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Referees in Sports Contests by Cedric Duvinage Pdf
The constantly growing number of arising referee corruption cases as well as their damage to the integrity of the sports society raises the question of why sports associations started availing themselves of referees as an instrument of contest design in the first place? Cedric Duvinage shows that economic theory allows to develop a deeper understanding of the role of a referee in a contest as well as of the danger of sports corruption by considering a referee’s influence on the competitors’ strategies in a contest. These insights provide the basis for efficient anti-corruption policies as well as their urgent implementation resulting from the current legal ambiguity regarding the prosecution of sports corruption in Germany.
Sports Officials and Officiating by Clare MacMahon,Duncan Mascarenhas,Henning Plessner,Alexandra Pizzera,Raôul Oudejans,Markus Raab Pdf
Sports officials (umpires, referees, judges) play a vital role in every sport, and sports governing bodies, fans, and players now expect officials to maintain higher professional standards than ever before. In this ground-breaking book, a team of leading international sport scientists and top level officials have come together to examine, for the first time, the science and practice of officiating in sport, helping us to better understand the skills, techniques and physical requirements of successful refereeing. The book covers every key component of the official’s role, including: Training and career development Fitness and physical preparation Visual processing Judgement and decision-making Communication and game management Psychological demands and skills Using technology Performance evaluation Researching and studying officials in sport Top-level officials or officiating managers contribute in the ‘Official’s Call’ sections, reflecting on their experiences in real in-game situations across a wide range of international sports, and on how a better understanding of science and technique can help improve professional practice. No other book has attempted to combine leading edge contemporary sport science with the realities of match officiating in this way, and therefore this book is vital reading for any advanced student of sport science, sport coaching or sport development, or any practising official or sports administrator looking to raise their professional standards.
Sport Officiating by Lori Livingston,Susan L. Forbes,Nick Wattie,Ian Cunningham Pdf
Sport officials are tasked with maintaining order and adjudicating sport contests. Given their multifaceted role in enforcing rules, standardizing competitions, and keeping sport safe for all participants, they are a requisite part of the sport workforce. With ongoing reports of annual attrition rates in officiating in excess of 20-35% for various sports around the world, there is more than ample evidence that officiating dropout is a persistent, pervasive, and global challenge underpinned by multiple contributing factors including, but not limited to, the threat of verbal and physical abuse. Moreover, despite worldwide recognition and growing interest in the problem, there has not been a comprehensive resource for sport scientists and practitioners studying or working to reverse the ongoing trend. Sport Officiating: Recruitment, Development, and Retention provides a ‘state of the science’ summary in the emerging area of inquiry limited to sport officiating recruitment, development, and retention, and, provides insight and evidence-based approaches to the development of successful officiating development programs (ODP). This book is a primary reference work using a multifaceted, holistic, and evidence-based approach to integrate key findings from the sport science literature to date in suggesting and providing real-world solutions to the practical issues faced by sport organizers. Sport Officiating: Recruitment, Development, and Retention is a key resource for researchers interested in the development of sport officials and for sport practitioners aiming to implement officiating development programs (ODP) at any level within sport systems.
Violence and Aggression in Sporting Contests by R. Todd Jewell Pdf
Sporting contests have provided mass entertainment throughout history, and today generate revenues of approximately $200 billion annually in the US alone. Like in the entertainment industry, the modern sports industry’s revenues are based on the entertainment value of output and more entertaining sporting contests imply greater game-day attendance, television revenues and sales of merchandise. Research by economists has attempted to understand and explain behavior as it relates to sporting contests, showing that standard microeconomic theory used to explain consumer and producer behavior can also be applied to the behavior of fans, team owners, league executives and players. One commonality among many ancient and modern sports is the existence of violence and aggression in contests. Compare, for example, a modern NASCAR race with a Roman chariot race: Only the technology has changed. From the perspective of an economist, violence in sporting contests is an outcome of the forces of supply and demand, and the phenomenon exists because fans respond to it. Spectator preferences for violence bid up the monetary return to this behavior, and the rational response is a more violent or aggressive output. The optimum level of violent or aggressive play in sporting contests is an empirical issue and this book contains chapters on violence and aggression in sports, concentrating on the reasons for the existence and persistence of such behavior. Following a chapter devoted to the history of violence and aggression in sports, subsequent chapters are designed to cover the breadth of international professional sports including American football, soccer, ice hockey, basketball, baseball, auto racing, and fighting sports. Each chapter will contain econometric analysis of violence and aggressive play in a given sport. The individual chapters will examine whether or not a given sports league or governing body should intervene to reduce violence, and where intervention is warranted, extent of appropriate interventions is evaluated. In addition to academics and students concerned with the economics and history of sport, the book’s emphasis on policies at the league and governing-body levels means this book will also be of interest representatives of those institutions. .
Sports Culture examines individual issues people, artefacts, events and organizations in their historical, social and cultural contexts. Coverage is wide-ranging with more than 170 entries.
International Taxation Law in Sports Events by Alara Efsun Yazıcıoğlu Pdf
This book is the first academic contribution that deals with international taxation of income sources from sports events. Using an interdisciplinary approach, with in-depth analysis of both sports law and international tax law, it is notably the first academic work to conduct a thorough analysis in the fields of international taxation of eSports, sports betting as well as illegal/unlawful income sources that may be obtained in relation to a sporting event, such as kickback payments. After describing the general methodologies of income tax and VAT from an international standpoint, defining key terms such as ‘eSports’ and ‘bidding procedure’, the book examines in detail the taxation of the services that are rendered and the goods that are sold, thereby the income obtained, in relation to an international sports event from both income tax and VAT perspectives. Also analysed are government funding in the sports sector, along with its taxation modalities, as well as specific tax exemption regulations enacted for the purposes of mega sporting events. Highlighting the absence of an acceptable level of certainty in the field of taxation of international sports events, the work makes pertinent suggestions as to the future of international sporting event taxation law. With international appeal, this comprehensive book constitutes essential reading for tax and sports law scholars.
Psychology of Officiating by Robert Stephen Weinberg,Peggy A. Richardson Pdf
This book is devoted solely to the mental aspects of officiating, applicable to any sport. This book aims to help one learn to officiate at one's psychological optimum from preseason to postseason.
Combinatorial Models for Scheduling Sports Tournaments by Celso C. Ribeiro,Sebastián Urrutia,Dominique de Werra Pdf
This book introduces solutions for sports scheduling problems in a variety of settings. In particular the book covers timetabling, the traveling tournament problem, carryover minimization, breaks minimization, tournament design, tournament planning, and referee assignment. A rich selection of applications to sports such as football, baseball, basketball, cricket or hockey are employed to illustrate the methods and techniques. In a step-by-step tutorial format the book describes the use of graph theory concepts, local search operators and integer programming in the context of sports scheduling. The methods presented in this book are essential to sports scheduling in all its dimensions, from tournaments that are followed by millions of people across the world, with broadcast rights that amount to hundreds of millions of dollars in some competitions, to amateur leagues that require coordination and logistical efforts due to the large number of tournaments and competitors.
Encyclopedia of Sport Management by Pedersen, Paul M. Pdf
Bringing together preeminent international researchers, emerging scholars and practitioners, Paul M. Pedersen presents the comprehensive Encyclopedia of Sport Management, offering detailed entries for the critical concepts and topics in the field.
The Unlevel Playing Field by Patrick B. Miller Pdf
A comprehensive study of black participation in sports since slavery reveals a checkered history of prejudice and cultural bias that have plagued American sports from the beginning.
Athletic Administration for College, High School, Youth, and Club Sport by Dina Gentile Pdf
The ideal text for many courses offered within the Sport Management curriculum, Athletic Administration for College, High School, Youth and Club Sport incorporates the analysis of prominent issues that administratiors are challenged to resolve in their specific sport setting. Students looking for careers outside of professional sports will learn from both the content supplied throughout the text, and through the highlighted practical case studies. Topics covered include: Role of Athletic Administrators, Facility Management, Fundraising, Risk Management, Staff Management, and more.
Encyclopedia of Sports Management and Marketing by Linda E. Swayne,Mark Dodds Pdf
This four-volume set introduces, on the management side, principles and procedures of economics, budgeting and finance; leadership; governance; communication; business law and ethics; and human resources practices; all in the sports context. On the marketing side this reference resource explores two broad streams: marketing of sport and of sport-related products (promoting a particular team or selling team- and sport-related merchandise, for example), and using sports as a platform for marketing non-sports products, such as celebrity endorsements of a particular brand of watch or the corporate sponsorship of a tennis tournament. Together, these four volumes offer a comprehensive and authoritative overview of the state of sports management and marketing today, providing an invaluable print or online resource for student researchers.
The Use of Video Technologies in Refereeing Football and Other Sports by Manuel Armenteros,Anto J. Benitez,Miguel Ángel Betancor Pdf
For a long time, various different lobbying sectors have claimed that the use of video technology is an effective aid in decision-making. Now the IFAB has taken a historic step in the approval of experiments on the use of video to provide support to football refereeing. The Use of Video Technologies in Refereeing Football and Other Sports analyses the capacity of audio-visual technology from different perspectives to help understand the best implementation of the Video Assistant Referee (VAR) system in football and, more generally, in other sports. This book addresses in-depth interdisciplinary viewpoints on the need and the opportunity of the implementation procedures regarding how to use it, considering that it could lead to very important changes. The book goes on to examine various approaches to the most interesting topics for players, amateurs, coaches, referees and referees coaches. Offering viewpoints from both academics and professionals, this new volume addresses the VAR issue in a multidisciplinary way, analysing the implications of video replay application in football from the perspective of players, coaches, television professionals, referees, amateurs, sports lawyers, media and educators.