Report Of The Commission To Inquire Into The Expediency Of Revising And Amending The Laws Of The Commonwealth Relating To Taxation October 1897
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Massachusetts. Commission appointed to inquire into the Expediency of revising and amending the laws of the commonwealth relating to taxation
Author : Massachusetts. Commission appointed to inquire into the Expediency of revising and amending the laws of the commonwealth relating to taxation Publisher : Unknown Page : 344 pages File Size : 46,7 Mb Release : 1897 Category : Taxation ISBN : UIUC:30112107029362
Report of the Commission to Inquire Into the Expediency of Revising and Amending the Laws of the Commonwealth Relating to Taxation, October 1897 by Massachusetts. Commission appointed to inquire into the Expediency of revising and amending the laws of the commonwealth relating to taxation Pdf
Report of the Commission Appointed to Inquire Into the Expediency of Revising and Amending the Laws of the Commonwealth Relating to Taxation by Massachusetts. Commission on Taxation, 1896-1897 Pdf
Report of the Commission Appointed to Inquire Into the Expediency of Revising and Amending the Laws of the Commonwealth Relating to Taxation by James Robert Dunbar,1. Massachusetts Commission on Taxation Pdf
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Report of the Commission Appointed to Inquire Into the Expediency of Revising and Amending the Laws of the Commonwealth Relating to Taxation by Massachusetts. Commission on Taxation, 1896-1897 Pdf
The Money Machines by Clifton K. Yearley,Professor Clifton K Yearley Pdf
The Money Machines advances the provocative thesis that the mechanisms for financing state and local government in the Northern United States from 1860 to 1920 were deeply enmeshed with those financing the extralegal--often illegal--activities of the major political parties, complicating reform or change mandated by the post-Civil War breakdown of the North's legal fiscal machinery. Few reformers then recognized the interdependence of government and the party money machines; fewer still acknowledged the effectiveness or social value of the extralegal machines. On the contrary, basic fiscal reform in this period was characterized by attempts to exorcise "politics" in any form, which in turn provoked counteraction from politicians whose organizations had the same need for efficient, reliable revenue systems as did governments. Dr. Yearley demonstrates the failure of the established legal money machines to cope with the demands of postwar governments facing industrialization and urbanization. He characterizes the revolt of old and new middle classes against fiscal inequity and inefficiency and shows how much of the North's new wealth escaped taxation altogether while much of its old wealth similarly went into hiding. Because of its forbidding complexities, tax reform was sustained by a small group of experts from the middle class, whose sincerity and competence were unquestionable, but whose reformism evidenced the peculiar views and prejudices of their class. Here, therefore, the graft-grabbing politician is presented in a fresh light. In his efforts to maintain his sources of revenue and power, he emerges as a vital instrument of mass democracy, of the new politics of the ever-growing urban lower classes as well as their principal source of government welfare or support. The author reevaluates the Gilded Age politician in several important ways, principally regarding his power relationship to the business communities and his ability to perform his job well despite middle class disdain and continual allegations of fraud and incompetence. Further, Dr. Yearley shows that often politicians were ahead of reformers in their fiscal thinking in recognizing and utilizing taxation of income rather than of property. The volume considers in some depth several individual reformers, revealing them to be, among other things, prototypes of present academic experts used by government to manage problems too complex for laymen. The book then proceeds to explain essential changes made in local fiscal systems and which of these were to be the most effective, explanations that are of particular interest in view of the continuing crises in state and local financing today.
Author : United States. Bureau of the Census Publisher : Unknown Page : 1252 pages File Size : 49,5 Mb Release : 1907 Category : Finance ISBN : UIUC:30112101921267
The Correspondence of Alfred Marshall, Economist by Alfred Marshall,Royal Economic Society (Great Britain) Pdf
This is the second of a three-volume work constituting a comprehensive, scholarly edition of the correspondence of the English economist, Alfred Marshall (1842-1924), one of the leading figures in the development of economics and the founder of the Cambridge School of Economics. The edition fills a long-standing gap in the history of economic thought with hitherto unpublished material. Students will find it a basic resource for understanding the development of economics and other social sciences in the period since 1870. In particular, it provides much new information about Marshall's views on economic, social and political issues, his struggles to promote the teaching of economics at the University of Cambridge, and his relations with colleagues in Cambridge and elsewhere. Marshall's letters are notable for their frankness and spontaneity.
Author : Massachusetts. Department of the State Auditor Publisher : Unknown Page : 786 pages File Size : 51,7 Mb Release : 1898 Category : Finance, Public ISBN : STANFORD:36105126695167
Property-tax Exemption for Charities by Evelyn Brody Pdf
Contributors in municipal studies, law, and philanthropic studies discuss property-tax exemption for charities and how public perception on property-owning charities differs from reality. They survey the legal and political landscape of property-tax exemption for nonprofit organizations, examine the development of the current structure of nonprofit property-tax exemption and its legal rationales, and assess mechanisms adopted by local municipalities to offset some of the revenue lost because of exempt properties. Material originated at the December 1997 26th Annual Conference of the Association for Research on Nonprofit Organizations and Voluntary Action. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR.