Re Examining The Crime Drop

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Re-Examining The Crime Drop

Stephen Farrall
Re Examining The Crime Drop Book PDF

Author : Stephen Farrall
Publisher : Springer
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2017-10-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783319676548

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Re-Examining The Crime Drop by Stephen Farrall Pdf

The crime drop is one of the most important puzzles in contemporary criminology: since the early-1990s many countries appear to exhibit a pronounced decline in crime rates. While there have been many studies on the topic, this book argues that the current crime drop literature relies too heavily on a single methodological approach, and in turn, provides a new method for examining the falling rates of crime, based on ideas from political science and comparative historical social science. Farrall’s original new research forwards an understanding of trends in crime and responses to them by questioning the received theoretical assumptions. The book therefore encourages a ‘deepening’ in the nature of the sorts of studies which have been undertaken so far. Firmly grounded in Political Science, this innovative study is a must read for scholars of Critical Criminology, Criminological Theory, and Politics.

The Myth of the ‘Crime Decline’

Justin Kotzé
The Myth of the Crime Decline Book PDF

Author : Justin Kotzé
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2019-03-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351134576

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The Myth of the ‘Crime Decline’ by Justin Kotzé Pdf

The Myth of the ‘Crime Decline’ seeks to critically interrogate the supposed statistical decline of crime rates, thought to have occurred in a number of predominantly Western countries over the past two decades. Whilst this trend of declining crime rates seems profound, serious questions need to be asked. Data sources need to be critically interrogated and context needs to be provided. This book seeks to do just that. This book examines the wider socio-economic and politico-cultural context within which this decline in crime is said to have occurred, highlighting the changing nature and landscape of crime and its ever deepening resistance to precise measurement. By drawing upon original qualitative research and cutting edge criminological theory, this book offers an alternative view of the reality of crime and harm. In doing so it seeks to reframe the ‘crime decline’ discourse and provide a more accurate account of this puzzling contemporary phenomenon. Additionally, utilising a new theoretical framework developed by the author, this book begins to explain why the ‘crime decline’ discourse has been so readily accepted. Written in an accessible yet theoretical and informed manner, this book is a must-read for academics and students in the fields of criminology, sociology, social policy, and the philosophy of social sciences.

Exploring Political Legacies

Stephen Farrall,Colin Hay,Emily Gray
Exploring Political Legacies Book PDF

Author : Stephen Farrall,Colin Hay,Emily Gray
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 115 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2020-03-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030370060

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Exploring Political Legacies by Stephen Farrall,Colin Hay,Emily Gray Pdf

The concept of the political legacy, despite its importance for institutionalist and historically-minded political analysts more generally, remains both elusive and undeveloped theoretically. This book seeks to address that oversight by building on existing studies which have approached the notion of a legacy to offer a clear definition and operationalisation of the term which might be used to inform future research. Legacies we view as traces of the past in the present; the claim to the existence of a legacy is both a causal and a counter-factual claim. We propose, in the light of this, a multi-dimensional approach to gauging political legacies, reflecting on some of the theoretical, analytical and methodological concerns which need to be addressed in establishing credible claims to their existence. These we develop and illustrate with respect to the literature on Thatcherism.

The Crime Drop in America

Alfred Blumstein,Joel Wallman
The Crime Drop in America Book PDF

Author : Alfred Blumstein,Joel Wallman
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2000-09-11
Category : Law
ISBN : 0521797128

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The Crime Drop in America by Alfred Blumstein,Joel Wallman Pdf

Top criminologists explain the reasons for the drop in violent crime in America.

Criminology

Tim Newburn
Criminology Book PDF

Author : Tim Newburn
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Criminology
ISBN : 9780199643257

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Criminology by Tim Newburn Pdf

"What do we mean by the term "crime"? Who commits crime and why do they do it? And what can we do about it? This [book] considers what we know about crime and criminality, and about historical trends and competing explanations for patterns of crime in the developed world."--Book flap.

Fixing Broken Windows

George L. Kelling,Catherine M. Coles
Fixing Broken Windows Book PDF

Author : George L. Kelling,Catherine M. Coles
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780684837383

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Fixing Broken Windows by George L. Kelling,Catherine M. Coles Pdf

Cites successful examples of community-based policing.

Juvenile Justice

Preston Elrod,R. Scott Ryder
Juvenile Justice Book PDF

Author : Preston Elrod,R. Scott Ryder
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Publishers
Page : 539 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-07
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781449667603

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Juvenile Justice by Preston Elrod,R. Scott Ryder Pdf

The juvenile justice system is a multifaceted entity that continually changes under the influence of decisions, policies, and laws. The all new Fourth Edition of Juvenile Justice: A Social, Historical, and Legal Perspective, offers readers a clear and comprehensive look at exaclty what it is and how it works. Reader friendly and up-to-date, this text unravels the complexities of the juvenile justice system by exploring the history, theory, and components of the juvenile justice process and how they relate.

Micro-Place Homicide Patterns in Chicago

Andrew P. Wheeler,Christopher R. Herrmann,Richard L. Block
Micro Place Homicide Patterns in Chicago Book PDF

Author : Andrew P. Wheeler,Christopher R. Herrmann,Richard L. Block
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 81 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2020-12-10
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783030614461

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Micro-Place Homicide Patterns in Chicago by Andrew P. Wheeler,Christopher R. Herrmann,Richard L. Block Pdf

This brief examines 36,263 homicides in Chicago over a 53-year study period, 1965 through 2017, at micro place grid cells of 150 by 150 meters. This study shows not only long-term historical patterns of homicides in Chicago, but also places that historical context of homicide in reference to the dramatic increases in homicides in 2016-2017. It uses several different inequality metrics, as well as kernel density maps to demonstrate that homicides were more clustered in the 1960’s compared to later periods. Using zero inflated group-based trajectory models, it demonstrates the long-term temporal stability of homicides at micro places. This brief will be of interest to researchers in policing, homicide, and research methods in criminology.

HC 307 - Crime Reduction Policies: A Co-Ordinated Approach?

Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Justice Committee
HC 307 Crime Reduction Policies A Co Ordinated Approach Book PDF

Author : Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Justice Committee
Publisher : The Stationery Office
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-26
Category : Crime prevention
ISBN : 9780215073198

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HC 307 - Crime Reduction Policies: A Co-Ordinated Approach? by Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Justice Committee Pdf

The Justice Committee believes The Treasury should seriously question whether taxpayers' money is used in ways most likely to reduce future crime and victimisation and must develop a longer term strategy for the use of resources tied up currently in the criminal justice system. All parts of the criminal justice system have had to cope with significant spending cuts, yet it appears that the Government has shied away from using the need to make those cuts to re-evaluate how and where money is spent. The Committee welcomes the development of various cross-Government initiatives to deal with the sources of crime, such as the Troubled Families Programme. But resources committed are tiny compared to the costs of crime to society. Each year: violent crime, 44% of which is alcohol related, costs almost £30 billion; crime perpetrated by people who had conduct problems in childhood costs around £60 billion; drug related crime costs £13.3 billion; anti-social behaviour related to alcohol abuse costs £11 billion. The costs of preventative investment further upstream are often relatively small yet the Committee's evidence highlights the clear benefits of collective ownership, pooled funding and joint priorities that have been facilitated by the shift of power in this field from Whitehall to local communities. The greatest problem identified by the Committee is the lack of rigorous assessment of where taxpayers' money can be most effectively spent in cutting crime. A more evidence-based approach is needed.

The Relationship Between the Physical Urban Environment and Crime Reduction and Prevention

Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe,Council of Europe
The Relationship Between the Physical Urban Environment and Crime Reduction and Prevention Book PDF

Author : Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe,Council of Europe
Publisher : Council of Europe
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2002-01-01
Category : Law
ISBN : 9287150656

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The Relationship Between the Physical Urban Environment and Crime Reduction and Prevention by Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe,Council of Europe Pdf

It is generally accepted that the physical environment in towns and cities can affect patterns of crime and antisocial behaviour. This report presents the proceedings of an international conference, held in Poland in October 2000, as part of the work programme of the Congress of Local and Regional Authorities of Europe (CLRAE) of the Council of Europe to develop and promote policies for the reduction of urban crime in its 41 member countries. The conference discussions focused on four key themes: housing and crime; open spaces, street planning and design; urban transport planning to reduce crime; and the relationship between the siting and design of sporting facilities and crime.

GIS and Crime Mapping

Spencer Chainey,Jerry Ratcliffe
GIS and Crime Mapping Book PDF

Author : Spencer Chainey,Jerry Ratcliffe
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781118685198

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GIS and Crime Mapping by Spencer Chainey,Jerry Ratcliffe Pdf

The growing potential of GIS for supporting policing and crime reduction is now being recognised by a broader community. GIS can be employed at different levels to support operational policing, tactical crime mapping, detection, and wider-ranging strategic analyses. With the use of GIS for crime mapping increasing, this book provides a definitive reference. GIS and Crime Mapping provides essential information and reference material to support readers in developing and implementing crime mapping. Relevant case studies help demonstrate the key principles, concepts and applications of crime mapping. This book combines the topics of theoretical principles, GIS, analytical techniques, data processing solutions, information sharing, problem-solving approaches, map design, and organisational structures for using crime mapping for policing and crime reduction. Delivered in an accessible style, topics are covered in a manner that underpins crime mapping use in the three broad areas of operations, tactics and strategy. Provides a complete start-to-finish coverage of crime mapping, including theory, scientific methodologies, analysis techniques and design principles. Includes a comprehensive presentation of crime mapping applications for operational, tactical and strategic purposes. Includes global case studies and examples to demonstrate good practice. Co-authored by Spencer Chainey, a leading researcher and consultant on GIS and crime mapping, and Jerry Ratcliffe, a renowned professor and former police officer. This book is essential reading for crime analysts and other professionals working in intelligence roles in law enforcement or crime reduction, at the local, regional and national government levels. It is also an excellent reference for undergraduate and Masters students taking courses in GIS, Geomatics, Crime Mapping, Crime Science, Criminal Justice and Criminology.

Psychology and Crime

Craig Webber
Psychology and Crime Book PDF

Author : Craig Webber
Publisher : SAGE
Page : 361 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-09-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781473944060

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Psychology and Crime by Craig Webber Pdf

′Criminologists have been waiting a very long time for a psychology of crime that speaks their language. Finally it has arrived.′ - Dr David Gadd, Keele University Now in an updated second edition, this book explores the links between psychology and crime, taking the reader through psychological explanations of crime and the use of psychology within the criminal justice system. The book aims to demystify some of the myths of psychological criminology and situates the subject within its historical and theoretical foundations, whilst maintaining a contemporary outlook and critical awareness of the field’s advantages and limitations. This second edition includes: Four new chapters, on Psychological perspectives and their approach to crime, Mentally disordered offenders, The Criminal Courts and the role of the Jury, and Victims, Fear of Crime and Offender Management. Improved coverage of the issues around interpersonal violence, sexual violence and deviancy, the psychology of crime in groups, and war crimes. Increased analysis of psychology and the criminal justice system. Essential reading for students in criminology, sociology and psychology.

Crime and Justice in America

Joycelyn M. Pollock
Crime and Justice in America Book PDF

Author : Joycelyn M. Pollock
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 452 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781437735123

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Crime and Justice in America by Joycelyn M. Pollock Pdf

This text offers a concise, affordable, and reader-friendly introduction to the criminal justice system. It explores the system in four sections: the criminal justice system as social control, law enforcement as social control, the law as social control, and corrections as social control.

The Great American Crime Decline

Franklin E. Zimring
The Great American Crime Decline Book PDF

Author : Franklin E. Zimring
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2008-11-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780199702534

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The Great American Crime Decline by Franklin E. Zimring Pdf

Many theories--from the routine to the bizarre--have been offered up to explain the crime decline of the 1990s. Was it record levels of imprisonment? An abatement of the crack cocaine epidemic? More police using better tactics? Or even the effects of legalized abortion? And what can we expect from crime rates in the future? Franklin E. Zimring here takes on the experts, and counters with the first in-depth portrait of the decline and its true significance. The major lesson from the 1990s is that relatively superficial changes in the character of urban life can be associated with up to 75% drops in the crime rate. Crime can drop even if there is no major change in the population, the economy or the schools. Offering the most reliable data available, Zimring documents the decline as the longest and largest since World War II. It ranges across both violent and non-violent offenses, all regions, and every demographic. All Americans, whether they live in cities or suburbs, whether rich or poor, are safer today. Casting a critical and unerring eye on current explanations, this book demonstrates that both long-standing theories of crime prevention and recently generated theories fall far short of explaining the 1990s drop. A careful study of Canadian crime trends reveals that imprisonment and economic factors may not have played the role in the U.S. crime drop that many have suggested. There was no magic bullet but instead a combination of factors working in concert rather than a single cause that produced the decline. Further--and happily for future progress, it is clear that declines in the crime rate do not require fundamental social or structural changes. Smaller shifts in policy can make large differences. The significant reductions in crime rates, especially in New York, where crime dropped twice the national average, suggests that there is room for other cities to repeat this astounding success. In this definitive look at the great American crime decline, Franklin E. Zimring finds no pat answers but evidence that even lower crime rates might be in store.

Effective Crime Reduction Strategies

James F. Albrecht,Dilip K. Das
Effective Crime Reduction Strategies Book PDF

Author : James F. Albrecht,Dilip K. Das
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 650 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2011-02-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781420078404

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Effective Crime Reduction Strategies by James F. Albrecht,Dilip K. Das Pdf

The International Police Executive Symposium (IPES, www.ipes.info) coordinates annual international conferences to evaluate critical issues in policing and recommend practical solutions to law enforcement executives deployed across the globe. Drawn from the 2005 proceedings hosted by the Czech Republic in Prague, Effective Crime Reduction Strategies: International Perspectives contains contributions from the renowned criminal justice and law enforcement professionals who gathered at this elite annual meeting. Dedicated to continued reduction in crime through local and global response, these international experts share effective crime-fighting principles and tried and proven best practices. Thoroughly revised and updated since the initial proceedings, the reports in this volume are divided into six sections which explore a host of essential topics: Critical Issues in European Law Enforcement: Highlights efforts in Hungary, Austria, and Norway to revise policies and organizational structures to meet the demands of developing events and political pressures Contemporary Concerns: Policing in the United States and Canada: Analyzes the impact of international terrorism and transnational crime on police work Paradigm Shifts: Policing as Democracy Evolves: Evaluates the success of democratic reforms in South Africa, Brazil, Argentina, Nigeria, and Cameroon Revising Traditional Law Enforcement in Asia to Meet Contemporary Demands: Describes how counterterrorism, cultural ideology, and transnational criminal influence affects the traditional nature of policing in New Zealand, Turkey, Indonesia, and Thailand The Positive Influence of Unionization on Police Professionalism: Addresses the impact of police associations on management decision-making and policy development in the United States, Canada, New Zealand, and South Africa Significant Issues Facing Twenty-First Century Law Enforcement: Focuses on counterterrorism, border and transnational criminality, the measurement of police effectiveness, and the investigation of juvenile crime Supplemented with select papers considered for the official journal of the IPES, this volume represents a thoroughly comparative approach to the challenges police executives face in the 21st century. Exploring a wide range of issues impacting how law enforcement professionals fight crime, experts from virtually all regions of the globe engage in discourse that is destined to shape future policing worldwide.