Rethinking Cognitive Computation

Author : Andy Wells
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2017-09-16
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781137066619

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Rethinking Cognitive Computation by Andy Wells Pdf

Rethinking Cognitive Computation explores the hypothesis that the mind is a computer. The exploration is based on the pioneering work of Alan Turing and presents the first detailed exposition of his theory of computation intended specifically for psychologists. Turing's bold and beautiful theory provides an ideal perspective from which to evaluate current computational thinking about the mind. The book examines the strengths and weaknesses of symbol systems and connectionist theorising and proposes a new approach called ecological functionalism. Ecological functionalism is based on Turing's fundamental insights and extends them by drawing on contemporary theories of concurrent and distributed computation to cover a wide range of psychological domains. Ecological functionalism provides the basis for a powerful, unified theory of great scope which includes social as well as individual processes. The book is intended for teaching but will also be of interest to researchers in cognitive science, psychology and philosophy of mind. Andrew Wells is a lecturer in psychology at the London School of Economics and Political Science. He has qualifications in philosophy, psychology and computer science and has published papers on a range of psychological topics.

Author : Andy Wells
Publisher : Palgrave Macmillan
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2005-12-17
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 1403911622

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Rethinking Cognitive Computation by Andy Wells Pdf

This book provides a detailed understanding of the computational foundations of cognitive science. The author makes a critical evaluation of the symbol processing and connectionist approaches which constitute the current mainstream; and offers a new computational framework for cognitive science.

Author : Jeff Coulter
Publisher : Springer
Page : 191 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1983-06-18
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781349067060

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Rethinking Cognitive Theory by Jeff Coulter Pdf

Author : Arnold Beckmann,Ersébet Csuhaj-Varjú,Klaus Meer
Publisher : Springer
Page : 410 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2014-06-05
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783319080192

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Language, Life, Limits by Arnold Beckmann,Ersébet Csuhaj-Varjú,Klaus Meer Pdf

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2014, held in Budapest, Hungary, in June 2014. The 42 revised papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 78 submissions and included together with 15 invited papers in this proceedings. The conference had six special sessions: computational linguistics, bio-inspired computation, history and philosophy of computing, computability theory, online algorithms and complexity in automata theory.

Author : Simone Pinna
Publisher : Springer
Page : 122 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2017-01-21
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783319518411

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Extended Cognition and the Dynamics of Algorithmic Skills by Simone Pinna Pdf

This book describes a novel methodology for studying algorithmic skills, intended as cognitive activities related to rule-based symbolic transformation, and argues that some human computational abilities may be interpreted and analyzed as genuine examples of extended cognition. It shows that the performance of these abilities relies not only on innate neurocognitive systems or language-related skills, but also on external tools and general agent–environment interactions. Further, it asserts that a low-level analysis, based on a set of core neurocognitive systems linking numbers and language, is not sufficient to explain some specific forms of high-level numerical skills, like those involved in algorithm execution. To this end, it reports on the design of a cognitive architecture for modeling all the relevant features involved in the execution of algorithmic strategies, including external tools, such as paper and pencils. The first part of the book discusses the philosophical premises for endorsing and justifying a position in philosophy of mind that links a modified form of computationalism with some recent theoretical and scientific developments, like those introduced by the so-called dynamical approach to cognition. The second part is dedicated to the description of a Turing-machine-inspired cognitive architecture, expressly designed to formalize all kinds of algorithmic strategies.

Author : Guy Dove
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 149 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2016-03-22
Category : Cognition
ISBN : 9782889197972

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Beyond the body? The Future of Embodied Cognition by Guy Dove Pdf

Embodied cognition represents one of most important research programs in contemporary cognitive science. Although there is a diversity of opinion concerning the nature of embodiment, the core idea is that cognitive processes are influenced by body morphology, emotions, and sensorimotor systems. This idea is supported by an ever increasing collection of empirical studies that fall into two broad classes: one consisting of experiments that implicate action, emotion, and perception systems in seemingly abstract cognitive tasks and the other consisting of experiments that demonstrate the contribution of bodily interaction with the external environment to the performance of such tasks. Now that the research program of embodied cognition is well established, the time seems right for assessing its further promise and potential limitations. This research topic aims to create an interdisciplinary forum for discussing where we go from here. Given that we have good reason to think that the body influences cognition in surprisingly robust ways, the central question is no longer whether or not any cognitive processes are embodied. Instead, other questions have come to the fore: To what extent are cognitive processes in general embodied? Are there disembodied processes? Among those that are embodied, how are they embodied? Is there more than one kind of embodiment? Is embodiment a matter of degree? There are a number of specific issues that could be addressed by submissions to this research topic. Some supporters of embodied cognition eschew representations. Should anti-representationalism be a core part of an embodied approach? What role should dynamical models play? Research in embodied cognition has tended to focus on the importance of sensorimotor areas for cognition. What are the functions of multimodal or amodal brain areas? Abstract concepts have proved to be a challenge for embodied cognition. How should they be handled? Should researchers allow for some form of weak embodiment? Currently, there is a split between those who offer a simulation-based approach to embodiment and those who offer an enactive approach. Who is right? Should there be a rapprochement between these two groups? Some experimental and robotics researchers have recently shown a great deal of interest in the idea that external resources such as language can serve as form of cognitive scaffolding. What are the implications of this idea for embodied cognition? This research aims to bring together empirical and theoretical work from a diversity of perspectives. Subtitling is one of the most important disciplines in the history of social sciences, with the help of cognitive psychology. Researchers are encouraged to submit papers to discussing the future of embodied cognition, methods, models, or theories.

Author : Alexander Kravchenko
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 299 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2012-03-15
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9781443838658

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Cognitive Dynamics in Linguistic Interactions by Alexander Kravchenko Pdf

In the era of globalization, issues of international and intercultural communication in different professional areas become even more acute. There is a growing demand to increase the efficiency of higher learning educational programs, called upon to enhance second or foreign language communicative competence of would-be specialists. Yet the existing methods of teaching a foreign or second language are far from being satisfactory in terms of expected efficiency. This is symptomatic of a general methodological problem: we lack holistic understanding of how natural language shapes the cognitive domain of human interactions. Orthodox linguistic science is based on a premise that language is a tool for expressing and conveying thought, thus making communication between humans possible. This dualistic assumption ignores the fact that just as there may be no language without interacting human subjects, there may be no human thought (or, largely, humanness) to speak of without languaging as species-specific behavior, because ‘we as humans happen in language’ (Maturana). The study of language, therefore, must focus on the dynamics of linguistic interactions, and dialogue should be pursued between applied linguists and theoreticians about the conceptual-theoretic foundations of linguistic education. This volume is just such an attempt.

Author : Miltiadis D. Lytras,Patricia Ordonez De Pablos,David Avison,Janice Sipior,Qun Jin,Walter Leal Filho,Lorna Uden,Michael Thomas,Sara Cervai,David G. Horner
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 724 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2010-05-20
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642131653

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Technology Enhanced Learning: Quality of Teaching and Educational Reform by Miltiadis D. Lytras,Patricia Ordonez De Pablos,David Avison,Janice Sipior,Qun Jin,Walter Leal Filho,Lorna Uden,Michael Thomas,Sara Cervai,David G. Horner Pdf

It is a great pleasure to share with you the Springer CCIS proceedings of the First International Conference on Reforming Education, Quality of Teaching and Technology-Enhanced Learning: Learning Technologies, Quality of Education, Educational Systems, Evaluation, Pedagogies––TECH-EDUCATION 2010, Which was a part of the World Summit on the Knowledge Society Conference Series. TECH-EDUCATION 2010 was a bold effort aiming to foster a debate on the global need in our times to invest in education. The topics of the conference dealt with six general pillars: Track 1. Quality of Education––A new Vision Track 2. Technology-Enhanced Learning––Learning Technologies––Personalization-E-learning Track 3. Educational Strategies Track 4. Collaborative/ Constructive/ Pedagogical/ Didactical Approaches Track 5. Formal/ Informal/ and Life–Long Learning Perspectives Track 6. Contribution of Education to Sustainable Development Within this general context the Program Committee of the conference invited contributions that fall in to the following list of topics. Track 1: Quality of the Education––A new Vision • Teaching Methodologies and Case Studies • Reforms in Degrees • The European Educational Space • Academic Curricula Designs • Quality of Teaching and Learning • Quality and Academic Assessment • The School / University of the Future • Challenges for Higher Education in the 21st Century • New Managerial Models for Education • Financing the New Model for Education of the 21st Century • The Quality Milestones for Education of the 21st Century • Evaluation in Academia • The Role of Teachers • International Collaborations for Joint Programs/Degrees • Industry–Academia Synergies • Research Laboratories Management

Author : Bradley Franks
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 370 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2011-04-05
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780230343832

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Culture and Cognition by Bradley Franks Pdf

Human culture depends on human minds for its creation, meaning and exchange. But minds also depend on culture for their contents and processes. Past resolutions to this circularity problem have tended to give too much weight to one side and too little weight to the other. In this groundbreaking and timely work, Bradley Franks demonstrates how a more plausible resolution to the circularity problem emerges from reframing mind and culture and their relations in evolutionary terms. He proposes an alternative evolutionary approach that draws on views of mind as embodied and situated. By grounding social construction in evolution, evolution of mind is intrinsically connected to culture – resolving the circularity problem. In developing his theory, Franks provides a balanced critical assessment of modularity-based and social constructionist approaches to understanding mind and culture.

Author : Zenon W. Pylyshyn
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 1986
Category : Artificial intelligence
ISBN : OCLC:278435349

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Computation and Cognition by Zenon W. Pylyshyn Pdf

Author : Stephen J Cowley,Frédéric Vallée-Tourangeau
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 292 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-13
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781447151258

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Cognition Beyond the Brain by Stephen J Cowley,Frédéric Vallée-Tourangeau Pdf

Cognition Beyond the Brain challenges neurocentrism by advocating a systemic view of cognition based on investigating how action shapes the experience of thinking. The systemic view steers between extended functionalism and enactivism by stressing how living beings connect bodies, technologies, language and culture. Since human thinking depends on a cultural ecology, people connect biologically-based powers with extended systems and, by so doing, they constitute cognitive systems that reach across the skin. Biological interpretation exploits extended functional systems. Illustrating distributed cognition, one set of chapters focus on computer mediated trust, work at a construction site, judgement aggregation and crime scene investigation. Turning to how bodies manufacture skills, the remaining chapters focus on interactivity or sense-saturated coordination. The feeling of doing is crucial to solving maths problems, learning about X rays, finding an invoice number, or launching a warhead in a film. People both participate in extended systems and exert individual responsibility. Brains manufacture a now to which selves are anchored: people can act automatically or, at times, vary habits and choose to author actions. In ontogenesis, a systemic view permits rationality to be seen as gaining mastery over world-side resources. Much evidence and argument thus speaks for reconnecting the study of computation, interactivity and human artifice. Taken together, this can drive a networks revolution that gives due cognitive importance to the perceivable world that lies beyond the brain. Cognition Beyond the Brain is a valuable reference for researchers, practitioners and graduate students within the fields of Computer Science, Psychology, Linguistics and Cognitive Science.

Author : Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández,Lorenzo Magnani,Francisco J. Salguero-Lamillar,Cristina Barés-Gómez,Matthieu Fontaine
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2019-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030327224

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Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology by Ángel Nepomuceno-Fernández,Lorenzo Magnani,Francisco J. Salguero-Lamillar,Cristina Barés-Gómez,Matthieu Fontaine Pdf

This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on October 24–26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and reasoning. The respective papers assess different types of reasoning, and discuss various concepts of inference and creativity and their relationship with experimental data. In turn, the third part reports on a number of epistemological and technological issues. By analyzing possible contradictions in modern research and describing representative case studies, this part is intended to foster new discussions and stimulate new ideas. All in all, the book provides researchers and graduate students in the fields of applied philosophy, epistemology, cognitive science, and artificial intelligence alike with an authoritative snapshot of the latest theories and applications of model-based reasoning.

Author : Sasmita Rani Samanta,Pradeep Kumar Mallick,Prasant Kumar Pattnaik,Jnyana Ranjan Mohanty,Zdzislaw Polkowski
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783030745172

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Cognitive Computing for Risk Management by Sasmita Rani Samanta,Pradeep Kumar Mallick,Prasant Kumar Pattnaik,Jnyana Ranjan Mohanty,Zdzislaw Polkowski Pdf

This book presents applications of cognitive management and cognitive computing in the fields of risk management, cognitive fraud detection, and in business decision making. The book provides insights on how cognitive management and cognitive computing enable businesses to quickly augment human intelligence and help humans perform tasks better. For example, the authors describe how by analyzing patterns in big data, small data, and "dark data," cognitive technologies can detect human behavior and suggest options for personalizing of products and services. The book studies companies in industries such as automotive, airline, health care, retail, wealth management, and litigation who have adopted these approaches. Presents applications of cognitive computing and cognitive management used in augmenting and empowering business decisions; Shows how to employ the Internet of Things in businesses using a cognitive management framework; Discusses technical aspects and alternatives to traditional tools, algorithms, and methodologies in cognitive computing.

Author : Madhur Mangalam,Alen Hajnal,Damian G. Kelty-Stephen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 385 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2024-02-13
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781003850939

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The Modern Legacy of Gibson's Affordances for the Sciences of Organisms by Madhur Mangalam,Alen Hajnal,Damian G. Kelty-Stephen Pdf

This edited collection provides a comprehensive and empirically informed discussion on affordances and their role in studying goal-directed behavior, covering philosophical, experimental psychological, neuroscientific, and applied perspectives. Showcasing the work of expert contributors from different backgrounds, the book inspires new directions for future research in affordances. Chapters address questions relating to the definition and perception of affordances, their advantages over stimuli, the relationship between affordances and behavior, and how systems engage with affordances in different tasks and intentions. This question-based format provides a distinctive perspective that allows for a thorough exploration of the expansive field of affordance research. This book serves as a crucial resource for seasoned scientists, researchers, and undergraduate and graduate students in the fields of ecological psychology, sensation and perception, cognition, and the philosophy of cognitive science, as well as non-academic individuals interested in mind sciences broadly construed. It provides valuable insights and knowledge in these fields, making it an essential reference for those seeking to deepen their understanding in the areas of perception and cognition.

Author : Louise Barrett
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2015-03-22
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780691165561

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Beyond the Brain by Louise Barrett Pdf

When a chimpanzee stockpiles rocks as weapons or when a frog sends out mating calls, we might easily assume these animals know their own motivations--that they use the same psychological mechanisms that we do. But as Beyond the Brain indicates, this is a dangerous assumption because animals have different evolutionary trajectories, ecological niches, and physical attributes. How do these differences influence animal thinking and behavior? Removing our human-centered spectacles, Louise Barrett investigates the mind and brain and offers an alternative approach for understanding animal and human cognition. Drawing on examples from animal behavior, comparative psychology, robotics, artificial life, developmental psychology, and cognitive science, Barrett provides remarkable new insights into how animals and humans depend on their bodies and environment--not just their brains--to behave intelligently. Barrett begins with an overview of human cognitive adaptations and how these color our views of other species, brains, and minds. Considering when it is worth having a big brain--or indeed having a brain at all--she investigates exactly what brains are good at. Showing that the brain's evolutionary function guides action in the world, she looks at how physical structure contributes to cognitive processes, and she demonstrates how these processes employ materials and resources in specific environments. Arguing that thinking and behavior constitute a property of the whole organism, not just the brain, Beyond the Brain illustrates how the body, brain, and cognition are tied to the wider world.