Reasons In Action

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Reasons for Action

David Sobel,Steven Wall
Reasons for Action Book PDF

Author : David Sobel,Steven Wall
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2011-10-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 110740357X

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Reasons for Action by David Sobel,Steven Wall Pdf

What are our reasons for acting? Morality purports to give us these reasons, and so do norms of prudence and the laws of society. The theory of practical reason assesses the authority of these potentially competing claims, and for this reason philosophers with a wide range of interests have converged on the topic of reasons for action. This volume contains eleven essays on practical reason by leading and emerging philosophers. Topics include the differences between practical and theoretical rationality, practical conditionals and the wide-scope ought, the explanation of action, the sources of reasons, and the relationship between morality and reasons for action. The volume will be essential reading for all philosophers interested in ethics and practical reason.

Praxiology and the Reasons for Action

Piotr Makowski
Praxiology and the Reasons for Action Book PDF

Author : Piotr Makowski
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2017-07-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351497176

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Praxiology and the Reasons for Action by Piotr Makowski Pdf

This volume explores two traditions in practical philosophy: action theory, which concerns the nature of motivation for human action, and praxiology, the study of human action. By bringing different perspectives together, the volume strives to contribute to the international debate on theories of reasons for action as a philosophy of action.The volume consists of three main parts. The first part, "Reasons for Action," bridges the gap between reasons for action theories and praxiology. The second part of the volume, titled "Theories of Action," explores philosophical approaches to action. Finally, in the third part, "Applications," the contributors show several ways of applying praxiological ways of thinking and acting to the problems of reflection assessment, solving action incompleteness, and knowledge management.The ultimate goal of this volume is to broaden the scientific view of action: to establish a perspective on action that is permeated by moral theories on the one hand, and accounts focused on efficiency and economy of action on the other hand. This work is the newest volume in Transaction's Praxiology series.

Kinds of Reasons

Maria Alvarez
Kinds of Reasons Book PDF

Author : Maria Alvarez
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2010-03-25
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191613937

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Kinds of Reasons by Maria Alvarez Pdf

Understanding human beings and their distinctive rational and volitional capacities is one of the central tasks of philosophy. The task requires a clear account of such things as reasons, desires, emotions and motives, and of how they combine to produce and explain human behaviour. In Kinds of Reasons, Maria Alvarez offers a fresh and incisive treatment of these issues, focusing in particular on reasons as they feature in contexts of agency. Her account builds on some important recent work in the area; but she takes her main inspiration from the tradition that receives its seminal contemporary expression in the writings of G.E.M. Anscombe, a tradition that runs counter to the broadly Humean orthodoxy that has dominated the theory of action for the past forty years. Alvarez's conclusions are therefore likely to be controversial; and her bold and painstaking arguments will be found provocative by participants on every side of the debates with which she engages. Clear and directly written, Kinds of Reasons aims to stake out a distinctive position within one of the most hotly contested areas of contemporary philosophy.

Reason and Action

Bruce Aune
Reason and Action Book PDF

Author : Bruce Aune
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1977-09-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9027708053

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Reason and Action by Bruce Aune Pdf

Philosophers writing on the subject of human action have found it tempting to introduce their subject by raising Wittgenstein's question, 'What is left over if you subtract the fact that my arm goes up from the fact that I raise my arm?' The presumption is that something of particular interest is involved in an action of raising an arm that is not present in a mere bodily movement, and the philosopher's task is to specify just what this is. Unfortunately, such an approach does not take us very far, since a person could properly be said to raise his (or her) arm while asleep or hypnotized even though he (or she) would not be performing an action in the sense of 'action' with which philosophers are particularly concerned. To avoid this kind of difficulty I shall approach the subject of human action is a more academic way: I shall expound some important rival theories of human action, and introduce the relevant issues by commenting critically on those theories. One of the issues I eventually introduce is a metaphysical one. A theory of action makes sense, I contend, only on the assumption that there are such 'things' as actions (or events). After considering some key arguments bearing on the issue I conclude that, as matters currently stand in philosophy, a metaphysically noncommittal attitude toward actions and events seems justified.

Action, Intention, and Reason

Robert Audi
Action Intention and Reason Book PDF

Author : Robert Audi
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 381 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2019-01-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781501733260

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Action, Intention, and Reason by Robert Audi Pdf

For the first time, Robert Audi presents in Action, Intention, and Reason a full version of his theory of the nature, explanation, freedom, and rationality of human action. Ove the years Audi has set out in journal articles different aspects of a unified theory of action. This volume offers the unity of a single, seamless book with thirteen self-contained chapters, two of them previously unpublished, and a new overview of action theory and the book's contribution to it. The book is divided into four parts, each addressing a major problem area. The chapters in Part One describe the motivational grounds of action, explicate desire, belief, intention, and volition, and give a distinctive account of their interconnections. In the second part, Audi sets out a theory of the explanation of action and argues that actions can be both law-governed and performed for reasons. The third part provides an account of free action and its relation to causation and responsibility. Chapters in the fourth and final part construct an account of rational action and its connections with practical reasoning, self-deception, and weakness of will.

Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action

Robert Streiffer
Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action Book PDF

Author : Robert Streiffer
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 041593852X

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Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action by Robert Streiffer Pdf

First Published in 2003. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Emotion, Reason, and Action in Kant

Maria Borges
Emotion Reason and Action in Kant Book PDF

Author : Maria Borges
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 200 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781350078383

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Emotion, Reason, and Action in Kant by Maria Borges Pdf

This book is open access and available on www.bloomsburycollections.com. It is funded by Knowledge Unlatched. Though Kant never used the word 'emotion' in his writings, it is of vital significance to understanding his philosophy. This book offers a captivating argument for reading Kant considering the importance of emotion, taking into account its many manifestations in his work including affect and passion. Emotion, Reason, and Action in Kant explores how, in Kant's world view, our actions are informed, contextualized and dependent on the tension between emotion and reason. On the one hand, there are positive moral emotions that can and should be cultivated. On the other hand, affects and passions are considered illnesses of the mind, in that they lead to the weakness of the will, in the case of affects, and evil, in the case of passions. Seeing the role of these emotions enriches our understanding of Kant's moral theory. Exploring the full range of negative and positive emotions in Kant's work, including anger, compassion and sympathy, as well as moral feeling, Borges shows how Kant's theory of emotion includes both physiological and cognitive aspects. This is an important new contribution to Kant Studies, suitable for students of Kant, ethics, and moral psychology.

WHY – Reason for Every Action

Abdul Ghaffar
WHY Reason for Every Action Book PDF

Author : Abdul Ghaffar
Publisher : Notion Press
Page : 169 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-01-11
Category : Self-Help
ISBN : 9781636335742

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WHY – Reason for Every Action by Abdul Ghaffar Pdf

WHY – Reason for every Action (2020) deals with your WHY, i.e., reason for your each and every action whether it is good or bad. This explains the purpose in your life. It shows you the reason for taking the pain every morning to get up from the bed to go to work, which you do every day even without your motivation and enjoyment. This book will gradually navigate you to get rid of procrastination and develop an interest in your routine task. The purpose of the book is to keep you in action and to help you to get your desired results. As you go through this book, the secret of WHY will be revealed and you will find the answers to the questions you face in your day to day life: Why do you lose your enthusiasm in your office, in the school or in the society? Why are your motivations vanishing gradually? How is your why important to maintain your motivation? How does your why play a pivotal role to help in regaining your lost motivation? How can your lost motivation be regained? And you will come to know how much it is important to find the reason for your every action.

Agent, Action, and Reason

Robert W. Binkley,R.N. Bronaugh,Ausonio Marras
Agent Action and Reason Book PDF

Author : Robert W. Binkley,R.N. Bronaugh,Ausonio Marras
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 1971-12-15
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781442633650

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Agent, Action, and Reason by Robert W. Binkley,R.N. Bronaugh,Ausonio Marras Pdf

This volume contains the papers and commentaries presented at the fourth philosophy colloquium at the University of Western Ontario in November 1968. The papers examine, from different points of view, the central problems in the philosophy of action. They include: “Agency” by Donald Davidson with comments by James Cornman; “On the Logic on International Action” by Roderick Chisholm with comments by Bruce Aune and a reply by Roderick Chisholm; “Wanting: Some Pitfalls” by R.M. Hare with comments by David Gauthier and D.F. Pears; “Two Problems about Reasons for Actions” by D.F. Pears with comments by Irving Thalberg. Also included is an extensive bibliography of recent work in the philosophy of action. The contributors are all well known for their work in this branch of philosophy; their papers present a cross section of the best work being done in the area at the present time.

Desire

G. F. Schueler
Desire Book PDF

Author : G. F. Schueler
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0262193558

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Desire by G. F. Schueler Pdf

Does action always arise out of desire? G.F. Schueler examines this hotly debated topic in philosophy of action and moral philosophy, arguing that once two senses of "desire" are distinguished -- roughly, genuine desires and pro attitudes -- apparently plausible explanations of action in terms of the agent's desires can be seen to be mistaken. Desire probes a fundamental issue in philosophy of mind, the nature of desires and how, if at all, they motivate and justify our actions. At least since Hume argued that reason "is and of right ought to be the slave of the passions," many philosophers have held that desires play an essential role both in practical reason and in the explanation of intentional action. G.F. Schueler looks at contemporary accounts of both roles in various belief-desire models of reasons and explanation and argues that the usual belief-desire accounts need to be replaced. Schueler contends that the plausibility of the standard belief-desire accounts rests largely on a failure to distinguish "desires proper," like a craving for sushi, from so-called "pro attitudes," which may take the form of beliefs and other cognitive states as well as desires proper. Schueler's "deliberative model" of practical reasoning suggests a different view of the place of desire in practical reason and the explanation of action. He holds that we can arrive at an intention to act by weighing the relevant considerations and that these may not include desires proper at all. A Bradford Book

Reasons in Action

Ingmar Persson
Reasons in Action Book PDF

Author : Ingmar Persson
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2019-09-05
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780198845034

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Reasons in Action by Ingmar Persson Pdf

Ingmar Persson offers an original view of the processes of human action: deliberating on the basis of reasons for and against actions, making a decision about what to do, and from there implementing the decision in action in a way that makes the action intentional. Persson's analysis is mainly developed to suit physical actions, though how it needs to be modified to cover mental acts is also discussed. The interpretation of intentional action that is presented is reductionist in the sense that it does not appeal to any concepts that are distinctive of the domain of action theory, such as a unique type of agent-causation, or irreducible mental acts, like acts of will, volitions, decisions, or tryings. Nor does it appeal to any unanalyzed attitudes or states essentially related to intentional action, like intentions and desires to act. Instead, the intentionality of actions is construed as springing from desires conceived as physical states of agents which cause facts because of the way agents think of them. A sense of our having responsibility that is sufficient for our acting for reasons is also sketched out.

Reasons for Action

David Sobel,Steven Wall
Reasons for Action Book PDF

Author : David Sobel,Steven Wall
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139474399

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Reasons for Action by David Sobel,Steven Wall Pdf

What are our reasons for acting? Morality purports to give us these reasons, and so do norms of prudence and the laws of society. The theory of practical reason assesses the authority of these potentially competing claims, and for this reason philosophers with a wide range of interests have converged on the topic of reasons for action. This volume contains eleven essays on practical reason by leading and emerging philosophers. Topics include the differences between practical and theoretical rationality, practical conditionals and the wide-scope ought, the explanation of action, the sources of reasons, and the relationship between morality and reasons for action. The volume will be essential reading for all philosophers interested in ethics and practical reason.

Reasons for Action and the Law

M.C. Redondo
Reasons for Action and the Law Book PDF

Author : M.C. Redondo
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2013-06-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9789401591416

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Reasons for Action and the Law by M.C. Redondo Pdf

A focus on reasons for action and practical reason is the perspective chosen by many contemporary legal philosophers for the analysis of some central questions of their discipline. This book offers a critical evaluation of that approach, by carefully examining the empirical, logical and normative problems hidden behind the concepts of `reason for action' and `practical reasoning'. Unlike most other works in this field, it is a meta-theoretical study which analyses and compares how different theories use the notion of reason in their reconstruction of problems concerning issues such as normativity, the acceptance of norms, or the justification of judicial decisions. This book is directed primarily to scholars specializing in legal theory and concerned with the contribution practical philosophy can make to it, but it also contains important arguments and insights for all those interested in the controversy between legal positivists and their critics, in the theory of human action or in reason-based practical theories in general.

Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action

Robert Streiffer
Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action Book PDF

Author : Robert Streiffer
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 162 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2020-07-20
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000080254

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Moral Relativism and Reasons for Action by Robert Streiffer Pdf

Originally published in 2003, this book examines moral relativism and the author discusses the main arguments for Appraiser Relativism and Agent Relativism. The final chapter of the book discusses the implication of some recent developments in metaethics and develops a theory of reasons for action based on the way in which an action can be good as an alternative to the desire-based, agent-centred account critiqued in the earlier chapters.

Engaging Reason

Joseph Raz
Engaging Reason Book PDF

Author : Joseph Raz
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 350 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2000-01-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191519383

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Engaging Reason by Joseph Raz Pdf

Engaging Reason offers a penetrating examination of a set of fundamental questions about human thought and action. In these tightly argued and interconnected essays Joseph Raz examines the nature of normativity, reason, and the will; the justification of reason; and the objectivity of value. He argues for the centrality, but also demonstrates the limits, of reason in action and belief. He suggests that our life is most truly our own when our various emotions, hopes, desires, intentions, and actions are guided by reason. He explores the universality of value and of principles of reason on one side, and on the other side their dependence on social practices, and their susceptibility to change and improvement. He concludes with an illuminating explanation of self-interest and its relation to impersonal values in general and to morality in particular. Joseph Raz has been since the 1970s a prominent, original, and widely admired contributor to the study of norms, values, and reasons, not just in philosophy but in political and legal theory. This volume displays the power and unity of his thought on these subjects, and will be essential reading for all who work on them.