Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management In Emergency Settings

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Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings

Fiona Zakaria
Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings Book PDF

Author : Fiona Zakaria
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000692044

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Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings by Fiona Zakaria Pdf

The development of technology in the emergency sanitation sector has not been emphasised sufficiently considering that the management of human excreta is a basic requirement for every person. The lack of technology tailored to emergency situations complicates efforts to cater for sanitation needs in challenging humanitarian crisis. Concerns persists on the lack of faecal sludge management that considers the whole sanitation chain from containment until treatment. This study focused on the development of a smart emergency toilet termed the eSOS (emergency sanitation operation system) smart toilet to address the limitation in technical options. This toilet is based on the eSOS concept that takes into account the entire sanitation chain. This study also addresses the limited time for planning in emergencies by developing a decision support system (DSS) to help quick selection of optimal sanitation options. The aim was to enable users of the DSS to plan their emergency sanitation response within the shortest time possible. The study aims to contribute toward a better emergency sanitation response by application of technology advances.

Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings

Fiona Zakaria
Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings Book PDF

Author : Fiona Zakaria
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2019-07-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000691702

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Rethinking Faecal Sludge Management in Emergency Settings by Fiona Zakaria Pdf

The development of technology in the emergency sanitation sector has not been emphasised sufficiently considering that the management of human excreta is a basic requirement for every person. The lack of technology tailored to emergency situations complicates efforts to cater for sanitation needs in challenging humanitarian crisis. Concerns persists on the lack of faecal sludge management that considers the whole sanitation chain from containment until treatment. This study focused on the development of a smart emergency toilet termed the eSOS (emergency sanitation operation system) smart toilet to address the limitation in technical options. This toilet is based on the eSOS concept that takes into account the entire sanitation chain. This study also addresses the limited time for planning in emergencies by developing a decision support system (DSS) to help quick selection of optimal sanitation options. The aim was to enable users of the DSS to plan their emergency sanitation response within the shortest time possible. The study aims to contribute toward a better emergency sanitation response by application of technology advances.

A Novel Approach to Sludge Treatment Using Microwave Technology

Eva Kocbek
A Novel Approach to Sludge Treatment Using Microwave Technology Book PDF

Author : Eva Kocbek
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 159 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2022-02-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000547641

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A Novel Approach to Sludge Treatment Using Microwave Technology by Eva Kocbek Pdf

Sludge transportation costs can represent a large fraction of the expenses associated with municipal and faecal sludge management. These costs can be mitigated through the use of thermal drying approaches to reduce the sludge volume. This thesis described the application of a novel microwave-based pilot-scale unit as an alternative technology for the sanitisation and drying of sludge from municipal wastewater treatment plants and on-site sanitation facilities. The potential economic benefits of volumetric heating, moisture levelling, and increased liquid and vapour migration from the interior to the surface of the product underpins the increasing interest in the use of microwave technology during sludge treatment processes. According to the findings of this study, these factors lead to faster processing times, improved drying rates, and a reduced physical footprint. Furthermore, microwave technology operates as a standalone treatment unit. When coupled with mechanical dewatering techniques and membrane separation technology, it can increase the reliability of the technology employed in the treatment of sludge while recovering valuable resources through an agricultural or thermochemical application such as (co-) combustion. The results of this work demonstrate the strong feasibility of applying microwave-based technology within initiatives designed to protect the environment and safeguard public health.

Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control for the Municipal Water Cycle in a River Basin Context

Alberto Galvis-Castaño
Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control for the Municipal Water Cycle in a River Basin Context Book PDF

Author : Alberto Galvis-Castaño
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000708240

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Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control for the Municipal Water Cycle in a River Basin Context by Alberto Galvis-Castaño Pdf

The protection of water resources from deterioration in quality by pollution discharges is probably the biggest challenge in sustainable water resources management in the recent decades. In practice, most countries have adopted pollution control strategies and measures which are based on ‘end-of-pipe’ solutions: wastewater treatment plants and adjustments to the regulations, including taxes for wastewater discharges (Conventional Strategy). Although this approach involves very high costs, on many occasions, this strategy has been a complete failure. The research described in this book contribute to the development of sustainable solutions for the previously outlined problem. It was based on the validation of the Three-Step Strategic Approach concept (3-SSA), which includes: 1) prevention or minimisation of waste production; 2) treatment aimed at recovery and reuse of waste components, and 3) disposal of remaining waste with stimulation of natural self-purification of the receiving water body. The study showed overall positive effects of the 3-SSA, in comparison of Conventional Strategy, on wastewater management in the Upper Basin (389 km) of the Cauca river, the second most important river in Colombia. The Cost Benefit Analysis clearly favoured the 3-SSA, generating a major impact on the river water quality at lower cost compared to the Conventional Strategy.

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Humanitarian Contexts

Richard C. Carter
Water Sanitation and Hygiene in Humanitarian Contexts Book PDF

Author : Richard C. Carter
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1853398845

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Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Humanitarian Contexts by Richard C. Carter Pdf

The approach of Water, Sanitation and Hygiene in Humanitarian Contexts is straightforward and practical, with little theory - the focus being on improving professional practice in the midst of humanitarian suffering; written for those whose everyday work involves humanitarian response to WASH needs in emergencies and disasters.

Wastewater Irrigation and Health

Pay Drechsel
Wastewater Irrigation and Health Book PDF

Author : Pay Drechsel
Publisher : IWMI
Page : 434 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2010
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781844077960

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Wastewater Irrigation and Health by Pay Drechsel Pdf

First Published in 2009. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Faecal Sludge Management

Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Faecal Sludge Management Book PDF

Author : Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2014-08-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781780404738

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Faecal Sludge Management by Linda Strande,Damir Brdjanovic Pdf

It is estimated that literally billions of residents in urban and peri-urban areas of Africa, Asia, and Latin America are served by onsite sanitation systems (e.g. various types of latrines and septic tanks). Until recently, the management of faecal sludge from these onsite systems has been grossly neglected, partially as a result of them being considered temporary solutions until sewer-based systems could be implemented. However, the perception of onsite or decentralized sanitation technologies for urban areas is gradually changing, and is increasingly being considered as long-term, sustainable options in urban areas, especially in low- and middle-income countries that lack sewer infrastructures. This is the first book dedicated to faecal sludge management. It compiles the current state of knowledge of the rapidly evolving field of faecal sludge management, and presents an integrated approach that includes technology, management, and planning based on Sandecs 20 years of experience in the field. Faecal Sludge Management: Systems Approach for Implementation and Operation addresses the organization of the entire faecal sludge management service chain, from the collection and transport of sludge, and the current state of knowledge of treatment options, to the final end use or disposal of treated sludge. The book also presents important factors to consider when evaluating and upscaling new treatment technology options. The book is designed for undergraduate and graduate students, and engineers and practitioners in the field who have some basic knowledge of environmental and/or wastewater engineering.

Novel Concepts, Systems and Technology for Sludge Managament in Emergency and Slum Settings

Peter Matuku Mawioo
Novel Concepts Systems and Technology for Sludge Managament in Emergency and Slum Settings Book PDF

Author : Peter Matuku Mawioo
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Science
ISBN : 1003023223

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Novel Concepts, Systems and Technology for Sludge Managament in Emergency and Slum Settings by Peter Matuku Mawioo Pdf

Management of sludge is one of the most pressing issues in sanitation provision. The situation is especially complex when large quantities of fresh sludge containing various contaminants are generated in onsite sanitation systems in urban slums, emergency settlements and wastewater treatment facilities that require proper disposal of the sludge. The application of fast and efficient sludge management methods is important under these conditions. This study focused on the development of an innovative sludge treatment unit that is based on the microwave irradiation technology. The technology provides a rapid and efficient option for sludge treatment in isolated conditions such as slum, emergency, and similar situations. The microwave based technology forms part of the eSOS (emergency sanitation operation system) concept that promotes an integrated sanitation approach in which all components of the entire sanitation chain are planned holistically. Besides, the study addresses the deficiencies associated with the poor choice of emergency sanitation technology options by proposing a methodology that is based on compensatory multi-criteria analysis. This study contributes in providing solutions towards improved sanitation in complex scenarios, especially the management of faecal sludge in emergency and slum conditions.

Cities of the Future

Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown
Cities of the Future Book PDF

Author : Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown
Publisher : IWA Publishing
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2007-09-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781843391364

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Cities of the Future by Vladimir Novotny,Paul Brown Pdf

This book is developed from and includes the presentations of leading international experts and scholars in the 12-14 July, 2006 Wingspread Workshop. With urban waters as a focal point, this book will explore the links between urban water quality and hydrology, and the broader concepts of green cities and smart growth. It also addresses legal and social barriers to urban ecological sustainability and proposes practical ways to overcome those barriers. Cities of the Future features chapters containing visionary concepts on how to ensure that cities and their water resources become ecologically sustainable and are able to provide clean water for all beneficial uses. The book links North American and Worldwide experience and approaches. The book is primarily a professional reference aimed at a wide interdisciplinary audience, including universities, consultants, environmental advocacy groups and legal environmental professionals.

Biological Wastewater Treatment

Mogens Henze
Biological Wastewater Treatment Book PDF

Author : Mogens Henze
Publisher : IWA Publishing (International Water Assoc)
Page : 170 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1881
Category : Science
ISBN : UCBK:C049772084

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Biological Wastewater Treatment by Mogens Henze Pdf

For information on the online course in Biological Wastewater Treatment from UNESCO-IHE, visit: http://www.iwapublishing.co.uk/books/biological-wastewater-treatment-online-course-principles-modeling-and-design Over the past twenty years, the knowledge and understanding of wastewater treatment have advanced extensively and moved away from empirically-based approaches to a first principles approach embracing chemistry, microbiology, physical and bioprocess engineering, and mathematics. Many of these advances have matured to the degree that they have been codified into mathematical models for simulation with computers. For a new generation of young scientists and engineers entering the wastewater treatment profession, the quantity, complexity and diversity of these new developments can be overwhelming, particularly in developing countries where access is not readily available to advanced level tertiary education courses in wastewater treatment. Biological Wastewater Treatment addresses this deficiency. It assembles and integrates the postgraduate course material of a dozen or so professors from research groups around the world that have made significant contributions to the advances in wastewater treatment. The book forms part of an internet-based curriculum in biological wastewater treatment which also includes: Summarized lecture handouts of the topics covered in book Filmed lectures by the author professors Tutorial exercises for students self-learning Upon completion of this curriculum the modern approach of modelling and simulation to wastewater treatment plant design and operation, be it activated sludge, biological nitrogen and phosphorus removal, secondary settling tanks or biofilm systems, can be embraced with deeper insight, advanced knowledge and greater confidence.

Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook

Wladyslaw Kowalski
Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook Book PDF

Author : Wladyslaw Kowalski
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 501 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2010-01-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642019999

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Ultraviolet Germicidal Irradiation Handbook by Wladyslaw Kowalski Pdf

This reference covers technical information on ultraviolet germicidal irradiation and its application to air and surface disinfection and the control of pathogens and allergens. Its main focus is airborne microbes and surface contamination applications.

The United Nations world water development report 2019

WWAP
The United Nations world water development report 2019 Book PDF

Author : WWAP
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
Page : 202 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2019-03-19
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789231003097

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The United Nations world water development report 2019 by WWAP Pdf

Access to water and sanitation is internationally recognized human right. Yet more than t wo billion people lack even the most basic of services. The latest United Nations World Water Development Report, Leaving No One Behind, explores the symptoms of exclusion and investigates ways to overcome inequalities.

Soil pollution: a hidden reality

Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Soil pollution a hidden reality Book PDF

Author : Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations
Publisher : Food & Agriculture Org.
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789251305058

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Soil pollution: a hidden reality by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Pdf

This document presents key messages and the state-of-the-art of soil pollution, its implications on food safety and human health. It aims to set the basis for further discussion during the forthcoming Global Symposium on Soil Pollution (GSOP18), to be held at FAO HQ from May 2nd to 4th 2018. The publication has been reviewed by the Intergovernmental Technical Panel on Soil (ITPS) and contributing authors. It addresses scientific evidences on soil pollution and highlights the need to assess the extent of soil pollution globally in order to achieve food safety and sustainable development. This is linked to FAO’s strategic objectives, especially SO1, SO2, SO4 and SO5 because of the crucial role of soils to ensure effective nutrient cycling to produce nutritious and safe food, reduce atmospheric CO2 and N2O concentrations and thus mitigate climate change, develop sustainable soil management practices that enhance agricultural resilience to extreme climate events by reducing soil degradation processes. This document will be a reference material for those interested in learning more about sources and effects of soil pollution.

The United Nations world water development report 2020

UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme
The United Nations world water development report 2020 Book PDF

Author : UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme
Publisher : UNESCO Publishing
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-23
Category : Education
ISBN : 9789231003714

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The United Nations world water development report 2020 by UNESCO World Water Assessment Programme Pdf

The 2020 edition of the WWDR, titled 'Water and Climate Change' illustrates the critical linkages between water and climate change in the context of the broader sustainable development agenda. Supported by examples from across the world, it describes both the challenges and opportunities created by climate change, and provides potential responses - in terms of adaptation, mitigation and improved resilience - that can be undertaken by enhancing water resources management, attenuating water-related risks, and improving access to water supply and sanitation services for all in a sustainable manner. It addresses the interrelations between water, people, environment and economics in a changing climate, demonstrating how climate change can be a positive catalyst for improved water management, governance and financing to achieve a sustainable and prosperous world for all. The report provides a fact-based, water-focused contribution to the knowledge base on climate change. It is complementary to existing scientific assessments and designed to support international political frameworks, with the goals of helping the water community tackle the challenges of climate change, and informing the climate change community about the opportunities that improved water management offers in terms of adaptation and mitigation.

Water, Climate Change, and Sustainability

Vishnu Prasad Pandey,Sangam Shrestha,David Wiberg
Water Climate Change and Sustainability Book PDF

Author : Vishnu Prasad Pandey,Sangam Shrestha,David Wiberg
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 25 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2021-04-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119564447

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Water, Climate Change, and Sustainability by Vishnu Prasad Pandey,Sangam Shrestha,David Wiberg Pdf

WATER, CLIMATE CHANGE, AND SUSTAINABILITY An in-depth review of sustainable concepts in water resources management under climate change Climate change continues to intensify existing pressures in water resources management, such as rapid population growth, land use changes, pollution, damming of rivers, and many others. Securing a reliable water supply—critical for achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)—requires understanding of the relation between finite water resources, climate variability/change, and various elements of sustainability. Water, Climate Change, and Sustainability is a timely and in-depth examination of the concept of sustainability as it relates to water resources management in the context of climate change risks. Featuring contributions by global authors, this edited volume is organized into three sections: Sustainability Concepts; Sustainability Approaches, Tools, and Techniques; and Sustainability in Practice. Detailed chapters describe the linkage between water and sustainable development, highlight the development and use of new measuring and reporting methods, and discuss the implementation of sustainability concepts in various water use sectors. Topics include localizing and mainstreaming global water sustainability initiatives, resilient water infrastructure for poverty reduction, urban water security for sustainable cities, climate actions and challenges for sustainable ecosystem services, and more. This important resource: Reviews contemporary scientific research and practical applications in the areas of water, climate change and sustainability in different regions of the world Discusses future directions of research and practices in relation to expected patterns of climate changes Covers a wide range of concepts, theories, and perspectives of sustainable development of water resources Features case studies of field and modelling techniques for analyzing water resources and evaluating vulnerability, security, and associated risks Discusses practical applications of water resources in contexts such as food security, global health, clean energy, and climate action Water, Climate Change, and Sustainability is an invaluable resource for policy makers water managers, researchers, and other professionals in the field, and an ideal text for graduate students in hydrogeology, climate change, geophysics, geochemistry, geography, water resources, and environmental science.