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Author : Zhe-Sheng Chen,Akhtar Rasul,Barkat A. Khan
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 142 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2023-05-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832522233
Author : Gwendolyn Barcel´o-Coblijn,Amedeo Amedei
Publisher : MDPI
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783039216468
[Increasing evidence suggests that microbiota and especially the gut microbiota (the microbes inhabiting the gut including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi) plays a key role in human physiology and pathology. Recent findings indicate how dysbiosis—an imbalance in the composition and organization of microbial populations—could severely impact the development of different medical conditions (from metabolic to mood disorders), providing new insights into the comprehension of diverse diseases, such as IBD, obesity, asthma, autism, stroke, diabetes, and cancer. Given that microbial cells in the gut outnumber host cells, microbiota influences human physiology both functionally and structurally. Microbial metabolites bridge various—even distant—areas of the organism by way of the immune and hormone system. For instance, it is now clear that the mutual interaction between the gastrointestinal tract and the brain (gut–brain axis), often involves gut microbiota, indicating that the crosstalk between the organism and its microbial residents represents a fundamental aspect of both the establishment and maintenance of healthy conditions. Moreover, it is crucial to recognize that beyond the intestinal tract, microbiota populates other host organs and tissues (e.g., skin and oral mucosa). We have edited this eBook with the aim of publishing manuscripts focusing on the impact of microbiota in the development of different diseases and their associated treatments.]
Author : Erle S. Robertson
Publisher : Springer
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-20
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783030041557
This book ventures into a new and exciting area of discovery that directly ties our current knowledge of cancer to the discovery of microorganisms associated with different types of cancers. Recent studies demonstrate that microorganisms are directly linked to the establishment of cancers and that they can also contribute to the initiation, as well as persistence of, the cancers. Microbiome and Cancer covers the current knowledge of microbiome and its association with human cancers. It provides important reading for novices, senior undergraduates in cancer and microbiology, graduate students, junior investigators, residents, fellows and established investigators in the fields of cancer and microbiology. We cover areas related to known, broad concepts in microbiology and how they can relate to the ongoing discoveries of the micro-environment and the changes in the metabolic and physiologic states in that micro-environment, which are important for the ongoing nurturing and survival of the poly-microbial content that dictates activities in that micro-environment. We cover the interactions of microorganisms associated with gastric carcinomas, which are important for driving this particular cancer. Additional areas include oral cancers, skin cancers, ovarian cancers, breast cancers, nasopharyngeal cancers, lung cancers, mesotheliomas, Hodgkin’s and non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas, glioblastoma multiforme, hepatocellular carcinomas, as well as the inflammatory response related to the infectious agents in cancers. This book covers the metabolic changes that occur because of infection and their support for development of cancers, chronic infection and development of therapeutic strategies for detection and control of the infection. The field of microbiome research has exploded over the last five years, and we are now understanding more and more about the context in which microorganisms can contribute to the onset of cancers in humans. The field of microbiome research has demonstrated that the human body has specific biomes for tissues and that changes in these biomes at the specific organ sites can result in disease. These changes can result in dramatic differences in metabolic shifts that, together with genetic mutations, will produce the perfect niche for establishment of the particular infection programmes in that organ site. We are just beginning to understand what those changes are and how they influence the disease state. Overall, we hope to bring together the varying degrees of fluctuations in the microbiome at the major organ sites and how these changes affect the normal cellular processes because of dysregulation, leading to proliferation of the associated tissues.
Author : Mark Lyte,Primrose P.E. Freestone
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 325 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2010-04-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781441955760
Microbial endocrinology represents a newly emerging interdisciplinary field that is formed by the intersection of the fields of neurobiology and microbiology. This book will introduce a new perspective to the current understanding not only of the factors that mediate the ability of microbes to cause disease, but also to the mechanisms that maintain normal homeostasis. The discovery that microbes can directly respond to neuroendocrine hormones, as evidenced by increased growth and production of virulence-associated factors, provides for a new framework with which to investigate how microorganisms interface not only with vertebrates, but also with invertebrates and even plants. The reader will learn that the neuroendocrine hormones that one most commonly associates with mammals are actually found throughout the plant, insect and microbial communities to an extent that will undoubtedly surprise many, and most importantly, how interactions between microbes and neuroendocrine hormones can influence the pathophysiology of infectious disease.
Author : Andrzej T. Slominski,Michal A. Zmijewski,Cezary Skobowiat,Blazej Zbytek,Radomir M. Slominski,Jeffery D. Steketee
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2012-06-02
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783642196836
The skin, the body’s largest organ, is strategically located at the interface with the external environment where it detects, integrates and responds to a diverse range of stressors, including solar radiation. It has already been established that the skin is an important peripheral neuroendocrine-immune organ that is closely networked with central regulatory systems. These capabilities contribute to the maintenance of peripheral homeostasis. Specifically, epidermal and dermal cells produce and respond to classical stress neurotransmitters, neuropeptides and hormones, production which is stimulated by ultraviolet radiation (UVR), biological factors (infectious and non-infectious) and other physical and chemical agents. Examples of local biologically active products are cytokines, biogenic amines (catecholamines, histamine, serotonin and N-acetyl-serotonin), melatonin, acetylocholine, neuropeptides including pituitary (proopiomelanocortin-derived ACTH, b-endorphin or MSH peptides, thyroid stimulating hormone) and hypothalamic (corticotropin-releasing factor and related urocortins, thyroid-releasing hormone) hormones, as well as enkephalins and dynorphins, thyroid hormones, steroids (glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, sex hormones, 7-δ steroids), secosteroids, opioids and endocannabinoids. The production of these molecules is hierarchical, organized along the algorithms of classical neuroendocrine axes such as the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal axis (HPA), hypothalamic-thyroid axis (HPT), serotoninergic, melatoninergic, catecholaminergic, cholinergic, steroid/secosteroidogenic, opioid and endocannabinoid systems. Disruptions of these axes or of communication between them may lead to skin and/or systemic diseases. These local neuroendocrine networks also serve to limit the effect of noxious environmental agents to preserve local and consequently global homeostasis. Moreover, the skin-derived factors/systems can also activate cutaneous nerve endings to alert the brain to changes in the epidermal or dermal environments, or alternatively to activate other coordinating centers by direct (spinal cord) neurotransmission without brain involvement. Furthermore, rapid and reciprocal communications between epidermal and dermal and adnexal compartments are also mediated by neurotransmission including antidromic modes of conduction. Lastly, skin cells and the skin as an organ coordinate and/or regulate not only peripheral but also global homeostasis.
Author : Isabel Moreno-Indias,Antonio Salgado-Somoza,Hamid el Azzouzi,Mora Murri
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889714551
Author : T. Colin Campbell,Howard Jacobson
Publisher : BenBella Books, Inc.
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2014-02-25
Category : Health & Fitness
ISBN : 9781940363097
By now, the low-carb diet's refrain is a familiar one: Bread is bad for you. Fat doesn't matter. Carbs are the real reason you can't lose weight. The low-carb universe Dr. Atkins brought into being continues to expand. Low-carb diets, from South Beach to the Zone and beyond, are still the go-to method for weight-loss for millions. These diets' marketing may differ, but they all share two crucial components: the condemnation of “carbs" and an emphasis on meat and fat for calories. Even the latest diet trend, the Paleo diet, is—despite its increased focus on (some) whole foods—just another variation on the same carbohydrate fears. In The Low-Carb Fraud, longtime leader in the nutritional science field T. Colin Campbell (author of The China Study and Whole) outlines where (and how) the low-carb proponents get it wrong: where the belief that carbohydrates are bad came from, and why it persists despite all the evidence to the contrary. The foods we misleadingly refer to as “carbs" aren't all created equal—and treating them that way has major consequences for our nutritional well-being. If you're considering a low-carb diet, read this e-book first. It will change the way you think about what you eat—and how you should be eating, to lose weight and optimize your health, now and for the long term.
Author : Khalid El Bairi
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 236 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-10-09
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9789811618734
This book comprehensively summarizes the biology, etiology, and pathology of ovarian cancer and explores the role of deep molecular and cellular profiling in the advancement of precision medicine. The initial chapter discusses our current understanding of the origin, development, progression and tumorigenesis of ovarian cancer. In turn, the book highlights the development of resistance, disease occurrence, and poor prognosis that are the hallmarks of ovarian cancer. The book then reviews the role of deep molecular and cellular profiling to overcome challenges that are associated with the treatment of ovarian cancer. It explores the use of genome-wide association analysis to identify genetic variants for the evaluation of ovarian carcinoma risk and prognostic prediction. Lastly, it highlights various diagnostic and prognostic ovarian cancer biomarkers for the development of molecular-targeted therapy.
Author : Dirk Haller
Publisher : Springer
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2018-07-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319905457
The book provides an overview on how the gut microbiome contributes to human health. The readers will get profound knowledge on the connection between intestinal microbiota and immune defense systems. The tools of choice to study the ecology of these highly-specialized microorganism communities such as high-throughput sequencing and metagenomic mining will be presented. In addition the most common diseases associated to the composition of the gut flora are discussed in detail. The book will address researchers, clinicians and advanced students working in biomedicine, microbiology and immunology.
Author : Gilberto Antonio Bastidas Pacheco,Asghar Ali Kamboh
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 376 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2020-06-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781789859010
The study of both unicellular and multicellular living beings and the diseases they produce from a biological point of view requires constant review of their relationship with their host and environment, given their indisputable sanitary importance. In this sense, in parasitology and microbiology, updated and concise information on life cycle, taxonomic classification, clinical manifestations, diagnosis, treatment, epidemiological behavior, and control measures is of vital importance. This is what we pursue with this book. The approach to parasitology and microbiology and the research that is carried out on it is unquestionable because the associations between life forms have been present from the very beginning of life.Research in parasitology and microbiology is necessary and indispensable for controlling diseases that affect much of the world with serious economic and social consequences. The challenge is to promote research to keep these diseases at bay. This book shows what has been done up to now and what can be done in the future to combat infectious diseases.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : BoD – Books on Demand
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2020-03-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781789859218
Probiotic bacteria are found in the intestinal microbiota of the host and favor multiple metabolic reactions. Prebiotics provide food for probiotic bacteria and have an effect on their own performance in favor of host health. Numerous metabolic and immunological mechanisms are involved in its effects. Probiotics have been studied for several decades and their use for human consumption is still unclear. However, new types of molecules with prebiotic functions and components of probiotic bacteria with therapeutic potential are still being studied. The versatility of these molecules makes their incorporation into human food and animal diets feasible. This book is a compendium of recent scientific information on the use of probiotics and prebiotics for the benefit of human and animal health.
Author : Ahmed Lasfar,Karine Cohen-Solal
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1789851467
Author : Trenton R Schoeb,Kathryn A Eaton
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-11
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780128045831
Gnotobiotics summarizes and analyzes the research conducted on the use of gnotobiotes, providing detailed information regarding actual facility operation and derivation of gnotobiotic animals. In response to the development of new tools for microbiota and microbiome analysis, the increasing recognition of the various roles of microbiota in health and disease, and the consequent expanding demand for gnotobiotic animals for microbiota/microbiome related research, this volume collates the research of this expanding field into one definitive resource. Reviews and defines gnotobiotic animal species Analyzes microbiota in numerous contexts Presents detailed coverage of the protocols and operation of a gnotobiotic facility
Author : Wei Wang,Lixin Zheng
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 147 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2023-11-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782832538197
Author : R. Z. Sayyed,Mahejibin Khan
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 443 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2022-01-03
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789811616266
The book highlights the importance of prebiotics, probiotics and synbiotics in the signalling mechanism between gut microbiota and brain, also referred to as the gut-brain axis. A stable gut microbiota is essential for normal gut physiology and overall health, since it assists in proper signalling along the brain–gut axis. The book describes how the cross talks between gut microbiota and brain, not only regulate gastro-intestinal functions but also ensure proper functioning of cognitive behaviour and immunological functions. The various chapters describe probiotic microorganisms that colonize gastrointestinal tract and provide an array of health benefits to the host. It further elaborates about certain non-digestible oligosaccharides (prebiotics) are easily fermented by specialist microbes in the gut, to produce health-promoting metabolites and inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria. This book is useful for students, researchers and scientists in the field of microbiology, food science and nutrition. It is also meant for industry experts involved in developing nutraceuticals.
