Science And The Politics Of Openness

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Science and the politics of openness

Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith
Science and the politics of openness Book PDF

Author : Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith
Publisher : Manchester University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018-02-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781526106476

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Science and the politics of openness by Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith Pdf

This electronic version has been made available under a Creative Commons (BY-NC-ND) open access license. The phrase ‘here be monsters’ or ‘here be dragons’ is commonly believed to have been used on ancient maps to indicate unexplored territories which might hide unknown beasts. This book maps and explores places between science and politics that have been left unexplored, sometimes hiding in plain sight - in an era when increased emphasis was put on 'openness'. The book is rooted in a programme of research funded by the Leverhulme Trust entitled: ‘Making Science Public: Challenges and opportunities, which runs from 2014 to 2017. One focus of our research was to critically question the assumption that making science more open and public could solve various issues around scientific credibility, trust, and legitimacy. Chapters in this book explore the risks and benefits of this perspective with relation to transparency, responsibility, experts and faith.

Science and the Politics of Openness

Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith
Science and the Politics of Openness Book PDF

Author : Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 338 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 1526106469

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Science and the Politics of Openness by Brigitte Nerlich,Sarah Hartley,Sujatha Raman,Alexander Smith Pdf

The phrase 'here be monsters' or 'here be dragons' is commonly believed to have been used on ancient maps to indicate unexplored territories which might hide unknown beasts. This book maps and explores places between science and politics that have been left unexplored, sometimes hiding in plain sight - in an era when increased emphasis was put on 'openness'. The book is rooted in a programme of research funded by the Leverhulme Trust entitled: 'Making Science Public: Challenges and opportunities, which runs from 2014 to 2017. One focus of our research was to critically question the assumption that making science more open and public could solve various issues around scientific credibility, trust, and legitimacy. Chapters in this book explore the risks and benefits of this perspective with relation to transparency, responsibility, experts and faith.

Contextualizing Openness

Leslie Chan
Contextualizing Openness Book PDF

Author : Leslie Chan
Publisher : Perspectives on Open Access
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-24
Category : Education
ISBN : 0776626663

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Contextualizing Openness by Leslie Chan Pdf

A fascinating look at Open Science and the democratization of knowledge in international development and social transformation.

Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness

Nathaniel Tkacz
Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness Book PDF

Author : Nathaniel Tkacz
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 225 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2014-12-19
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9780226192444

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Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness by Nathaniel Tkacz Pdf

Few virtues are as celebrated in contemporary culture as openness. Rooted in software culture and carrying more than a whiff of Silicon Valley technical utopianism, openness—of decision-making, data, and organizational structure—is seen as the cure for many problems in politics and business. But what does openness mean, and what would a political theory of openness look like? With Wikipedia and the Politics of Openness, Nathaniel Tkacz uses Wikipedia, the most prominent product of open organization, to analyze the theory and politics of openness in practice—and to break its spell. Through discussions of edit wars, article deletion policies, user access levels, and more, Tkacz enables us to see how the key concepts of openness—including collaboration, ad-hocracy, and the splitting of contested projects through “forking”—play out in reality. The resulting book is the richest critical analysis of openness to date, one that roots media theory in messy reality and thereby helps us move beyond the vaporware promises of digital utopians and take the first steps toward truly understanding what openness does, and does not, have to offer.

The Virtues of Openness

Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts
The Virtues of Openness Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Education
ISBN : 1594516855

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The Virtues of Openness by Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts Pdf

The movement toward greater openness represents a change of philosophy, ethos, and government and a set of interrelated and complex changes that transform markets altering the modes of production and consumption, ushering in a new era based on the values of openness: an ethic of sharing and peer-to-peer collaboration ...

Open Science: the Very Idea

Frank Miedema
Open Science the Very Idea Book PDF

Author : Frank Miedema
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 265 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2021-10-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789402421156

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Open Science: the Very Idea by Frank Miedema Pdf

This open access book provides a broad context for the understanding of current problems of science and of the different movements aiming to improve the societal impact of science and research. The author offers insights with regard to ideas, old and new, about science, and their historical origins in philosophy and sociology of science, which is of interest to a broad readership. The book shows that scientifically grounded knowledge is required and helpful in understanding intellectual and political positions in various discussions on the grand challenges of our time and how science makes impact on society. The book reveals why interventions that look good or even obvious, are often met with resistance and are hard to realize in practice. Based on a thorough analysis, as well as personal experiences in aids research, university administration and as a science observer, the author provides - while being totally open regarding science's limitations- a realistic narrative about how research is conducted, and how reliable ‘objective’ knowledge is produced. His idea of science, which draws heavily on American pragmatism, fits in with the global Open Science movement. It is argued that Open Science is a truly and historically unique movement in that it translates the analysis of the problems of science into major institutional actions of system change in order to improve academic culture and the impact of science, engaging all actors in the field of science and academia.

Biohackers

Alessandro Delfanti
Biohackers Book PDF

Author : Alessandro Delfanti
Publisher : Pluto Press
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-05-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 0745332811

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Biohackers by Alessandro Delfanti Pdf

Biohackers explores fundamental changes occurring in the circulation and ownership of scientific information. Alessandro Delfanti argues that the combination of the ethos of 20th century science, the hacker movement and the free software movement is producing an open science culture which redefines the relationship between researchers, scientific institutions and commercial companies. Biohackers looks at the emergence of the citizen biology community "DIYbio", the shift to open access by the American biologist Craig Venter and the rebellion of the Italian virologist Ilaria Capua against WHO data-sharing policies. Delfanti argues that these biologists and many others are involved in a transformation of both life sciences and information systems, using open access tools and claiming independence from both academic and corporate institutions.

Democracy in Question

Alan Keenan
Democracy in Question Book PDF

Author : Alan Keenan
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 0804738653

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Democracy in Question by Alan Keenan Pdf

This book explores the theoretical paradoxes and practical dilemmas that flow from the still radical idea that in a democracy it is the people who rule, and argues that accepting the open and uncertain character of democratic politics can lead to more sustainable and widespread forms of democratic engagement. The author engages theorists from a range of democratic thought—Rousseau, Arendt, Benhabib, Sandel, Laclau, and Mouffe—to show how each either ignores or downplays the difficulties that democratic principles pose. Though there can be no entirely valid solution to the paradoxes that plague democracy, the author nonetheless argues that democratic politics—particularly under contemporary conditions of social fragmentation and insecurity—urgently requires new practical and rhetorical strategies. The book concludes by addressing the American context, elaborating the need for a language of democratic engagement less ensnared in the anti-political logic of moralism and resentment that now characterizes the American political spectrum.

Reassembling Scholarly Communications

Martin Paul Eve,Jonathan Gray
Reassembling Scholarly Communications Book PDF

Author : Martin Paul Eve,Jonathan Gray
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 473 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-10-20
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780262362863

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Reassembling Scholarly Communications by Martin Paul Eve,Jonathan Gray Pdf

A range of perspectives on the complex political, philosophical, and pragmatic implications of opening research and scholarship through digital technologies. The Open Access Movement proposes to remove price and permission barriers for accessing peer-reviewed research work--to use the power of the internet to duplicate material at an infinitesimal cost-per-copy. In this volume, contributors show that open access does not exist in a technological vacuum; there are complex political, philosophical, and pragmatic implications for opening research through digital technologies. The contributors examine open access across spans of colonial legacies, knowledge frameworks, publics and politics, archives and digital preservation, infrastructures and platforms, and global communities.

Governance Of Science

Fuller, Steve
Governance Of Science Book PDF

Author : Fuller, Steve
Publisher : McGraw-Hill Education (UK)
Page : 186 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 1999-12-01
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780335202348

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Governance Of Science by Fuller, Steve Pdf

This ground-breaking text offers a fresh perspective on the governance of science from the standpoint of social and political theory. Science has often been seen as the only institution that embodies the elusive democratic ideal of the 'open society'. Yet, science remains an elite activity that commands much more public trust than understanding, even though science has become increasingly entangled with larger political and economic issues.

Contextualizing Openness

Leslie Chan,Angela Okune,Becky Hillyer,Rebecca Hillyer,Denisse Albornoz,Alejandro Posada (Economist)
Contextualizing Openness Book PDF

Author : Leslie Chan,Angela Okune,Becky Hillyer,Rebecca Hillyer,Denisse Albornoz,Alejandro Posada (Economist)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 342 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : Access to knowledge movement
ISBN : 1552506118

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Contextualizing Openness by Leslie Chan,Angela Okune,Becky Hillyer,Rebecca Hillyer,Denisse Albornoz,Alejandro Posada (Economist) Pdf

"An important part of identifying the structural, technical, policy and cultural contexts for Open Science in the Global South is recognizing the plurality and diversity in the framing and meanings of "openness." This volume brings together contributions from the twelve projects that form the Open and Collaborative Science in Development Network (OCSDN), and is organized along four themes: Defining Open Science in Development, Governing Open Science, Negotiating Open Science, and Expanding Open Science for Social Transformation. The collective goal of this volume is to identify examples and reflections that illustrate how opportunities and challenges posed by openness vary across regions, and to identify key differences between actors, institutions, infrastructure and governance of knowledge-based resources in diverse settings. The volume will contribute to and expand upon the literature on "openness," which has largely been written from the standpoint of the Global North. Challenging the asymmetry of global knowledge production and access is central to understanding the growing movement towards Open Science and what it may mean for development thinking and practices. The intent is to further stimulate research and debates on how best to collectively design a knowledge system that is open and equitable for all."--

Open

Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener
Open Book PDF

Author : Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener
Publisher : Ubiquity Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2017-03-27
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781911529019

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Open by Rajiv S. Jhangiani,Robert Biswas-Diener Pdf

Affordable education. Transparent science. Accessible scholarship. These ideals are slowly becoming a reality thanks to the open education, open science, and open access movements. Running separate—if parallel—courses, they all share a philosophy of equity, progress, and justice. This book shares the stories, motives, insights, and practical tips from global leaders in the open movement.

Virtues of Openness

Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts
Virtues of Openness Book PDF

Author : Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-11-17
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781317249535

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Virtues of Openness by Michael A. Peters,Peter Roberts Pdf

The movement toward greater openness represents a change of philosophy, ethos, and government and a set of interrelated and complex changes that transform markets altering the modes of production and consumption, ushering in a new era based on the values of openness: an ethic of sharing and peer-to-peer collaboration enabled through new architectures of participation. These changes indicate a broader shift from the underlying industrial mode of production—a “productionist” metaphysics—to a postindustrial mode of consumption as use, reuse, and modification where new logics of social media structure different patterns of cultural consumption and symbolic analysis becomes a habitual and daily creative activity. The economics of openness constructs a new language of “presuming” and “produsage” in order to capture the open participation, collective co-creativity, communal evaluation, and commons-based production of social and public goods. Information is the vital element in the “new” politics and economy that links space, knowledge, and capital in networked practices and freedom is the essential ingredient in this equation if these network practices are to develop or transform themselves into 'knowledge cultures'. The Virtues of Openness investigates the social processes and policies that foster openness as an overriding educational value evidenced in the growth of open source, open access, and open education and their convergences that characterize global knowledge communities. The book argues that openness seems also to suggest political transparency and the norms of open inquiry, indeed, even democracy itself as both the basis of the logic of inquiry and the dissemination of its results. The Virtues of Openness examines the complex history of the concept of the open society before beginning a systematic investigation of openness in relation to the book, the “open text” and the written word. These changes are discussed in relation to the development of new open spaces of scholarship with their impact upon open journal systems, open peer review, open science, and the open global digital economy.

Open Democracy

Hélène Landemore
Open Democracy Book PDF

Author : Hélène Landemore
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2022-03-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780691212395

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Open Democracy by Hélène Landemore Pdf

To the ancient Greeks, democracy meant gathering in public and debating laws set by a randomly selected assembly of several hundred citizens. To the Icelandic Vikings, democracy meant meeting every summer in a field to discuss issues until consensus was reached. Our contemporary representative democracies are very different. Modern parliaments are gated and guarded, and it seems as if only certain people are welcome. Diagnosing what is wrong with representative government and aiming to recover some of the openness of ancient democracies, Open Democracy presents a new paradigm of democracy. Supporting a fresh nonelectoral understanding of democratic representation, Hélène Landemore demonstrates that placing ordinary citizens, rather than elites, at the heart of democratic power is not only the true meaning of a government of, by, and for the people, but also feasible and, more than ever, urgently needed. -- Cover page 4.

Open Knowledge Institutions

Lucy Montgomery,John Hartley,Cameron Neylon,Malcolm Gillies,Eve Gray
Open Knowledge Institutions Book PDF

Author : Lucy Montgomery,John Hartley,Cameron Neylon,Malcolm Gillies,Eve Gray
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2021-08-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780262542432

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Open Knowledge Institutions by Lucy Montgomery,John Hartley,Cameron Neylon,Malcolm Gillies,Eve Gray Pdf

The future of the university as an open knowledge institution that institutionalizes diversity and contributes to a common resource of knowledge: a manifesto. In this book, a diverse group of authors—including open access pioneers, science communicators, scholars, researchers, and university administrators—offer a bold proposition: universities should become open knowledge institutions, acting with principles of openness at their center and working across boundaries and with broad communities to generate shared knowledge resources for the benefit of humanity. Calling on universities to adopt transparent protocols for the creation, use, and governance of these resources, the authors draw on cutting-edge theoretical work, offer real-world case studies, and outline ways to assess universities’ attempts to achieve openness. Digital technologies have already brought about dramatic changes in knowledge format and accessibility. The book describes further shifts that open knowledge institutions must make as they move away from closed processes for verifying expert knowledge and toward careful, mediated approaches to sharing it with wider publics. It examines these changes in terms of diversity, coordination, and communication; discusses policy principles that lay out paths for universities to become fully fledged open knowledge institutions; and suggests ways that openness can be introduced into existing rankings and metrics. Case studies—including Wikipedia, the Library Publishing Coalition, Creative Commons, and Open and Library Access—illustrate key processes.