Reasoning About Rational Agents

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Reasoning about Rational Agents

Michael Wooldridge
Reasoning about Rational Agents Book PDF

Author : Michael Wooldridge
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2003-01-01
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262265028

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Reasoning about Rational Agents by Michael Wooldridge Pdf

This book focuses on the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model of rational agents, which recognizes the primacy of beliefs, desires, and intentions in rational action. One goal of modern computer science is to engineer computer programs that can act as autonomous, rational agents; software that can independently make good decisions about what actions to perform on our behalf and execute those actions. Applications range from small programs that intelligently search the Web buying and selling goods via electronic commerce, to autonomous space probes. This book focuses on the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model of rational agents, which recognizes the primacy of beliefs, desires, and intentions in rational action. The BDI model has three distinct strengths: an underlying philosophy based on practical reasoning in humans, a software architecture that is implementable in real systems, and a family of logics that support a formal theory of rational agency.The book introduces a BDI logic called LORA (Logic of Rational Agents). In addition to the BDI component, LORA contains a temporal component, which allows one to represent the dynamics of how agents and their environments change over time, and an action component, which allows one to represent the actions that agents perform and the effects of the actions. The book shows how LORA can be used to capture many components of a theory of rational agency, including such notions as communication and cooperation.

Reasoning about Rational Agents

Michael J. Wooldridge
Reasoning about Rational Agents Book PDF

Author : Michael J. Wooldridge
Publisher : Bradford Books
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Computers
ISBN : 0262232138

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Reasoning about Rational Agents by Michael J. Wooldridge Pdf

One goal of modern computer science is to engineer computer programs that can act as autonomous, rational agents; software that can independently make good decisions about what actions to perform on our behalf and execute those actions. Applications range from small programs that intelligently search the Web buying and selling goods via electronic commerce, to autonomous space probes. This book focuses on the belief-desire-intention (BDI) model of rational agents, which recognizes the primacy of beliefs, desires, and intentions in rational action. The BDI model has three distinct strengths: an underlying philosophy based on practical reasoning in humans, a software architecture that is implementable in real systems, and a family of logics that support a formal theory of rational agency.The book introduces a BDI logic called LORA (Logic of Rational Agents). In addition to the BDI component, LORA contains a temporal component, which allows one to represent the dynamics of how agents and their environments change over time, and an action component, which allows one to represent the actions that agents perform and the effects of the actions. The book shows how LORA can be used to capture many components of a theory of rational agency, including such notions as communication and cooperation.

Foundations of Rational Agency

Michael Wooldridge,A. Rao
Foundations of Rational Agency Book PDF

Author : Michael Wooldridge,A. Rao
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401592048

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Foundations of Rational Agency by Michael Wooldridge,A. Rao Pdf

This volume represents an advanced, comprehensive state-of-the-art survey of the field of rational agency as it stands today. It covers the philosophical foundations of rational agency, logical and decision-theoretic approaches to rational agency, multi-agent aspects of rational agency and a number of approaches to programming rational agents. It will be of interest to researchers in logic, mainstream computer science, the philosophy of rational action and agency, and economics.

Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning

Christopher McMahon
Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning Book PDF

Author : Christopher McMahon
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2001-08-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521011787

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Collective Rationality and Collective Reasoning by Christopher McMahon Pdf

"This book examines the issue of rational cooperation, especially cooperation between people with conflicting moral commitments. The first part considers how the two main aspects of cooperation - the choice by a group of a particular cooperative scheme and the decision by each member to contribute to that scheme - can be understood as guided by reason. The second part explores how the activity of reasoning itself can take a cooperative form. The book is distinctive in offering an account of what people can accomplish by reasoning together, of the role of deliberation in democratic decision making, and of the negotiation of the proper use of concepts. Presenting for the first time a detailed analysis of the general problem of cooperation and collective reasoning between people with different moral commitments, this book will be of particular interest to philosophers of the social sciences and to students in political science, sociology and economics." --Cambridge Press.

Common Sense, Reasoning, and Rationality

Renee Elio
Common Sense Reasoning and Rationality Book PDF

Author : Renee Elio
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 294 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2002-02-07
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198033684

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Common Sense, Reasoning, and Rationality by Renee Elio Pdf

As the eleventh volume in the New Directions in Cognitive Science series (formerly the Vancouver Studies in Cognitive Science series), this work promises superb scholarship and interdisciplinary appeal. It addresses three areas of current and varied interest: common sense, reasoning, and rationality. While common sense and rationality often have been viewed as two distinct features in a unified cognitive map, this volume offers novel, even paradoxical, views of the relationship. Comprised of outstanding essays from distinguished philosophers, it considers what constitutes human rationality, behavior, and intelligence covering diverse areas of philosophy, psychology, cognitive science, and computer science. Indeed, it is at the forefront of cognitive research and promises to be of unprecedented influence across numerous disciplines.

The Oxford Handbook of Rationality

Alfred R. Mele,Piers Rawling
The Oxford Handbook of Rationality Book PDF

Author : Alfred R. Mele,Piers Rawling
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 43,7 Mb
Release : 2004-01-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780198033240

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The Oxford Handbook of Rationality by Alfred R. Mele,Piers Rawling Pdf

Rationality has long been a central topic in philosophy, crossing standard divisions and categories. It continues to attract much attention in published research and teaching by philosophers as well as scholars in other disciplines, including economics, psychology, and law. The Oxford Handbook of Rationality is an indispensable reference to the current state of play in this vital and interdisciplinary area of study. Twenty-two newly commissioned chapters by a roster of distinguished philosophers provide an overview of the prominent views on rationality, with each author also developing a unique and distinctive argument.

Rationality in an Uncertain World

Mike Oaksford,Nick Chater
Rationality in an Uncertain World Book PDF

Author : Mike Oaksford,Nick Chater
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 0863775349

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Rationality in an Uncertain World by Mike Oaksford,Nick Chater Pdf

This book brings together an influential sequence of papers that argue for a radical re-conceptualisation of the psychology of inference, and of cognitive science more generally. The papers demonstrate that the thesis that logic provides the basis of human inference is central to much cognitive science, although the commitment to this view is often implicit. They then note that almost all human inference is uncertain, whereas logic is the calculus of certain inference. This mismatch means that logic is not the appropriate model for human thought. Oaksford and Chater's argument draws on research in computer science, artificial intelligence and philosophy of science, in addition to experimental psychology. The authors propose that probability theory, the calculus of uncertain inference, provides a more appropriate model for human thought. They show how a probabilistic account can provide detailed explanations of experimental data on Wason's selection task, which many have viewed as providing a paradigmatic demonstration of human irrationality. Oaksford and Chater show that people's behaviour appears irrational only from a logical point of view, whereas it is entirely rational from a probabilistic perspective. The shift to a probabilistic framework for human inference has significant implications for the psychology of reasoning, cognitive science more generally, and forour picture of ourselves as rational agents.

Multi-Agent Programming:

Rafael H. Bordini,Mehdi Dastani,Jürgen Dix,Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni
Multi Agent Programming Book PDF

Author : Rafael H. Bordini,Mehdi Dastani,Jürgen Dix,Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 389 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2009-06-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9780387892993

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Multi-Agent Programming: by Rafael H. Bordini,Mehdi Dastani,Jürgen Dix,Amal El Fallah Seghrouchni Pdf

Multi-Agent Systems are a promising technology to develop the next generation open distributed complex software systems. The main focus of the research community has been on the development of concepts (concerning both mental and social attitudes), architectures, techniques, and general approaches to the analysis and specification of multi-agent systems. This contribution has been fragmented, without any clear way of “putting it all together”, rendering it inaccessible to students and young researchers, non-experts, and practitioners. Successful multi-agent systems development is guaranteed only if we can bridge the gap from analysis and design to effective implementation. Multi-Agent Programming: Languages, Tools and Applications presents a number of mature and influential multi-agent programming languages, platforms, development tools and methodologies, and realistic applications, summarizing the state of the art in an accessible manner for professionals and computer science students at all levels.

Rationality In An Uncertain World

Nick Chater,Mike Oaksford
Rationality In An Uncertain World Book PDF

Author : Nick Chater,Mike Oaksford
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 386 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2004-08-02
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135471743

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Rationality In An Uncertain World by Nick Chater,Mike Oaksford Pdf

This book brings together an influential sequence of papers that argue for a radical re-conceptualisation of the psychology of inference, and of cognitive science more generally. The papers demonstrate that the thesis that logic provides the basis of human inference is central to much cognitive science, although the commitment to this view is often implicit. They then note that almost all human inference is uncertain, whereas logic is the calculus of certain inference. This mismatch means that logic is not the appropriate model for human thought. Oaksford and Chater's argument draws on research in computer science, artificial intelligence and philosophy of science, in addition to experimental psychology. The authors propose that probability theory, the calculus of uncertain inference, provides a more appropriate model for human thought. They show how a probabilistic account can provide detailed explanations of experimental data on Wason's selection task, which many have viewed as providing a paradigmatic demonstration of human irrationality. Oaksford and Chater show that people's behaviour appears irrational only from a logical point of view, whereas it is entirely rational from a probabilistic perspective. The shift to a probabilistic framework for human inference has significant implications for the psychology of reasoning, cognitive science more generally, and forour picture of ourselves as rational agents.

Rational Agent

Fouad Sabry
Rational Agent Book PDF

Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 204 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2023-07-03
Category : Computers
ISBN : PKEY:6610000473878

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Rational Agent by Fouad Sabry Pdf

What Is Rational Agent A person or thing is said to be rational, or reasonable, if it always strives to execute the best possible actions based on the premises and knowledge that it is provided with. A rational agent is any entity that can make decisions, most commonly a human but also a company, machine, or piece of software. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Rational agent Chapter 2: Artificial intelligence Chapter 3: Game theory Chapter 4: Rational choice theory Chapter 5: Bounded rationality Chapter 6: Satisficing Chapter 7: Software agent Chapter 8: Intelligent agent Chapter 9: Outline of artificial intelligence Chapter 10: Herbert A. Simon (II) Answering the public top questions about rational agent. (III) Real world examples for the usage of rational agent in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of rational agent' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of rational agent.

Reasoning about Preference Dynamics

Fenrong Liu
Reasoning about Preference Dynamics Book PDF

Author : Fenrong Liu
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2011-05-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789400713444

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Reasoning about Preference Dynamics by Fenrong Liu Pdf

Our preferences determine how we act and think, but exactly what the mechanics are and how they work is a central cause of concern in many disciplines. This book uses techniques from modern logics of information flow and action to develop a unified new theory of what preference is and how it changes. The theory emphasizes reasons for preference, as well as its entanglement with our beliefs. Moreover, the book provides dynamic logical systems which describe the explicit triggers driving preference change, including new information, suggestions, and commands. In sum, the book creates new bridges between many fields, from philosophy and computer science to economics, linguistics, and psychology. For the experienced scholar access to a large body of recent literature is provided and the novice gets a thorough introduction to the action and techniques of dynamic logic.

Common Sense, Reasoning, & Rationality

Renée Elio
Common Sense Reasoning Rationality Book PDF

Author : Renée Elio
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Common sense
ISBN : 9780195147667

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Common Sense, Reasoning, & Rationality by Renée Elio Pdf

While common sense and rationality have often been viewed as two distinct features in a unified cognitive map, this volume engages with this notion and comes up with novel and often paradoxical views of this relationship.

Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision

Robert Audi
Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision Book PDF

Author : Robert Audi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2006-03-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781134219216

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Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision by Robert Audi Pdf

Presenting the most comprehensive and lucid account of the topic currently available, Robert Audi's "Practical Reasoning and Ethical Decision" is essential reading for anyone interested in the role of reason in ethics or the nature of human action. The first part of the book is a detailed critical overview of the influential theories of practical reasoning found in Aristotle, Hume and Kant, whilst the second part examines practical reasoning in the light of important topics in moral psychology - weakness of will, self-deception, rationalization and others. In the third part, Audi describes the role of moral principles in practical reasoning and clarifies the way practical reasoning underlies ethical decisions. He formulates a comprehensive set of concrete ethical principles, explains how they apply to reasoning about what to do, and shows how practical reasoning guides moral conduct.

Who Is Rational?

Keith E. Stanovich
Who Is Rational Book PDF

Author : Keith E. Stanovich
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1999-04-01
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781135687557

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Who Is Rational? by Keith E. Stanovich Pdf

Integrating a decade-long program of empirical research with current cognitive theory, this book demonstrates that psychological research has profound implications for current debates about what it means to be rational. The author brings new evidence to bear on these issues by demonstrating that patterns of individual differences--largely ignored in disputes about human rationality--have strong implications for explanations of the gap between normative and descriptive models of human behavior. Separate chapters show how patterns of individual differences have implications for all of the major critiques of purported demonstrations of human irrationality in the heuristics and biases literature. In these critiques, it has been posited that experimenters have observed performance errors rather than systematically irrational responses; the tasks have required computational operations that exceed human cognitive capacity; experimenters have applied the wrong normative model to the task; and participants have misinterpreted the tasks. In a comprehensive set of studies, Stanovich demonstrates that gaps between normative and descriptive models of performance on some tasks can be accounted for by positing these alternative explanations, but that not all discrepancies from normative models can be so explained. Individual differences in rational thought can in part be predicted by psychological dispositions that are interpreted as characteristic biases in people's intentional-level psychologies. Presenting the most comprehensive examination of individual differences in the heuristics and biases literature that has yet been published, experiments and theoretical insights in this volume contextualize the heuristics and biases literature exemplified in the work of various investigators.

Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies II

João Leite,Andrea Omicini,Paolo Torroni,Pinar Yolum
Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies II Book PDF

Author : João Leite,Andrea Omicini,Paolo Torroni,Pinar Yolum
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2005-06-16
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540261728

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Declarative Agent Languages and Technologies II by João Leite,Andrea Omicini,Paolo Torroni,Pinar Yolum Pdf

The second edition of the workshop on Declarative Agent Languages and Te- nologies (DALT 2004) was held July 2004 in New York City, and was a great success. We saw a signi?cant increase in both the number of submitted papers and workshop attendees from the ?rst meeting, held July 2003 in Melbourne. Nearly 40 research groups worldwide were motivated to contribute to this event by submitting their most recent research achievements, covering a wide variety of the topics listed in the call for papers. More than 30 top researchers agreed to join the Program Committee, which then collectively faced the hard task of selecting the one-day event program. The fact that research in multi-agent systems is no longer only a novel and promising research horizon at dawn is, in our opinion, the main reason behind DALT’s (still short) success story. On the one hand, agent theories and app- cations are mature enough to model complex domains and scenarios, and to successfully address a wide range of multifaceted problems, thus creating the urge to make the best use of this expressive and versatile paradigm, and also pro?t from all the important results achieved so far. On the other hand, bui- ing multi-agent systems still calls for models and technologies that could ensure system predictability, accommodate ?exibility, heterogeneity and openness, and enable system veri?cation.