen as one of the most serious global problems for the 21st century. Indeed it has been said that the next war will be fought over water, not oil. Human health and the health of supporting ecosystems increasingly depends upon our ability to find, control, manage and understand water. In a single volume, The Encyclopedia of Hydrology and Water Resources provides the reader with a comprehensive overview and understanding of the diverse field of hydrology. The intimate inclusion of material on water resources emphasizes the practical applications of this field, applications which are indispensable in any modern approach to the subject. This volume is a vital reference for all hydrologists, hydrogeologists and water engineers worldwide, whether they are concerned with the exploitation of new sources of water, the protection and management of existing reserves, or the science of surface water and groundwater flow. 114 eminent scientists from 17 countries worldwide have contributed to this authoritative volume. Superbly illustrated throughout, it includes almost 300 entries on a range of key topics, including arid and semi-arid zones, climates and climate change, floods and droughts, desertification, entropy, flow measurement, groundwater, hydrological cycle, hydrological models, infiltration, karst hydrology, paleohydrology, precipitation, remote sensing, river pollution prevention, rivers, lakes and seas, satellite hydrology, soil erosion, water treatment, water use, weather radar, and world water balance.

Urban Climates

T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt
Urban Climates Book PDF

Author : T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 549 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2017-09-14
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9780521849500

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Urban Climates by T. R. Oke,G. Mills,A. Christen,J. A. Voogt Pdf

The first full synthesis of modern scientific and applied research on urban climates, suitable for students and researchers alike.

Clouds, Rain and Rainmaking

B. J. Mason
Clouds Rain and Rainmaking Book PDF

Author : B. J. Mason
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 1975-11-27
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521206501

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Clouds, Rain and Rainmaking by B. J. Mason Pdf

Dr Mason has revised and updated his popular account of cloud-related meteorological phenomena.

Cloud Formation is not Boring

Nick Wigram
Cloud Formation is not Boring Book PDF

Author : Nick Wigram
Publisher : Harry the Cloud via PublishDrive
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2016-06-22
Category : Juvenile Nonfiction
ISBN : PKEY:6610000082001

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Cloud Formation is not Boring by Nick Wigram Pdf

Geek Alert!! Be warned that Professor Penguin has his head in the clouds. While you may find some of his ramblings way above your head, if you are you a bit foggy about how clouds form and would like to know about rain, hail, snow, thunder, lightning and tornadoes, then this is the book for you!

Electrification Processes in Warm Rain Clouds

Lothar H. Ruhnke
Electrification Processes in Warm Rain Clouds Book PDF

Author : Lothar H. Ruhnke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Cloud physics
ISBN : PSU:000072011454

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Electrification Processes in Warm Rain Clouds by Lothar H. Ruhnke Pdf

The problem of electrical charges on raindrops from non-thunderstorm clouds is investigated. Measurements of raindrop charges, precipitation currents and space charges made in various parts of the world indicate that on the average positive charges prevail on raindrops. To explain rain charges, a well known hypothesis requires the melting of snow. In Hawaii, however, rain often forms by condensation and coalescence without ice or snow in the upper portions of the cloud. Yet raindrop charges do not differ from charges measured in other types of rain. Measurements of charges on Hawaiian rain are discussed together with observations of electrical field and condensation nuclei profiles. It was found that positive charges are of the order of 10−4 esu. A correlation of these charges with wind speed was found. Electric fields in rain clouds are generally positive except at the lower cloud boundary where negative fields of up to -1000 V/m exist. Several thunderstorm theories are discussed and their applicability to the warm mechanism is examined. A new hypothesis is necessary to explain the observed electrical features of warm rain. A theory based on influence is presented and formulated. Due to low electrical conductivity inside the cloud, positive space charges form in the upper part of the cloud and negative in the lower, influenced by an impressed conduction current from above the cloud. These space charges diffuse to the raindrops. Considering a coalescence mechanism for drop growth, the residence time of raindrops in the negative space charge area is much smaller than the corresponding time in the positive area, and so the drops usually leave the cloud with a positive charge. Numerical solutions to drop charges and electric field profiles using a realistic cloud model were obtained through the use of digital computer techniques. The theoretical results for charges on raindrops and electric field patterns agree well with observations.

Aristotle’s Meteorologica: Meteorology Then and Now

Anastasios A. Tsonis,Christos S. Zerefos
Aristotle s Meteorologica Meteorology Then and Now Book PDF

Author : Anastasios A. Tsonis,Christos S. Zerefos
Publisher : Archaeopress Publishing Ltd
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2020-05-28
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781789696387

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Aristotle’s Meteorologica: Meteorology Then and Now by Anastasios A. Tsonis,Christos S. Zerefos Pdf

This book concentrates on the meteorological aspects of Aristotle’s work published as Meteorologica books A-D, and on how they compare now with our understanding of meteorology and climate change.

An Introduction to Clouds

Ulrike Lohmann,Felix Lüönd,Fabian Mahrt
An Introduction to Clouds Book PDF

Author : Ulrike Lohmann,Felix Lüönd,Fabian Mahrt
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 419 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107018228

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An Introduction to Clouds by Ulrike Lohmann,Felix Lüönd,Fabian Mahrt Pdf

This book provides a fundamental understanding of clouds, from microphysics to climate, with supplementary problem sets and questions.

Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation

Zev Levin,William R. Cotton
Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation Book PDF

Author : Zev Levin,William R. Cotton
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 399 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2008-09-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781402086908

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Aerosol Pollution Impact on Precipitation by Zev Levin,William R. Cotton Pdf

Life on Earth is critically dependent upon the continuous cycling of water between oceans, continents and the atmosphere. Precipitation (including rain, snow, and hail) is the primary mechanism for transporting water from the atmosphere back to the Earth’s surface. It is also the key physical process that links aspects of climate, weather, and the global hydrological cycle. Changes in precipitation regimes and the frequency of extreme weather events, such as floods, droughts, severe ice/snow storms, monsoon fluctuations and hurricanes are of great potential importance to life on the planet. One of the factors that could contribute to precipitation modification is aerosol pollution from various sources such as urban air pollution and biomass burning. Natural and anthropogenic changes in atmospheric aerosols might have important implications for precipitation by influencing the hydrological cycle, which in turn could feed back to climate changes. From an Earth Science perspective, a key question is how changes expected in climate will translate into changes in the hydrological cycle, and what trends may be expected in the future. We require a much better understanding and hence predictive capability of the moisture and energy storages and exchanges among the Earth’s atmosphere, oceans, continents and biological systems. This book is a review of our knowledge of the relationship between aerosols and precipitation reaching the Earth's surface and it includes a list of recommendations that could help to advance our knowledge in this area.

Visualizing Weather and Climate

Bruce Anderson,Alan H. Strahler
Visualizing Weather and Climate Book PDF

Author : Bruce Anderson,Alan H. Strahler
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 530 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2008-09-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780470418123

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Visualizing Weather and Climate by Bruce Anderson,Alan H. Strahler Pdf

Visualizing Weather and Climate Change will capture the reader's interest in weather and climate and then use that interest to engage them in activities that demonstrate the science that serves as the basis of the discipline. Sections such as Eye on the Atmosphere use beautiful imagery to help them see the atmosphere through the eyes of a meteorologist and ask scientific questions that place significant features in atmospheric context. It also includes expanded coverage of global change and recent phenomena. Chapter summaries, self-tests and critical thinking questions help prepare readers for quizzes and tests while the illustrated case studies offer a wide variety of in-depth examinations that address important issues in the field of environmental science.

Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation

Pao K. Wang
Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation Book PDF

Author : Pao K. Wang
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 469 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107005563

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Physics and Dynamics of Clouds and Precipitation by Pao K. Wang Pdf

New textbook on microphysics, thermodynamics and cloud-scale dynamics of clouds and precipitation, for graduate and advanced undergraduate students, researchers and professionals.

Shallow Clouds, Water Vapor, Circulation, and Climate Sensitivity

Robert Pincus,David Winker,Sandrine Bony,Bjorn Stevens
Shallow Clouds Water Vapor Circulation and Climate Sensitivity Book PDF

Author : Robert Pincus,David Winker,Sandrine Bony,Bjorn Stevens
Publisher : Springer
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2018-05-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319772738

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Shallow Clouds, Water Vapor, Circulation, and Climate Sensitivity by Robert Pincus,David Winker,Sandrine Bony,Bjorn Stevens Pdf

This volume presents a series of overview articles arising from a workshop exploring the links among shallow clouds, water vapor, circulation, and climate sensitivity. It provides a state-of-the art synthesis of understanding about the coupling of clouds and water vapor to the large-scale circulation. The emphasis is on two phenomena, namely the self-aggregation of deep convection and interactions between low clouds and the large-scale environment, with direct links to the sensitivity of climate to radiative perturbations. Each subject is approached using simulations, observations, and synthesizing theory; particular attention is paid to opportunities offered by new remote-sensing technologies, some still prospective. The collection provides a thorough grounding in topics representing one of the World Climate Research Program’s Grand Challenges. Previously published in Surveys in Geophysics, Volume 38, Issue 6, 2017 The aritcles “Observing Convective Aggregation”, “An Observational View of Relationships Between Moisture Aggregation, Cloud, and Radiative Heating Profiles”, “Implications of Warm Rain in Shallow Cumulus and Congestus Clouds for Large-Scale Circulations”, “A Survey of Precipitation-Induced Atmospheric Cold Pools over Oceans and Their Interactions with the Larger-Scale Environment”, “Low-Cloud Feedbacks from Cloud-Controlling Factors: A Review”, “Mechanisms and Model Diversity of Trade-Wind Shallow Cumulus Cloud Feedbacks: A Review”, “Structure and Dynamical Influence of Water Vapor in the Lower Tropical Troposphere”, “Emerging Technologies and Synergies for Airborne and Space-Based Measurements of Water Vapor Profiles”, “Observational Constraints on Cloud Feedbacks: The Role of Active Satellite Sensors”, and “EUREC4A: A Field Campaign to Elucidate the Couplings Between Clouds, Convection and Circulation” are available as open access articles under a CC BY 4.0 license at link.springer.com.

Cloud and weather atlas

Hugh Duncan Grant
Cloud and weather atlas Book PDF

Author : Hugh Duncan Grant
Publisher : Hugh Duncan Grant
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 1944
Category : Nature
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Cloud and weather atlas by Hugh Duncan Grant Pdf

Cloud and weather atlas