Reciprocity And Redistribution In Andean Civilizations

Author : John V. Murra
Publisher : Hau
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Andes Region
ISBN : 0997367555

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Reciprocity and Redistribution in Andean Civilizations by John V. Murra Pdf

John V. Murra's Lewis Henry Morgan Lectures, originally given in 1969, are the only major study of the Andean "avenue towards civilization." Collected and published for the first time here, they offer a powerful and insistent perspective on the Andean region as one of the few places in which a so-called "pristine civilization" developed. Murra sheds light not only on the way civilization was achieved here--which followed a fundamentally different process than that of Mesopotamia and Mesoamerica--he uses that study to shed new light on the general problems of achieving civilization in any world region. Murra intermixes a study of Andean ecology with an exploration of the ideal of economic self-sufficiency, stressing two foundational socioeconomic forces: reciprocity and redistribution. He shows how both enabled Andean communities to realize direct control of a maximum number of vertically ordered ecological floors and the resources they offered. He famously called this arrangement a "vertical archipelago," a revolutionary model that is still examined and debated almost fifty years after it was first presented in these lecture. Written in a crisp and elegant style and inspired by decades of ethnographic fieldwork, this set of lectures is nothing less than a lost classic, and it will be sure to inspire new generations of anthropologists and historians working in South America and beyond.

Author : Ronaldo Munck
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2024-06-02
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9783031543340

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Coloniality of Power and Progressive Politics in Latin America by Ronaldo Munck Pdf

Author : Henry Tantaleán
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-10-13
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781351599108

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The Ancient Andean States by Henry Tantaleán Pdf

The Ancient Andean States combines modern social theory, recent archaeological literature, and the experience of the author to examine politics and power in the great Andean pre-Hispanic societies. The ancient Andean states were the great shapers of Peruvian prehistory. Social complexity, architectural monumentality, and specialized economic production, among others, were features of these sophisticated societies known by professionals and travelers from around the world. How and when these states emerged and succeeded is still debated. By examining Andean pre-Hispanic societies such as Caral, Sechín, Chavín, Moche, Wari, Chimú, and Inca, this book delves into their political and economic structures as well as explores their ideological worldviews. It reveals how these societies were organized and how different social groups interacted in the states. Archaeologists and anthropologists interested in Peruvian archaeology and the political and social structures of ancient societies will find this book to be a valuable addition to their shelves.

Author : Marta P Alfonso-Durruty,Deborah E Blom
Publisher : University of Arizona Press
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2023-04-18
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9780816548699

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Foodways of the Ancient Andes by Marta P Alfonso-Durruty,Deborah E Blom Pdf

"Exploring the multiple social, ecological, cultural, and ontological dimensions of food in the Andean past, this book offers a diverse set of theoretical perspectives and methodological approaches that reveal the richness, sophistication, and ingenuity of Andean peoples. With 44 contributors from 10 countries, the studies presented in this volume employ new analytical methods, integrating different food data and interdisciplinary research to show how food impacts socio-political relationships and ontologies that are otherwise invisible in the archaeological record"--

Author : Juliane Müller
Publisher : Berghahn Books
Page : 317 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2024-02-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781805392644

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Embodying Exchange by Juliane Müller Pdf

Addressing the infrastructural, legal and moral complexities in contemporary world trade, this book uses an ethnographic analysis of the interface of multinational brand manufacturers and popular traders in the Bolivian Andes. It offers a situated account of traders’ understanding of regulatory principles, and traces commercial dynamics beyond the limits of what we define as economic. It aims to humanize our understanding of the economy by grounding it in everyday life and morality.

Author : R. Alan Covey
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 464 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780190299132

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Inca Apocalypse by R. Alan Covey Pdf

A major new history of the Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire, set in a larger global context than previous accounts Previous accounts of the fall of the Inca empire have played up the importance of the events of one violent day in November 1532 at the highland Andean town of Cajamarca. To some, the "Cajamarca miracle"-in which Francisco Pizarro and a small contingent of Spaniards captured an Inca who led an army numbering in the tens of thousands-demonstrated the intervention of divine providence. To others, the outcome was simply the result of European technological and immunological superiority. Inca Apocalypse develops a new perspective on the Spanish invasion and transformation of the Inca realm. Alan Covey's sweeping narrative traces the origins of the Inca and Spanish empires, identifying how Andean and Iberian beliefs about the world's end shaped the collision of the two civilizations. Rather than a decisive victory on the field at Cajamarca, the Spanish conquest was an uncertain, disruptive process that reshaped the worldviews of those on each side of the conflict.. The survivors built colonial Peru, a new society that never forgot the Inca imperial legacy or the enduring supernatural power of the Andean landscape. Covey retells a familiar story of conquest at a larger historical and geographical scale than ever before. This rich new history, based on the latest archaeological and historical evidence, illuminates mysteries that still surround the last days of the largest empire in the pre-Columbian Americas.

Author : PERISIC
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2014-06-28
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781483294674

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Contexts for Prehistoric Exchange by PERISIC Pdf

Contexts for Prehistoric Exchange

Author : Kris Lane
Publisher : University of California Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780520383357

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Potosi by Kris Lane Pdf

"For anyone who wants to learn about the rise and decline of Potosí as a city . . . Lane’s book is the ideal place to begin."—The New York Review of Books In 1545, a native Andean prospector hit pay dirt on a desolate red mountain in highland Bolivia. There followed the world's greatest silver bonanza, making the Cerro Rico or "Rich Hill" and the Imperial Villa of Potosí instant legends, famous from Istanbul to Beijing. The Cerro Rico alone provided over half of the world's silver for a century, and even in decline, it remained the single richest source on earth. Potosí is the first interpretive history of the fabled mining city’s rise and fall. It tells the story of global economic transformation and the environmental and social impact of rampant colonial exploitation from Potosí’s startling emergence in the sixteenth century to its collapse in the nineteenth. Throughout, Kris Lane’s invigorating narrative offers rare details of this thriving city and its promise of prosperity. A new world of native workers, market women, African slaves, and other ordinary residents who lived alongside the elite merchants, refinery owners, wealthy widows, and crown officials, emerge in lively, riveting stories from the original sources. An engrossing depiction of excess and devastation, Potosí reveals the relentless human tradition in boom times and bust.

Author : Basil Descheemaeker,Viviana d’Auria,Ward Verbakel
Publisher : Leuven University Press
Page : 165 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2022-08-21
Category : Architecture
ISBN : 9789462703353

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Urban Andes by Basil Descheemaeker,Viviana d’Auria,Ward Verbakel Pdf

First volume in the new series LAP - aninnovative series on architecture, urbanism, and landscape Climate change in the Andes is affecting the relation between urban development and the landscape. Design-led explorations are reframing landscape logics and urbanization patterns within the Cachi River Basin of Ayacucho, Peru. Urban Andes marks the start of the new series LAP on innovative design research in architecture, urbanism, and landscape. It is the result of a two-year collaboration (2018-2020), initiated by the CCA in cooperation with KU Leuven and various partners, including local organizations and the VLIR-UOS. A co-production of students, researchers and designers, this book suggests alternative futures in the light of climate change in the Andes, crossing scales of landscape systems to new settlement typologies within the Cachi River basin of Ayacucho, Peru.

Author : Dr. Mareike Winchell
Publisher : Univ of California Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-28
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780520386457

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After Servitude by Dr. Mareike Winchell Pdf

How are injurious pasts redeployed by the dispossessed? After Servitude explores how agrarian engineers, Indigenous farmers, Mestizo mining bosses, and rural workers navigate racial hierarchies rooted in histories of forced agrarian labor. In the rural Bolivian province of Ayopaya, where the liberatory promises of property remain elusive, Quechua people address such hierarchies by demanding aid from Mestizo elites and, when that fails, through acts of labor militancy. Against institutional faith in property ownership as a means to detach land from people and present from past, the kin of former masters and servants alike have insisted that ethical debts from earlier racial violence stretch across epochs and formal land sales. What emerges is a vision of justice grounded in popular demands that wealth remain beholden to the region’s agrarian past. By tracing Ayopayans’ active efforts to contend with servitude’s long shadow, Mareike Winchell illuminates the challenges that property confronts as both an extractive paradigm and a means of historical redress.

Author : Javier Puente
Publisher : University of Texas Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2023-01-17
Category : History
ISBN : 9781477326305

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The Rural State by Javier Puente Pdf

On the eve of the twentieth century, Peru seemed like a profitable and yet fairly unexploited country. Both foreign capitalists and local state makers envisioned how remote highland areas were essential to a sustainable national economy. Mobilizing Andean populations lay at the core of this endeavor. In his groundbreaking book, The Rural State, Javier Puente uncovers the surprising and overlooked ways that Peru’s rural communities formed the political nation-state that still exists today. Puente documents how people living in the Peruvian central sierra in the twentieth century confronted emerging and consolidating powers of state and capital and engaged in an ongoing struggle over increasingly elusive subsistence and autonomies. Over the years, policy, politics, and social turmoil shaped the rural, mountainous regions of Peru until violent unrest, perpetrated by the Shining Path and other revolutionary groups, unveiled the extent, limits, and fractures of a century-long process of rural state formation. Examining the conflicts between one rural community and the many iterations of statehood in the central sierra of Peru, The Rural State offers a fresh perspective on how the Andes became la sierra, how pueblos became comunidades, and how indígenas became campesinos.

Author : Michael P Griffiths
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 174 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000767438

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Community Welfare Organisations in Rural Myanmar by Michael P Griffiths Pdf

This book provides an in-depth study of the moral economies emerging from within conditions of precarity in rural communities in contemporary Myanmar. James C. Scott’s seminal work on ‘The Moral Economy of the Peasant’ argued that peasant notions of subsistence and expectations of reciprocity formed the basis for subsequent rebellion as economic conditions changed and new market forces were introduced. Now, nearly a century on, Michael Griffiths argues that the conditions faced by rural communities in Myanmar remain precarious, but different forms of moral economy shape their responses. In the contemporary context, the moral economy of rural communities is characterized by the emergence of localized, self-organized community welfare associations which adopt a sophisticated iteration of self-help framed by the Buddhist concept of parahita (altruism). This book analyses the performative nature of these welfare organizations as a form of politics, asking how notions of citizenship expressed in these organizations promote more inclusive, or more exclusive practices towards non-Buddhist minorities. At a time when discourse on identity in Myanmar has been dominated by practices of othering and exclusion, this book provides an important analysis of what citizenship and reciprocity means in contemporary rural Myanmar. This book is a critical resource for researchers working on rural development and the social sciences in Southeast Asia.

Author : Fernando Calderón,Manuel Castells
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781509540037

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The New Latin America by Fernando Calderón,Manuel Castells Pdf

Latin America has experienced a profound transformation in the first two decades of the 21st century: it has been fully incorporated into the global economy, while excluding regions and populations devalued by the logic of capitalism. Technological modernization has gone hand-in-hand with the reshaping of old identities and the emergence of new ones. The transformation of Latin America has been shaped by social movements and political conflicts. The neoliberal model that dominated the first stage of the transformation induced widespread inequality and poverty, and triggered social explosions that led to its own collapse. A new model, neo-developmentalism, emerged from these crises as national populist movements were elected to government in several countries. The more the state intervened in the economy, the more it became vulnerable to corruption, until the rampant criminal economy came to penetrate state institutions. Upper middle classes defending their privileges and citizens indignant because of corruption of the political elites revolted against the new regimes, undermining the model of neo-developmentalism. In the midst of political disaffection and public despair, new social movements, women, youth, indigenous people, workers, peasants, opened up avenues of hope against the background of darkness invading the continent. This book, written by two leading scholars of Latin America, provides a comprehensive and up-do-date account of the new Latin America that is in the process of taking shape today. It will be an indispensable text for students and scholars in Latin American Studies, sociology, politics and media and communication studies, and anyone interested in Latin America today.

Author : Brian P. Owensby
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 513 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2021-12-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9781503628342

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New World of Gain by Brian P. Owensby Pdf

In the centuries before Europeans crossed the Atlantic, social and material relations among the indigenous Guaraní people of present-day Paraguay were based on reciprocal gift-giving. But the Spanish and Portuguese newcomers who arrived in the sixteenth century seemed interested in the Guaraní only to advance their own interests, either through material exchange or by getting the Guaraní to serve them. This book tells the story of how Europeans felt empowered to pursue individual gain in the New World, and how the Guaraní people confronted this challenge to their very way of being. Although neither Guaraní nor Europeans were positioned to grasp the larger meaning of the moment, their meeting was part of a global sea change in human relations and the nature of economic exchange. Brian P. Owensby uses the centuries-long encounter between Europeans and the indigenous people of South America to reframe the notion of economic gain as a historical development rather than a matter of human nature. Owensby argues that gain—the pursuit of individual, material self-interest—must be understood as a global development that transformed the lives of Europeans and non-Europeans, wherever these two encountered each other in the great European expansion spanning the sixteenth to nineteenth centuries.

Author : Steven Webster
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2023-01-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9783031049729

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Returning to Q'ero by Steven Webster Pdf

In this book, social anthropologist Steven Webster provides an ethnohistory of sustainability among the indigenous Andean community of Hatun Q’ero since the 1960s. He first revisits his detailed ecological research among the remote Q’ero in the high Andes of Southern Peru in 1969–1970 and 1977. At that time, Q'ero was a community comprised of several hamlets in converging valleys based primarily on alpaca herding at about 4,300 meters, and composed of about 400 persons in about 80 families. He then relies on the few ethnographies by other anthropologists to document changes in Hatun Q'ero by 2020 , spanning 1980-90s when the nation was immersed in agrarian reform followed by virtual civil war between Maoist guerrillas, the government, and the highland peasantry. Through all of these ideological and political-economic developments the sustainability of Q'ero as an integral ecological and social community as well as a famously Incaic cultural tradition becomes a global as well as national issue. This book argues that while the commercial expansion of ceremonial and shamanist tourism can be seen as extractivist similar to industrial mining, the assertive form of independence characteristic of the Q'eros appears to remain sustainable in the face of both these extractive threats. While the Q'ero community is internally reinforced by their reciprocal relationship with the same non-human forces these forms of extraction seek to exploit, they are externally reinforced by the global as well as national rise of indigeneity movements. Ironically, given the moral force developed in some aspects of shamanist tourism, it can even be argued that it supports environmental sustainability against climate change, globally as well as in Q'ero. This book analyzes the increasing importance of indigeneity in the national politics of Peru as well as the other Andean nations in the last few decades, but it remains to set this form of identity politics in its wider “intersectional” context of social class and ethnic conflict in the Andes.