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Author : David P. Gauthier,Université du Québec à Montréal. Groupe de recherche en épistémologie comparée
Publisher : [Montréal] : Groupe de recherche en épistémologie comparée, Université du Québec à Montréal
Page : 33 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 2894490275
Author : David Gauthier
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192654700
For several decades, David Gauthier has been one of the leading philosophers working on practical rationality and deliberation. This book presents a selection of Gauthier's writings on these topics, all but two of which were written after Morals by Agreement (OUP, 1986). They represent Gauthier's most important contributions to the theory of practical reason, moving some distance from the view a first presented in "Reason and Maximization" and developed in a much-reprinted chapter of Morals by Agreement. These essays challenge common misconceptions of Gauthier's revisionist conception of practical rationality, and provide important insights with implications for economic theory.
Author : David Gauthier
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192842992
For several decades, David Gauthier has been one of the leading philosophers working on practical rationality and deliberation. This book presents a selection of Gauthier's writings on these topics, all but two of which were written after Morals by Agreement (OUP, 1986). They represent Gauthier's most important contributions to the theory of practical reason, moving some distance from the view a first presented in Reason and Maximization and developed in a much-reprinted chapter of Morals by Agreement. These essays challenge common misconceptions of Gauthier's revisionist conception of practical rationality, and provide important insights with implications for economic theory.
Author : Bruno Verbeek
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing, Ltd.
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2008
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0754660044
Reasons and Intentions addresses a central issue in contemporary action theory and moral psychology: the relation between the intention to act and the reasons for action. Specially commissioned essays by leading scholars in the field address this question and its implications for our thinking about rationality and moral agency. This book is a valuable state-of-the-art resource and will be of great interest to graduate students and researchers working in the field.
Author : José Luis Bermúdez
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 199 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2009-02-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191567728
The concept of rationality is a common thread through the human and social sciences — from political science to philosophy, from economics to sociology, and from management science to decision analysis. But what counts as rational action and rational behavior? José Luis Bermúdez explores decision theory as a theory of rationality. Decision theory is the mathematical theory of choice and for many social scientists it makes the concept of rationality mathematically tractable and scientifically legitimate. Yet rationality is a concept with several dimensions and the theory of rationality has different roles to play. It plays an action-guiding role (prescribing what counts as a rational solution of a given decision problem). It plays a normative role (giving us the tools to pass judgment not just on how a decision problem was solved, but also on how it was set up in the first place). And it plays a predictive/explanatory role (telling us how rational agents will behave, or why they did what they did). This controversial but accessible book shows that decision theory cannot play all of these roles simultaneously. And yet, it argues, no theory of rationality can play one role without playing the other two. The conclusion is that there is no hope of taking decision theory as a theory of rationality.
Author : José Luis Bermúdez
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 281 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-12-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781108420099
A distinguished group of philosophers, decision theorists, and psychologists offer new interdisciplinary perspectives on the rationality of self-control.
Author : David P. Gauthier
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 0191925616
This edited volume presents a selection of Gauthier's writings on practical rationality and deliberation. The chapters develop and clarify Gauthier's theory of practical rationality, and draw out insights relevant to economic theory.
Author : Fabienne Peter,Hans Bernhard Schmid
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2007-12-13
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191558306
Rational choice theory forms the core of the economic approach to human behaviour. It is also the most influential philosophical account of practical rationality. Yet there are persistent controversies about the scope of rational choice theory in philosophy and, increasingly, in economics as well. A leading critic is the philosopher and Nobel Laureate economist Amartya Sen, who put forward a trenchant critique of rational choice theory in his seminal paper 'Rational Fools'. Sen emphasizes the importance of commitment - those aspects of human behavior which dispose individuals to co-operate, follow norms, and identify with others. He argues that rational choice theory cannot accommodate commitment, and demands a more adequate account of rationality. The question of how to account for the rationality of commitment is very much an open issue and, if anything, even more pressing today than when Sen first raised it. In Rationality and Commitment, thirteen leading philosophers and economists discuss Sen's claims and propose their own answers to the question of how to account for the rationality of committed action. The volume concludes with a specially-written reply by Sen, in which he responds to his critics and provides a rich commentary on the preceding essays.
Author : John R. Searle
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 324 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2003-01-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0262250616
The study of rationality and practical reason, or rationality in action, has been central to Western intellectual culture. In this invigorating book, John Searle lays out six claims of what he calls the Classical Model of rationality and shows why they are false. He then presents an alternative theory of the role of rationality in thought and action. A central point of Searle's theory is that only irrational actions are directly caused by beliefs and desires—for example, the actions of a person in the grip of an obsession or addiction. In most cases of rational action, there is a gap between the motivating desire and the actual decision making. The traditional name for this gap is "freedom of the will." According to Searle, all rational activity presupposes free will. For rationality is possible only where one has a choice among various rational as well as irrational options. Unlike many philosophical tracts, Rationality in Action invites the reader to apply the author's ideas to everyday life. Searle shows, for example, that contrary to the traditional philosophical view, weakness of will is very common. He also points out the absurdity of the claim that rational decision making always starts from a consistent set of desires. Rational decision making, he argues, is often about choosing between conflicting reasons for action. In fact, humans are distinguished by their ability to be rationally motivated by desire-independent reasons for action. Extending his theory of rationality to the self, Searle shows how rational deliberation presupposes an irreducible notion of the self. He also reveals the idea of free will to be essentially a thesis of how the brain works.
Author : Thomas Boylan,Ruvin Gekker
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 209 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2008-10-27
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134077250
Leading international experts in the field of normative social choice theory, complemented by experts in economic methodology and political science discuss the major developments arising from collaboration between experts in these cognate disciplines.
Author : Michael E. Bratman
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-06-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190867874
Our human capacity for planning agency plays central roles in the cross-temporal organization of our agency, in our acting and thinking together (both at a time and over time), and in our self-governance (both at a time and over time). Intentions can be understood as states in such a planning system. The practical thinking at the bottom of this planning capacity is guided by norms that enjoin synchronic plan consistency and means-end coherence as well as forms of plan stability over time. The essays in this book aim to deepen our understanding of these norms and to defend their status as norms of practical rationality for planning agents. The general guidance by these planning norms has many pragmatic benefits, especially given our cognitive and epistemic limits. But appeal to these general pragmatic benefits does not fully explain the normative force of these norms in the particular case. In response to this challenge some think these norms are, at bottom, norms of theoretical rationality on one's beliefs; some think these norms are constitutive of intentional agency; some think they are norms of interpretation; and some think the idea of such norms of practical rationality is a myth. These essays chart an alternative path. This path sees these planning norms as tracking conditions of a planning agent's self-governance, both at a time and over time. It seeks associated models of such self-governance. And it appeals to the idea that the end of one's self-governance over time, while not essential to intentional agency per se, is, within the planning framework, rationally self-sustaining and a keystone of a rationally stable reflective equilibrium that involves the norms of plan rationality. This end is thereby in a position to play a role in our planning framework that parallels the role of a concern with quality of will within the framework of the reactive emotions, as understood by Peter Strawson.
Author : Chrisoula Andreou,Sergio Tenenbaum
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2018-04-19
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781315444703
Action theorists and formal epistemologists often pursue parallel inquiries regarding rationality, with the former focused on practical rationality, and the latter focused on theoretical rationality. In both fields, there is currently a strong interest in exploring rationality in relation to time. This exploration raises questions about the rationality of certain patterns over time. For example, it raises questions about the rational permissibility of certain patterns of intention; similarly, it raises questions about the rational permissibility of certain patterns of belief. While the action-theoretic and epistemic questions raised are closely related, advances in one field are not always processed by the other. This volume brings together contributions by scholars in action theory and formal epistemology working on questions regarding rationality and time so that researchers in these overlapping fields can profit from each other’s insights. This book was originally published as a special issue of the Canadian Journal of Philosophy.
Author : Pechillis
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 490 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2004-02-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780195145397
Rationality has long been a central topic in philosophy, crossing standard divisions and categories. 'The Oxford Handbook of Rationality' is a reference to the current state of play in this vital and interdisciplinary area of study.
Author : Eric Cave
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-11
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781000308006
This manuscript is about the sense of justice that limits what individuals can do in pursuit of their ends and opens them to exploitation. It shows how flawed agents choosing under partial information advance those of their ends having nothing to do with justice by maintaining such a disposition.
Author : Bruno Verbeek
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-05
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351906319
There are a number of problems in philosophy that seem to share a similar possible solution: 'Why do promises and contracts bind?', 'Why ought citizens and judges obey the law?' and 'Can we realize the gains to be made from cooperation?'. All three problems (as well as some others) share a possible solution in the form of rational internal commitment. Reasons and Intentions is a 'state-of-the-art' overview of the relevant positions on the possibility of such commitment, including critical ones. The introduction provides a survey of the central problem of the volume, 'how the will can bind itself and still be instrumental in nature', and the various positions which are further examined in the contributions. Addressing the question of the relation between intentions and action, the considerations which make an intention rational and how this translates into our conception of (moral) agency, this book brings together specially commissioned essays by the leading scholars in the field.
