Reconsidering Abrogation In Islam

Author : Leslie Terebessy
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798503416244

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Reconsidering Abrogation in Islam by Leslie Terebessy Pdf

The renewal of Islamic civilisation requires the rehabilitation of knowledge. For the Muslim way of life is based on the knowledge of the Muslim way of life. If that knowledge is corrupted, the way of life based on that knowledge will also be tainted. Faced with the necessity to acquire present-day knowledge, Muslims recommend the Islamization of knowledge. However, what is required is the rehabilitation rather than the Islamization of knowledge. Islam was revealed to be adopted by people. An abstract formula cannot become a Muslim. Recourse to the teaching of abrogation resulted in a corruption of the knowledge of revelation. Hence, the theory of abrogation requires rethinking. The theory of abrogation is controversial, and with reason. For the application of this theory has enabled tampering with the teaching of revelation. There is a tendency to assert that the former revelations were corrupted, and that Islam escaped the bane of corruption. What is missed is that even if the text of revelation remains unchanged, its knowledge may still be corrupted. This is what appears to have transpired, when a few verses of the Quran were pronounced "abrogated." To declare a verse of revelation to be abrogated is to ask believers to reject a part of revelation, to ask believers to disbelieve in parts of revelation. Is a request of this kind in keeping with the teaching of revelation? Many jurists rejected abrogation. These encompass Fazlur Rahman, Muhammad Asad, Muhammad 'Abduh, Rashid Rida, and Muhammad Ghazali. Abu Muslim al Isfahani also rejected the theory of abrogation. The theory of abrogation was adopted to enable an articulation of Islam to justify expeditions to enlarge the "realm of peace" at the expense of the "realm of war," an early variant of the "clash of civilizations" thesis. The concept of abrogation was adopted to re-interpret Islam in a manner that would justify building an empire. The teaching of abrogation achieved a political purpose: it facilitated the emergence of "political Islam." Unfortunately, the application of abrogation tainted the knowledge of revelation. This had adverse effects on the Muslim empire. That exegetes agreed to the utilisation of the theory of abrogation in the first place, to put themselves at the service of a political agenda, is regrettable. It reveals the plateau which exegesis reached by allowing itself to be used for political ends. It betrays its endorsement of the political authorities of the day. The theory of abrogation became entrenched after rule of the Mu'tazilites (813 to 849). With the emergence of the prophetic traditions, Islam became "traditional," based on tradition and revelation. The abrogation of the peace verses by the ayah as-sayf transformed the knowledge of revelation. It transformed the religion of peace into a rationale for empire-building in the "clash" between the "the realm of peace" at the expense of the "realm of war," a process fuelled by political aspiration. The effects of the alteration of the knowledge of revelation are apparent in penal law, where penalties from traditions replaced those prescribed by revelation. The penalties in the traditions flouted the penalties prescribed by revelation. The words of persons "abrogated" the rulings of God. The application of abrogation by tradition flouted of a fundamental rule of jurisprudence, which is that revelation is the chief authority that may not be abrogated by an alternative authority. The renewal of Islam requires the rehabilitation of knowledge, in particular, the knowledge of revelation. Hence, what is required is a rehabilitation rather than the Islamization of knowledge. This requires the engagement of reason. For revelation was "eclipsed" by tradition, facilitated by the teaching of abrogation. Exegesis requires freeing from unwarranted accretions and problematic procedures. The rehabilitation of exegesis, however, requires the utilisation and therefore the rehabilitation of reason.

Author : Louay Fatoohi
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780415631983

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Abrogation in the Qurʼan and Islamic Law by Louay Fatoohi Pdf

This volume traces the development of abrogation from its most basic form to the complex and multi-faceted doctrine it has become. The book shows what specific problems the three modes of abrogation were introduced to solve, and how this concept has shaped Islamic law. The book also critiques the role of abrogation in rationalizing the view that not all of the Qur'anic revelation has survived in the "mushaf", or the written record of the Qur'an.

Author : Louay Fatoohi
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Islamic law
ISBN : 9670526027

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Abrogation in the Qur'an and Islamic Law by Louay Fatoohi Pdf

Author : Gregory A. Lipton
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-02
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9780190684525

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Rethinking Ibn 'Arabi by Gregory A. Lipton Pdf

The thirteenth century mystic Ibn `Arabi was the foremost Sufi theorist of the premodern era. For more than a century, Western scholars and esotericists have heralded his universalism, arguing that he saw all contemporaneous religions as equally valid. In Rethinking Ibn `Arabi, Gregory Lipton calls this image into question and throws into relief how Ibn `Arabi's discourse is inseparably intertwined with the absolutist vision of his own religious milieu--that is, the triumphant claim that Islam fulfilled, superseded, and therefore abrogated all previous revealed religions. Lipton juxtaposes Ibn `Arabi's absolutist conception with the later reception of his ideas, exploring how they have been read, appropriated, and universalized within the reigning interpretive field of Perennial Philosophy in the study of Sufism. The contours that surface through this comparative analysis trace the discursive practices that inform Ibn `Arabi's Western reception back to the eighteenth and nineteenth century study of "authentic" religion, where European ethno-racial superiority was wielded against the Semitic Other-both Jewish and Muslim. Lipton argues that supersessionist models of exclusivism are buried under contemporary Western constructions of religious authenticity in ways that ironically mirror Ibn `Arabi's medieval absolutism.

Author : Asghar Ali Engineer
Publisher : UN
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Religion
ISBN : UOM:39015041637573

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Rethinking Issues in Islam by Asghar Ali Engineer Pdf

The book considers some of the stereotypes regarding Islamic and Quranic injunctions and re-examines them in the light of verses from the Quran and the Sharia. Some of these are Islamic views on non-muslim communities, tolerance, family planning, etc.

Author : Leslie Terebessy
Publisher : Independently Published
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2023-01-14
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9798373722872

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Revisiting the Analytical Paradigm of Islam by Leslie Terebessy Pdf

Islam is a monotheistic religion, part of the Abrahamic faiths. However, its teaching was altered by militant exegesis. With the replacement of the peace verses by the verse of the sword by militant exegetes, the religion of reconciliation, as Abu Bakar al-Baghdadi, the chief of the defunct ISIS put it, became a "religion of war." How could this happen? Traditional Islam is defined by "tradition." Tradition is defined by the ulema, at times acting under political pressure. Believers are expected by traditionists to perceive revelation through tradition. We are expected to follow the ways of the forefathers. But did the forefathers always follow the Book of Allah faithfully? Or did they depart from it from time to time? Does tradition always faithfully reflect and follow revelation? Moreover, the Book of Allah advises against following the forefathers. They might not have gotten everything right. They may have gotten a few things wrong. If we follow their errors, we could also fall into error. Who guides better than Allah? Traditional Islam encompasses revelation, the prophetic traditions and the work of the ulema. A few acknowledge a role for reason. It is wise to differentiate between the four, traditionally the four chief "roots" of the sharia, as failing to differentiate them could result in "conflating" them. Establishing and retaining key differences is an integral part of reliable analysis. However, there are irregularities in the traditional paradigm of analysis. For the traditional exegesis produced a flawed rendition of Islam. The treatment of tradition as revelation, for example, is problematic. Chief aberrations encompass the disparagement of reason, the treatment of tradition as revelation, the subordination of revelation to tradition and the teaching of abrogation. The disparagement of reason encouraged refraining from using of reason. This transpired the Book of Allah endorsing the use of reason, notwithstanding. Refraining from the use of reason reduced the knowledge of revelation. The misunderstanding of revelation rendered revelation harder to follow. In desperation, Muslims turned from revelation - which they could not understand due to the prohibition of the use of reason - to tradition, in the expectation of finding better guidance therein. The treatment of tradition as revelation triggered a re-orientation from revelation and its partial replacement by tradition. Recourse to abrogation enabled re-inventing Islam - the religion of reconciliation par excellence - as a religion of war. Achieving renewal entails recovering and practicing the true teaching of Islam. To recover the true teaching of Islam requires the rehabilitation and re-engagement of reason, affirming the preeminence of revelation in relation to tradition, a desacralisation of tradition, and a rejection of the teaching of abrogation. Muslims face a plethora of problems. Prominent is a deficit in the knowledge of religion. The ability to interact with the community, whether at the regional or global level is also among them. At the core of these problems is the corruption of knowledge. For knowledge was tainted by flawed exegesis, traditional as well as Islamist. Muslims experiencing difficulties in relating to non-Muslims as well as to each other because the knowledge of their religion is eluding them. It is eluding them because, as taught by tradition, they refrain from recourse to reason to understand religion. Rather than use reason to understand and follow revelation, they were persuaded by traditional ulema to follow traditions, uttered and transmitted by persons, rather than the Book of Allah. Traditionists justify the turn from revelation to tradition by presenting what is essentially hearsay as "revelation." These traditions are presented to us as "supplementary and explanatory revelation," as if Allah did not explain with sufficient clarity.

Author : Abdullahi Ahmed An Na'im
Publisher : Syracuse University Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-01-31
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780815650454

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Toward an Islamic Reformation by Abdullahi Ahmed An Na'im Pdf

Toward an Islamic Reformation is an ambitious attempt to modernize Islamic law, calling for reform of the historical formulations of Islamic law, commonly known as Shari'a that is perceived by many Muslims to be part of the Islamic faith. As a Muslim, Abdullahi Ahmed An-Na'im is sensitive to and appreciative of the delicate relationship between Islam as a religion and Islamic law. Nevertheless, he considers that the questions raised here must be resolved if the public law of Islam is to be implemented today. An-Na'im draws upon the teachings and writings of Sudanese reformer Mahmoud Mohamed Taha to provide what some have called the intellectual foundations for a total reinterpretation of the nature and meaning of Islamic public law.

Author : John Burton
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Religion
ISBN : UOM:39015018925860

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The Sources of Islamic Law by John Burton Pdf

Islamic law never achieved unity but developed into five surviving schools, which, when first established, were in competition with one another. This scholarly book is the first to examine critically the differing Islamic theories of abrogation (or Naskh) upon which each school based its claim to be the correct interpretation.

Author : David R. Vishanoff
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2022-03-01
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781647920593

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Islamic Legal Theory: A Critical Introduction by David R. Vishanoff Pdf

David Vishanoff’s thorough and original unpacking of the Sunnī jurist al-Juwaynī’s (1028–1085) Kitāb al-Waraqāt fī uṣūl al-fiqh introduces English-speaking readers to the main concepts, terms, principles, and functions of the classical Islamic discipline of legal theory. This volume offers an ideal entry to the otherwise dense and complex mainstream Sunnī views that dominated Islamic legal thought in al-Juwaynī’s day—and that are still widely accepted today. A critical edition of al-Juwaynī’s Arabic text is also included.

Author : Naṣr Ḥāmid Abū Zayd
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Religion
ISBN : UOM:39015080867826

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Rethinking the Qur'an by Naṣr Ḥāmid Abū Zayd Pdf

Since the reign of the Abassid Caliph at Baghdad al-Mutawakil (847-861) more than eleven centuries ago, the discussion about the nature of the Qur'an has been blocked in favour of the Orthodox view that it is the exclusive verbatim Word of God. The human dimension, which includes the language as well as the recipient, is almost absent. This book aims to reopen the debate by rereading the classical material and addressing the present situation of Muslims in the context of the challenges of modernity. The basic question is whether or not Muslims can modernize their societies without disregarding their own belief. The implicit answer is that this is indeed possible once the human dimension of the Qur'an is regarded. So far, Muslims have only been able to rethink Tradition while the question of the Qur'an is untouched. Those who dared to open the question were condemned as heretics, and some of them were executed. Nasr Abu Zayd, Ibn Rushd Professor at the University for Humanistics (Netherlands), delves into the academic adventure of reopening the debate that has been blocked for so long."

Author : Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad,John L. Esposito
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Gender identity
ISBN : 9780195113570

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Islam, Gender, & Social Change by Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad,John L. Esposito Pdf

The essays collected in this book place this issue in its historical context and offer case studies of Muslim societies from North Africa to Southeast Asia. These fascinating studies shed light on the impact of the Islamic resurgence on gender issues in Iran, Egypt, Jordan, Pakistan, Oman, Bahrain, the Philippines, and Kuwait. Taken together, the essays reveal the wide variety that exists among Muslim societies and believers, and the complexity of the issues under consideration.

Author : Hilary Lim
Publisher : Zed Books Ltd.
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-18
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781848137202

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Land, Law and Islam by Hilary Lim Pdf

In this pioneering work Siraj Sait and Hilary Lim address Islamic property and land rights, drawing on a range of socio-historical, classical and contemporary resources. They address the significance of Islamic theories of property and Islamic land tenure regimes on the 'webs of tenure' prevalent in the Muslim societies. They consider the possibility of using Islamic legal and human rights systems for the development of inclusive, pro-poor approaches to land rights. They also focus on Muslim women's rights to property and inheritance systems. Engaging with institutions such as the Islamic endowment (waqf) and principles of Islamic microfinance, they test the workability of 'authentic' Islamic proposals. Located in human rights as well as Islamic debates, this study offers a well researched and constructive appraisal of property and land rights in the Muslim world.

Author : Martin Whittingham
Publisher : Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-23
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9783110335880

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A History of Muslim Views of the Bible by Martin Whittingham Pdf

This book is the first of two volumes that aim to produce something not previously attempted: a synthetic history of Muslim responses to the Bible, stretching from the rise of Islam to the present day. It combines scholarship with a genuine narrative, so as to tell the story of Muslim engagement with the Bible. Covering Sunnī, Imāmī Shī'ī and Ismā'īlī perspectives, this study will offer a scholarly overview of three areas of Muslim response, namely ideas of corruption, use of the Biblical text, and abrogation of the text. For each period of history, the important figures and dominant trends, along with exceptions, are identified. The interplay between using and criticising the Bible is explored, as well as how the respective emphasis on these two approaches rises and falls in different periods and locations. The study critically engages with existing scholarship, scrutinizing received views on the subject, and shedding light on an important area of interfaith concern.

Author : David Solomon Jalajel
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-11-10
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781317302742

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Women and Leadership in Islamic Law by David Solomon Jalajel Pdf

Islamic law has traditionally prohibited women from being prayer leaders and heads of state. A small number of Muslims today are beginning to challenge this stance, but they face considerable opposition from the broader Muslim community. ‘Women and Leadership in Islamic Law’ examines the assumption within much existing feminist scholarship that the patriarchal nature of pre-Islamic and early Muslim Near Eastern Society is the primary reason for the development of Islamic legal rulings prohibiting women from leadership positions. It claims that the evolution of Islamic law was a complex process, shaped by numerous cultural, historical, political and social factors, as well as scriptural sources whose importance cannot be dismissed. Therefore, the book critically examines a broad survey of legal works from the four canonical Sunni schools of law to determine the factors that influenced the development of the legal rulings prohibiting women from assuming various leadership roles. The passages that elaborate rulings about women’s leadership are presented in translation as an appendix to the research, and are then subjected to a variety of critical analyses to identify the reasons, influences, and assumptions underlying those rulings. This is the first time works of all four schools of law have been subjected to this kind of analysis for the express purpose of determining the extent to which gender attitudes have influenced and determined the rulings. This book will therefore be a vital resource for students and scholars of Islamic Studies, Religious Studies and Gender Studies.

Author : Garry Wills
Publisher : Penguin
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2017-10-03
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781101981030

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What the Qur'an Meant by Garry Wills Pdf

America’s leading religious scholar and public intellectual introduces lay readers to the Qur’an with a measured, powerful reading of the ancient text Garry Wills has spent a lifetime thinking and writing about Christianity. In What the Qur’an Meant, Wills invites readers to join him as he embarks on a timely and necessary reconsideration of the Qur’an, leading us through perplexing passages with insight and erudition. What does the Qur’an actually say about veiling women? Does it justify religious war? There was a time when ordinary Americans did not have to know much about Islam. That is no longer the case. We blundered into the longest war in our history without knowing basic facts about the Islamic civilization with which we were dealing. We are constantly fed false information about Islam—claims that it is essentially a religion of violence, that its sacred book is a handbook for terrorists. There is no way to assess these claims unless we have at least some knowledge of the Qur’an. In this book Wills, as a non-Muslim with an open mind, reads the Qur’an with sympathy but with rigor, trying to discover why other non-Muslims—such as Pope Francis—find it an inspiring book, worthy to guide people down through the centuries. There are many traditions that add to and distort and blunt the actual words of the text. What Wills does resembles the work of art restorers who clean away accumulated layers of dust to find the original meaning. He compares the Qur’an with other sacred books, the Old Testament and the New Testament, to show many parallels between them. There are also parallel difficulties of interpretation, which call for patient exploration—and which offer some thrills of discovery. What the Qur’an Meant is the opening of a conversation on one of the world’s most practiced religions.