Science And Public Reason

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Science and Public Reason

Sheila Jasanoff
Science and Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Sheila Jasanoff
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2012-07-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136288401

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Science and Public Reason by Sheila Jasanoff Pdf

This collection of essays by Sheila Jasanoff explores how democratic governments construct public reason, that is, the forms of evidence and argument used in making state decisions accountable to citizens. The term public reason as used here is not simply a matter of deploying principled arguments that respect the norms of democratic deliberation. Jasanoff investigates what states do in practice when they claim to be reasoning in the public interest. Reason, from this perspective, comprises the institutional practices, discourses, techniques and instruments through which governments claim legitimacy in an era of potentially unbounded risks—physical, political, and moral. Those legitimating efforts, in turn, depend on citizens’ acceptance of the forms of reasoning that governments offer. Included here therefore is an inquiry into the conditions that lead citizens of democratic societies to accept policy justification as being reasonable. These modes of public knowing, or “civic epistemologies,” are integral to the constitution of contemporary political cultures. Methodologically, the book is grounded in the field of Science and Technology Studies (STS). It uses in-depth qualitative studies of legal and political practices to shed light on divergent cross-cultural constructions of public reason and the reasoning political subject. The collection as a whole contributes to democratic theory, legal studies, comparative politics, geography, and ethnographies of modernity, as well as STS.

Reconstructing Public Reason

Eric MacGilvray
Reconstructing Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Eric MacGilvray
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 278 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2004-12-30
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674015428

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Reconstructing Public Reason by Eric MacGilvray Pdf

MacGilvray argues that we should shift our attention away from the problem of identifying uncontroversial public ends in the present and toward the problem of evaluating potentially controversial public ends through collective inquiry over time.

Public Reason and Courts

Silje A. Langvatn,Mattias Kumm,Wojciech Sadurski
Public Reason and Courts Book PDF

Author : Silje A. Langvatn,Mattias Kumm,Wojciech Sadurski
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 397 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781108487351

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Public Reason and Courts by Silje A. Langvatn,Mattias Kumm,Wojciech Sadurski Pdf

A comprehensive study of public reason for courts, with contributions from leading scholars in philosophy, political science and law.

Public Reason and Bioethics

Hon-Lam Li,Michael Campbell
Public Reason and Bioethics Book PDF

Author : Hon-Lam Li,Michael Campbell
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2022-01-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9783030611705

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Public Reason and Bioethics by Hon-Lam Li,Michael Campbell Pdf

This book explores and elaborates three theories of public reason, drawn from Rawlsian political liberalism, natural law theory, and Confucianism. Drawing together academics from these separate approaches, the volume explores how the three theories critique each other, as well as how each one brings its theoretical arsenal to bear on the urgent contemporary debate of medical assistance in dying. The volume is structured in two parts: an exploration of the three traditions, followed by an in-depth overview of the conceptual and historical background. In Part I, the three comprehensive opening chapters are supplemented by six dynamic chapters in dialogue with each other, each author responding to the other two traditions, and subsequently reflecting on the possible deficiencies of their own theories. The chapters in Part II cover a broad range of subjects, from an overview of the history of bioethics to the nature of autonomy and its status as a moral and political value. In its entirety, the volume provides a vibrant and exemplary collaborative resource to scholars interested in the role of public reason and its relevance in bioethical debate.

Natural Law and Public Reason

Robert P. George,Christopher Wolfe
Natural Law and Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Robert P. George,Christopher Wolfe
Publisher : Georgetown University Press
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Law
ISBN : 0878407669

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Natural Law and Public Reason by Robert P. George,Christopher Wolfe Pdf

"Public reason" is one of the central concepts in modern liberal political theory. As articulated by John Rawls, it presents a way to overcome the difficulties created by intractable differences among citizens' religious and moral beliefs by strictly confining the place of such convictions in the public sphere. Identifying this conception as a key point of conflict, this book presents a debate among contemporary natural law and liberal political theorists on the definition and validity of the idea of public reason. Its distinguished contributors examine the consequences of interpreting public reason more broadly as "right reason," according to natural law theory, versus understanding it in the narrower sense in which Rawls intended. They test public reason by examining its implications for current issues, confronting the questions of abortion and slavery and matters relating to citizenship. This energetic exchange advances our understanding of both Rawls's contribution to political philosophy and the lasting relevance of natural law. It provides new insights into crucial issues facing society today as it points to new ways of thinking about political theory and practice.

The Law of Peoples

John Rawls
The Law of Peoples Book PDF

Author : John Rawls
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0674005422

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The Law of Peoples by John Rawls Pdf

This work consists of two parts: The Idea of Public Reason Revisited and The Law of Peoples. Taken together, they are the culmination of more than 50 years of reflection on liberalism and on some pressing problems of our times.

Free Public Reason

Fred D'Agostino
Free Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Fred D'Agostino
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Justification (Theory of knowledge)
ISBN : 9780195097610

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Free Public Reason by Fred D'Agostino Pdf

Free Public Reason examines the idea of public justification, stressing its importance but also questioning the coherence of the concept itself. Although public justification is employed in the work of theorists such as John Rawls, Jeremy Waldron, Thomas Nagel, and others, it has received little attention on its own as a philosophical concept. D'Agostino shows that the ideal behind this concept is constituted by many, sometimes competing, demands and that no formal way of weighing these demands can be identified. The notion of public justification itself is thus shown to be contestable. In demonstrating this, D'Agostino questions many current political theories that rely on this concept. Having broken down the foundations of public justification, D'Agostino then draws on the ideas of Dworkin and Kuhn as well as insights from feminism and post-modernism to offer an alternative model of how a workable consensus on its meaning might be reached through the interactions of a community of interpreters or delegates at a constitutional convention.

Political Liberalism

John Rawls
Political Liberalism Book PDF

Author : John Rawls
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 588 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2005-03-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780231527538

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Political Liberalism by John Rawls Pdf

This book continues and revises the ideas of justice as fairness that John Rawls presented in A Theory of Justice but changes its philosophical interpretation in a fundamental way. That previous work assumed what Rawls calls a "well-ordered society," one that is stable and relatively homogenous in its basic moral beliefs and in which there is broad agreement about what constitutes the good life. Yet in modern democratic society a plurality of incompatible and irreconcilable doctrines—religious, philosophical, and moral—coexist within the framework of democratic institutions. Recognizing this as a permanent condition of democracy, Rawls asks how a stable and just society of free and equal citizens can live in concord when divided by reasonable but incompatible doctrines? This edition includes the essay "The Idea of Public Reason Revisited," which outlines Rawls' plans to revise Political Liberalism, which were cut short by his death. "An extraordinary well-reasoned commentary on A Theory of Justice...a decisive turn towards political philosophy." —Times Literary Supplement

Public Reason

Fred D'Agostino,Gerald F. Gaus
Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Fred D'Agostino,Gerald F. Gaus
Publisher : Ashgate Publishing
Page : 502 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Justification (Theory of knowledge)
ISBN : UCBK:C104824394

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Public Reason by Fred D'Agostino,Gerald F. Gaus Pdf

The essays that make up this volume, explore the idea of public reason. The task of identifying a distinctively public reason has become pressing in our deeply pluralistic society, just because doubt has arisen whether what is good reasoning for one must be good reasoning for all. Examining the theories of Hobbes and Kant, and also using more recent work such as the comments and theories of John Rawls and David Gauthier, this book explores aspects of the idea of public reason. It explains public reason, and discusses areas such as pluralism, reasonable disagreement, moral conflict, political legitimacy, public justification and post-modernism.

Public Reason in Political Philosophy

Piers Norris Turner,Gerald Gaus
Public Reason in Political Philosophy Book PDF

Author : Piers Norris Turner,Gerald Gaus
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 404 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-08-10
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781351617321

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Public Reason in Political Philosophy by Piers Norris Turner,Gerald Gaus Pdf

When people of good faith and sound mind disagree deeply about moral, religious, and other philosophical matters, how can we justify political institutions to all of them? The idea of public reason—of a shared public standard, despite disagreement—arose in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries in the work of Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, and Kant. At a time when John Rawls’ influential theory of public reason has come under fire but its core idea remains attractive to many, it is important not to lose sight of earlier philosophers’ answers to the problem of private conflict through public reason. The distinctive selections from the great social contract theorists in this volume emphasize the pervasive theme of intractable disagreement and the need for public justification. New essays by leading scholars then put the historical work in context and provide a focus of debate and discussion. They also explore how the search for public reason has informed a wider body of modern political theory—in the work of Hume, Hegel, Bentham, and Mill—sometimes in surprising ways. The idea of public reason is revealed as an overarching theme in modern political philosophy—one very much needed today.

Public Reason

Fred M. Frohock
Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Fred M. Frohock
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-06-07
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781501734731

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Public Reason by Fred M. Frohock Pdf

In this meditation on the different ways in which contemporary society construes the notion of political reason, Fred M. Frohock offers an alternative to the merit forms of reasoning prominent in liberal democracies. He argues that divisive issues such as abortion and physician-assisted suicide resist rational closure: reasonable individuals often reach different and contradictory conclusions. The temptation is to abandon reason and depict governing as an exercise of pure power. What resources do we have, Frohock asks, to develop a version of public reason which can succeed even in the deep pluralism anticipated in democratic practices? Frohock makes a provocative argument: the effects of divisive beliefs can be mitigated with a version of public reason defined as mediated speech acts. These acts are dialogues on the model of a guided conversation in which collective terms dominate simple merit adjudication. This type of public reasoning requires a survey of considerations beyond the merits of the case at hand. Frohock's book combines theory and illustrative cases to present an unusually broad survey of public reasoning in which abstract arguments are developed in the context of highly charged contemporary issues.

Constructing Authorities

Onora O'Neill
Constructing Authorities Book PDF

Author : Onora O'Neill
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 263 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781107116313

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Constructing Authorities by Onora O'Neill Pdf

This book is a collection of essays by Onora O'Neill and forms an illuminating commentary of Kant's fundamental philosophical strategy.

Public Reason and Political Community

Andrew Lister
Public Reason and Political Community Book PDF

Author : Andrew Lister
Publisher : A&C Black
Page : 243 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2013-10-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781780938011

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Public Reason and Political Community by Andrew Lister Pdf

Public Reason and Political Community defends the liberal ideal of public reason against its critics, but as a form of moral compromise for the sake of civic friendship rather than as a consequence of respect for persons as moral agents. At the heart of the principle of public justification is an idealized unanimity requirement, which can be framed in at least two different ways. Is it our reasons for political decisions that have to be unanimously acceptable to qualified points of view, otherwise we exclude them from deliberation, or is it coercive state action that must be unanimously acceptable, otherwise we default to not having a common rule or policy, on the issue at hand? Andrew Lister explores the 'anti-perfectionist dilemma' that results from this ambiguity. He defends the reasons model on grounds of the value of political community, and applies it to recent debates about marriage.

A Companion to Rawls

Jon Mandle,David A. Reidy
A Companion to Rawls Book PDF

Author : Jon Mandle,David A. Reidy
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781119144564

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A Companion to Rawls by Jon Mandle,David A. Reidy Pdf

Wide ranging and up to date, this is the single most comprehensive treatment of the most influential political philosopher of the 20th century, John Rawls. An unprecedented survey that reflects the surge of Rawls scholarship since his death, and the lively debates that have emerged from his work Features an outstanding list of contributors, including senior as well as “next generation” Rawls scholars Provides careful, textually informed exegesis and well-developed critical commentary across all areas of his work, including non-Rawlsian perspectives Includes discussion of new material, covering Rawls’s work from the newly published undergraduate thesis to the final writings on public reason and the law of peoples Covers Rawls’s moral and political philosophy, his distinctive methodological commitments, and his relationships to the history of moral and political philosophy and to jurisprudence and the social sciences Includes discussion of his monumental 1971 book, A Theory of Justice, which is often credited as having revitalized political philosophy

Equal Citizenship and Public Reason

Christie Hartley,Lori Watson
Equal Citizenship and Public Reason Book PDF

Author : Christie Hartley,Lori Watson
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190683054

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Equal Citizenship and Public Reason by Christie Hartley,Lori Watson Pdf

This book is a defense of political liberalism as a feminist liberalism. The first half of the book develops and defends a novel interpretation of political liberalism. It is argued that political liberals should accept a restrictive account of public reason and that political liberals' account of public justification is superior to the leading alternative, the convergence account of public justification. The view is defended from the charge that such a restrictive account of public reason will unduly threaten or undermine the integrity of some religiously oriented citizens and an account of when political liberals can recognize exemptions, including religious exemptions, from generally applicable laws is offered. In the second half of the book, it is argued that political liberalism's core commitments restrict all reasonable conceptions of justice to those that secure genuine, substantive equality for women and other marginalized groups. Here it is demonstrated how public reason arguments can be used to support law and policy needed to address historical sites of women's subordination in order to advance equality; prostitution, the gendered division of labor and marriage, in particular, are considered.