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Defense Against Biological Attacks by Sunit K. Singh,Jens H. Kuhn Pdf
This first volume of a two-volume set describes general aspects, such as the historical view on the topic, the role of information distribution and preparedness of health-care systems and preparedness in emergency cases. Part two describes and discusseses in detail the pathogens and toxins that are potentially used for biological attacks. As such, the book is a valuable resource for faculties engaged in molecular biology, genetic engineering, neurology, biodefense, biosafety & biosecurity, virology, and infectious disease programs, as well as professional medical research organizations.
National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 105 pages File Size : 43,9 Mb Release : 2003-01-03 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309086073
Countering Bioterrorism by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Committee on Science and Technology for Countering Terrorism,Panel on Biological Issues Pdf
The attacks of September 11 and the release of anthrax spores revealed enormous vulnerabilities in the U.S. public-health infrastructure and suggested similar vulnerabilities in the agricultural infrastructure as well. The traditional public health response-surveillance (intelligence), prevention, detection, response, recovery, and attribution-is the paradigm for the national response not only to all forms of terrorism but also to emerging infectious diseases. Thus, investments in research on bioterrorism will have enormous potential for application in the detection, prevention, and treatment of emerging infectious diseases that also are unpredictable and against which we must be prepared. The deciphering of the human genome sequence and the complete elucidation of numerous pathogen genomes, our rapidly increasing understanding of the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis and of immune responses, and new strategies for designing drugs and vaccines all offer unprecedented opportunities to use science to counter bioterrorist threats. But these same developments also allow science to be misused to create new agents of mass destruction. Hence the effort to confront bioterrorism must be a global one. Countering Bioterrorism makes the following recommendations: Recommendation 1: All agencies with responsibility for homeland security should work together to establish stronger and more meaningful working ties between the intelligence, S&T, and public health communities. Recommendation 2: Federal agencies should work cooperatively and in collaboration with industry to develop and evaluate rapid, sensitive, and specific early-detection technologies. Recommendation 3: Create a global network for detection and surveillance, making use of computerized methods for real-time reporting and analysis to rapidly detect new patterns of disease locally, nationally, and ultimately- internationally. The use of high-throughput methodologies that are being increasingly utilized in modern biological research should be an important component of this expanded and highly automated surveillance strategy. Recommendation 4: Use knowledge of complex biological patterns and high-throughput laboratory automation to classify and diagnose infections in patients in primary care settings. Recommendation 5: USDA should create an agency for control and prevention of plant disease. This agency should have the capabilities necessary to deal effectively with biothreats.
W. Seth Carus,National Defense University (U S ),National Defense University. Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction
Author : W. Seth Carus,National Defense University (U S ),National Defense University. Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction Publisher : Government Printing Office Page : 80 pages File Size : 54,6 Mb Release : 2017-08-03 Category : History ISBN : 0160941482
A Short History of Biological Warfare by W. Seth Carus,National Defense University (U S ),National Defense University. Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction Pdf
This publication gives a history of biological warfare (BW) from the prehistoric period through the present, with a section on the future of BW. The publication relies on works by historians who used primary sources dealing with BW. In-depth definitions of biological agents, biological weapons, and biological warfare (BW) are included, as well as an appendix of further reading on the subject. Related items: Arms & Weapons publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/arms-weapons Hazardous Materials (HAZMAT & CBRNE) publications can be found here: https://bookstore.gpo.gov/catalog/hazardous-materials-hazmat-cbrne
National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 160 pages File Size : 50,6 Mb Release : 2004-04-06 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309166515
Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents Pdf
In recent years, substantial efforts have been initiated to develop new drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biological agents that could be used in bioterrorist attacks against civilian populations. According to a new congressionally mandated report from the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies, to successfully develop these drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biowarfare agents, Congress should authorize the creation of a new agency within the Office of the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense. The committee recommended that Congress should improve liability protections for those who develop and manufacture these products, to stimulate willingness to invest in new research and development for biowarfare protection. Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures also identifies other challengesâ€"such as the need for appropriate animal models and laboratories equipped with high-level biosafety protectionsâ€"that will require attention if DoD efforts to develop new medical countermeasures are to be successful.
Recent revelations about Iraqi and Soviet/Russian biological weapons programs and highly publicized events such as the deployment of anthrax and botulinum by the Aum Shinrikyo sect in Japan have made clear the necessity for addressing the issues of biological warfare and defense. In a comprehensive analysis of this imminent threat to global security, fourteen internationally recognized authorities consider the motivations of governments and terrorist groups seeking to acquire biological weapons; managing the consequences of a biological attack; techniques for weapons development; methods for detection of pathogens and toxins; defense against biological weapons; and international efforts to counter their proliferation.
National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee for an Assessment of Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee for an Assessment of Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 214 pages File Size : 48,5 Mb Release : 2004-08-03 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309165877
Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Naval Studies Board,Committee for an Assessment of Naval Forces' Defense Capabilities Against Chemical and Biological Warfare Threats Pdf
U.S. naval forces must be prepared to respond to a broad array of threats. Of increasing importance are those from chemical and biological warfare (CW and BW). To help review its current state of preparedness, the Chief of Naval Operations asked the National Research Council (NRC) to assess the U.S. Navy's defense capabilities against CW and BW threats. In particular to what extent are they being developed to enable naval forces to sense and analyze quickly the presence of chemical and biological agents, withstand or avoid exposure to such agents, deal with contamination under a broad spectrum of operational conditions, and over what period will these capabilities be realized. This report presents the results of that assessment. It provides an overview of the potential threats, and an evaluation of the Navy's operations, non-medical programs, and medical countermeasures designed to confront those threats. The report also presents a series of general and specific findings and recommendations based on these assessments.
Author : Frank L. Smith III Publisher : Cornell University Press Page : 156 pages File Size : 52,5 Mb Release : 2014-09-19 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780801455155
Biological weapons have threatened U.S. national security since at least World War II. Historically, however, the U.S. military has neglected research, development, acquisition, and doctrine for biodefense. Following September 11 and the anthrax letters of 2001, the United States started spending billions of dollars per year on medical countermeasures and biological detection systems. But most of this funding now comes from the Department of Health and Human Services rather than the Department of Defense. Why has the U.S. military neglected biodefense and allowed civilian organizations to take the lead in defending the country against biological attacks? In American Biodefense, Frank L. Smith III addresses this puzzling and largely untold story about science, technology, and national security.Smith argues that organizational frames and stereotypes have caused both military neglect and the rise of civilian biodefense. In the armed services, influential ideas about kinetic warfare have undermined defense against biological warfare. The influence of these ideas on science and technology challenges the conventional wisdom that national security policy is driven by threats or bureaucratic interests. Given the ideas at work inside the U.S. military, Smith explains how the lessons learned from biodefense can help solve other important problems that range from radiation weapons to cyber attacks.
National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Strategies for Identifying and Addressing Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology
Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Strategies for Identifying and Addressing Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 189 pages File Size : 50,5 Mb Release : 2019-01-05 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309465182
Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Board on Chemical Sciences and Technology,Committee on Strategies for Identifying and Addressing Potential Biodefense Vulnerabilities Posed by Synthetic Biology Pdf
Scientific advances over the past several decades have accelerated the ability to engineer existing organisms and to potentially create novel ones not found in nature. Synthetic biology, which collectively refers to concepts, approaches, and tools that enable the modification or creation of biological organisms, is being pursued overwhelmingly for beneficial purposes ranging from reducing the burden of disease to improving agricultural yields to remediating pollution. Although the contributions synthetic biology can make in these and other areas hold great promise, it is also possible to imagine malicious uses that could threaten U.S. citizens and military personnel. Making informed decisions about how to address such concerns requires a realistic assessment of the capabilities that could be misused. Biodefense in the Age of Synthetic Biology explores and envisions potential misuses of synthetic biology. This report develops a framework to guide an assessment of the security concerns related to advances in synthetic biology, assesses the levels of concern warranted for such advances, and identifies options that could help mitigate those concerns.
Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness by S.J.S. Flora,Vidhu Pachauri Pdf
Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness provides detailed information on biological warfare agents and their mode of transmission and spread. In addition, it explains methods of detection and medical countermeasures, including vaccine and post-exposure therapeutics, with specific sections detailing diseases, their transmission, clinical signs and symptoms, diagnosis, treatment, vaccines, prevention and management. This book is useful reading for researchers and advanced students in toxicology, but it will also prove helpful for medical students, civil administration, medical doctors, first responders and security forces. As the highly unpredictable nature of any event involving biological warfare agents has given rise to the need for the rapid development of accurate detection systems, this book is a timely resource on the topic. Introduces different bacterial and viral agents, including Ebola and other emerging threats and toxins Discusses medical countermeasures, including vaccines and post-exposure therapeutics Includes a comprehensive review of current methods of detection
Biological Weapons Defense by Luther E. Lindler,Frank J. Lebeda,George Korch Pdf
In 2003, the President’s budget for bioterrorism defense totalled more than $5 billion. Today, the nation’s top academic scientists are scrambling to begin work to understand Bacillus anthracis and develop new vaccines and drugs. However, just five years ago, only the US Department of Defense (DOD) seemed concerned about these “exotic” agents. In 1997, the DOD spent approximately $137 million on biodefense to protect the deployed force, while academe, industry, local governments, and most of our federal leadership was oblivious to, and in some cases doubtful of, the seriousness of the threat. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) received the largest budget increase in the organization’s history. Fortunately, during this time of national urgency, a sound base exists on which to build our defenses against this new threat. A relatively small cadre of dedicated scientists within the US Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) laid this foundation over the past 20 years.
National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents
Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 161 pages File Size : 43,7 Mb Release : 2004-05-06 Category : Political Science ISBN : 9780309091534
Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Life Sciences,Medical Follow-up Agency,Committee on Accelerating the Research, Development, and Acquisition of Medical Countermeasures Against Biological Warfare Agents Pdf
In recent years, substantial efforts have been initiated to develop new drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biological agents that could be used in bioterrorist attacks against civilian populations. According to a new congressionally mandated report from the Institute of Medicine and National Research Council of the National Academies, to successfully develop these drugs, vaccines, and other medical interventions against biowarfare agents, Congress should authorize the creation of a new agency within the Office of the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Defense. The committee recommended that Congress should improve liability protections for those who develop and manufacture these products, to stimulate willingness to invest in new research and development for biowarfare protection. Giving Full Measure to Countermeasures also identifies other challengesâ€"such as the need for appropriate animal models and laboratories equipped with high-level biosafety protectionsâ€"that will require attention if DoD efforts to develop new medical countermeasures are to be successful.
Biological Weapons by Kristy Young Johnson,Paul Matthew Nolan Pdf
Gives readers a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how those affected by the weapons would be treated Teaches the reader to recognize the symptoms of each biological weapon and understand the threat these weapons pose Concentrates on the weapons considered the greatest threats by the CDC such as Anthrax, Botulism, Smallpox, Ricin toxin, Ebola, Plague, and Viral encephalitis Provides a detailed understanding of how specific biological weapons work and how to recognize the symptoms of those affected by the weapons as well as how they would be treated Includes case studies, chapter review questions, and the instructor’s supplemental materials include PowerPoint presentations, a Test Bank, and suggestions for student projects Begins with a primer on microbiology, the human immune system’s response to these biological agents, and the defense agencies involved with protecting the public against these agents
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 386 pages File Size : 45,5 Mb Release : 1997-05-30 Category : Nature ISBN : 9780309174787
Toxicologic Assessment of the Army's Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Dispersion Tests by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Subcommittee on Zinc Cadmium Sulfide Pdf
During the 1950s and 1960s, the U.S. Army conducted atmospheric dispersion tests in many American cities using fluorescent particles of zinc cadmium sulfide (ZnCdS) to develop and verify meteorological models to estimate the dispersal of aerosols. Upon learning of the tests, many citizens and some public health officials in the affected cities raised concerns about the health consequences of the tests. This book assesses the public health effects of the Army's tests, including the toxicity of ZnCdS, the toxicity of surrogate cadmium compounds, the environmental fate of ZnCdS, the extent of public exposures from the dispersion tests, and the risks of such exposures.
Defense Against Biological Attacks by Sunit K. Singh,Jens H. Kuhn Pdf
This second volume of a two-volume set focuses on specific pathogens and their mechanisms of pathogenesis as well as diagnostics, therapeutics and various strategies in the event of biological attacks. This multidisciplinary book appeals to readers from various fields, including biodefense, biosafety & biosecurity, virology, neurology, molecular biology and genetic engineering, as well as infectious disease specialists. Further, the work is of interest to basic science and applied science research scholars and experts working in the area of high-consequence or select agent virology.