Scientific Traditions In The Ancient Mediterranean And Near East

Author : Sofie Schiødt,Amber Jacob,Kim Ryholt
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2023-08-29
Category : History
ISBN : 9781479823130

Get Book

Scientific Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East by Sofie Schiødt,Amber Jacob,Kim Ryholt Pdf

Comparative insights on astronomy, divination, and medicine from ancient texts The contributions in this volume revolve around a set of interconnected topics in the ancient sciences: medicine, astronomy, astrology, and divination. Several essays present unpublished textual sources or editions of new source material on divination (e.g., dream interpretation, personal astrology, and Sothis divination) and medicine (e.g., dermatology, gynecology, and apotropaic incantations). Other contributions provide new insights into known corpora or texts, such as the Assyro-Babylonian omens, the Hippocratic treatise Places in Man, Greco-Egyptian medical texts, and the vast astronomical corpus of Greco-Roman Egypt. The interdisciplinary milieu in which these essays were generated, under the aegis of the international Scientific Papyri from Ancient Egypt (SciPap) project, means that many of the studies embrace an explicitly and well-researched cross-cultural and comparative approach, revealing similarities in both certain conceptualizations of disease and healing, and astronomical literature and divinatory practice, across the Mediterranean and Near East. This book will be of interest primarily to specialists in the history of medicine, science, divination, and magic, as well as to papyrologists, Egyptologists, and Assyriologists.

Author : Sofie Schiødt,Amber Jacob,Kim Ryholt
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2023-08-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479823154

Get Book

Scientific Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East by Sofie Schiødt,Amber Jacob,Kim Ryholt Pdf

Comparative insights on astronomy, divination, and medicine from ancient texts Scientific Traditions in the Ancient Mediterranean and Near East presents a collection of articles by leading scholars on scientific practices in the ancient world, with emphasis on the fields of medicine, astronomy, astrology, and other forms of divination. The essays engage with a wide variety of textual sources in many different languages and scripts from Egypt and the Near East spanning more than a millennium, including some texts that are edited and discussed here for the first time. The contributors to this volume were tasked with approaching their texts not only as specialists, but also from a cross-cultural perspective, and the resulting body of work reveals new and exciting evidence for the transfer of scientific knowledge across cultural borders in the ancient Mediterranean and Near East. This book will be of interest primarily to specialists in the history of medicine, science, divination, and magic, as well as to papyrologists, Egyptologists, and Assyriologists.

Author : William V. Harris
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2013-07-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004254053

Get Book

The Ancient Mediterranean Environment between Science and History by William V. Harris Pdf

Scientists, historians and archaeologists are at last beginning to collaborate seriously on studies of the long-term history of the environment. The fruit of an international conference held in Rome in 2011, The Ancient Mediterranean Environment between Science and History brings together scientists and scholars who are interested in the interaction of their several disciplines as well as in specific problems such as the effects of climate change and other environmental factors on historical developments and events, the sources of the energy and fuel used in ancient civilizations, and the effects of humans on the lands around the Mediterranean. The collection balances broad Mediterranean-wide studies and tightly focused studies of particular regions in Italy and Jordan.

Author : John C. Stephens
Publisher : Cambridge Scholars Publishing
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2016-06-22
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781443895514

Get Book

Ancient Mediterranean Religions by John C. Stephens Pdf

This book offers a clear and concise historical overview of the major religious movements of the ancient Mediterranean world existing from the time of the second millennium BCE up until the fourth century CE, including both the Judeo-Christian and pagan religious traditions. Recognizing the significant role of religious institutions in human history and acknowledging the diversity of religious ideas and practices in the ancient Mediterranean world, “religion” is defined as a collection of myths, beliefs, rituals, ethical practices, social institutions and experiences related to the realm of the sacred cosmos. Without focusing too much attention on technicalities and complex vocabulary, the book provides an introductory road map for exploring the vast array of religious data permeating the ancient Mediterranean world. Through an examination of literary and archeological evidence, the book summarizes the fundamental religious beliefs and practices of the ancient Near Eastern world, including the religious traditions of ancient Mesopotamia, Egypt and Israel. Turning westward, the fascinating world of ancient Greek and Roman religion is considered next. The discussion begins with a description of Minoan-Mycenaean religion, followed by a consideration of classical Roman and Greek religion. Next, the numerous religious movements that blossomed during Hellenistic-Roman times are discussed. In addition, the fundamental theological contributions of various Greco-Roman philosophical schools of thought, including Orphism, Stoicism, Pythagoreanism, Platonism and Neo-Platonism, are described. Greco-Roman philosophy functioned as a quasi-religious outlook for many, and played a decisive role in the evolution of religion in the classical and Hellenistic period. The theological speculations of the philosophers regarding the nature of God and the soul made a huge impact in religious circles during the classical and Hellenistic era. Moving forward in history from archaic and classical times to the later Hellenistic-Roman period, the old religious order of the past falls by the wayside and a new updated religious paradigm begins to develop throughout the Mediterranean world, with a greater emphasis being placed upon the religious individual and the expression of personal religious feelings. There are several important social and historical reasons for this shift in perspective and these factors are explained in the chapter focusing upon personal religion in Hellenistic times. Since the entire religious topography of the ancient Mediterranean world is rarely outlined in a single volume, this book will be a welcome addition to anyone’s library.

Author : Maria Grazia Masetti-Rouault,Ilaria Calini,Robert Hawley,Lorenzo d’Alfonso
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 660 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2024-05-07
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479834631

Get Book

Ancient Western Asia Beyond the Paradigm of Collapse and Regeneration (1200-900 BCE) by Maria Grazia Masetti-Rouault,Ilaria Calini,Robert Hawley,Lorenzo d’Alfonso Pdf

New results and interpretations challenging the notion of a uniform, macroregional collapse throughout the Late Bronze Age Eastern Mediterranean Ancient Western Asia Beyond the Paradigm of Collapse and Regeneration (1200–900 BCE) presents select essays originating in a two-year research collaboration between New York University and Paris Sciences et Lettres. The contributions here offer new results and interpretations of the processes and outcomes of the transition from the Late Bronze Age to the Iron Age in three broad regions: Anatolia, northern Mesopotamia, and the Levant. Together, these challenge the notion of a uniform, macroregional collapse throughout the Eastern Mediterranean, followed by the regeneration of political powers. Current research on newly discovered or reinterpreted textual and material evidence from Western Asia instead suggests that this transition was characterized by a diversity of local responses emerging from diverse environmental settings and culture complexes, as evident in the case studies collected here in history, archaeology, and art history. The editors avoid particularism by adopting a regional organization, with the aim of identifying and tracing similar processes and outcomes emerging locally across the three regions. Ultimately, this volume reimagines the Late Bronze–Iron Age transition as the emergence of a set of recursive processes and outcomes nested firmly in the local cultural interactions of western Asia before the beginning of the new, unifying era of Assyrian imperialism.

Author : Antonis Kotsonas
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2024-02-15
Category : Antiques & Collectibles
ISBN : 9781479830046

Get Book

The Sanctuary of Hermes and Aphrodite at Syme Viannou VII, Vol. 1 by Antonis Kotsonas Pdf

An archaeological study of Greek and Roman pottery recovered from the excavation of Syme Viannou The Sanctuary of Hermes and Aphrodite at Syme Viannou VII: The Greek and Roman Pottery presents in two volumes the Greek and Roman pottery recovered from the excavation of Syme Viannou. The sanctuary of Syme Viannou is renowned as one of the most long-lived and important cult sites of ancient Crete and the Aegean, dedicated to Hermes and Aphrodite in the Greek and Roman periods. The sanctuary was active from the early second millennium BC to the late first millennium AD and attracted visitors from much of the eastern half of Crete. This study catalogs and analyzes a body of approximately 865 pieces, dating from across the entire period in which the sanctuary was in use and exhibiting a wide range of shapes and types. Integrating traditional typological and chronological inquiries, contextual considerations, macroscopic and petrographic analyses of ceramic fabrics, and quantitative studies, this work provides detailed documentation of the pottery from Syme Viannou and explores its ritual and other roles within the diachronic panorama of cultic and other activities at the site.

Author : Kassandra J. Miller
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2023-08-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9780198885191

Get Book

Time and Ancient Medicine by Kassandra J. Miller Pdf

Time and Ancient Medicine is the first monograph to explore, on the one hand, how the introduction of new timekeeping technologies (namely, sundials and water clocks) affected the practice, rhetoric, and philosophy of ancient medicine and, on the other hand, how medical timekeeping practices affected engagement with time elsewhere in society. The study seeks, first, to offer a chronological narrative of how timekeeping technologies and medical practices evolved and influenced one another in ancient Greece and Rome, with consideration of relevant Pharaonic Egyptian and Assyro-Babylonian precedents. Kassandra J. Miller turns to a series of case studies, drawn from the Roman Imperial period, to investigate thematic questions, asking how debates over medical timekeeping interacted with debates over proper scientific methodology, the status of medicine as a formal art, and the relationships between medicine and other disciplines like mathematics, astronomy, and astrology. Throughout, this study places epigraphic, artistic, and other material evidence for hourly timekeeping in dialogue with selections from medical literature, some of which has not previously been published in modern-language translation. Ultimately, this study reveals that time and timekeeping played fundamental roles in ancient medical debates and practices and challenges the traditional narrative that the social history of “clock time” only begins with the invention of the mechanical clock in the Medieval period. It offers new insights into the specific ways that physicians of the ancient Mediterranean engaged with their evolving temporal landscapes and raises questions about the relationships between time and medicine in the modern day.

Author : Claire Bubb
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 413 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2022-12-08
Category : History
ISBN : 9781009179850

Get Book

Dissection in Classical Antiquity by Claire Bubb Pdf

Dissection is a practice with a long history stretching back to antiquity and has played a crucial role in the development of anatomical knowledge. This absorbing book takes the story back to classical antiquity, employing a wide range of textual and material evidence. Claire Bubb reveals how dissection was practised from the Hippocratic authors of the fifth century BC through Aristotle and the Hellenistic doctors Herophilus and Erasistratus to Galen in the second century AD. She focuses on its material concerns and social contexts, from the anatomical subjects (animal or human) and how they were acquired, to the motivations and audiences of dissection, to its place in the web of social contexts that informed its reception, including butchery, sacrifice, and spectacle. The book concludes with a thorough examination of the relationship of dissection to the development of anatomical literature into Late Antiquity.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 208 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2022-11-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9789004526525

Get Book

Novel Perspectives on Communication Practices in Antiquity by Anonim Pdf

Documents such as papyri and inscriptions are essential to our knowledge of ancient history in a broad sense. This volume turns the attention to the texts themselves, and explores in an interdisciplinary way how people communicated with each other in antiquity.

Author : María Paz López Martínez,Carlos Sánchez-Moreno Ellart,Ana Belén Zaera García
Publisher : John Benjamins Publishing Company
Page : 468 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2023-12-01
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 9789027249289

Get Book

The Reality of Women in the Universe of the Ancient Novel by María Paz López Martínez,Carlos Sánchez-Moreno Ellart,Ana Belén Zaera García Pdf

This volume gathers chapters related to the condition of women in the ancient novel. To broaden the perspective, it integrates not only papers dealing with the Greek and Roman novel as a literary genre in its own right, but also as a historical document involving aspects as diverse as history, archaeology, sociology and the history of law. The twenty-six contributions in this volume have been divided into thematic blocks, based on the different approaches that the authors have adopted to tackle the subject. The first block is about realia – the reality in which the fiction has been conceived. The second block focuses on the legal problems that can be deduced from the plots of the novels. The third block encompasses deals with the Greek and Roman novel from the point of view of classical philology, literary criticism and literary theory, with chapters dedicated to the tradition of the ancient novel, both in our most immediate cultural area (Middle Ages, Spanish Golden Age) and in other contexts, whether Indo-European (India, Persia) or of a different origin.

Author : Joshua James Thomas,Joshua J. Thomas
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2022-01-21
Category : Art
ISBN : 9780192844897

Get Book

Art, Science, and the Natural World in the Ancient Mediterranean, 300 BC to AD 100 by Joshua James Thomas,Joshua J. Thomas Pdf

The first monograph-length study on the intersection of art, science, and the natural world in Hellenistic and Roman times. Examines a series of mosaics, wall-paintings, and papyri surviving from the period 300 BC - AD 100, setting them in their historical and cultural context.

Author : Radcliffe G. Edmonds III,Carolina López-Ruiz,Sofía Torallas-Tovar
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2023-11-15
Category : Religion
ISBN : 9781000989274

Get Book

Magic and Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World by Radcliffe G. Edmonds III,Carolina López-Ruiz,Sofía Torallas-Tovar Pdf

This volume explores aspects of ancient magic and religion in the ancient Mediterranean, specifically ways in which religious and mythical ideas, including the knowledge and practice of magic, were transmitted and adapted through time and across Greco-Roman, Near Eastern, and Egyptian cultures. Offering an original and innovative combination of case studies on the material aspects and cross-cultural transfers of magic and religion, this book brings together a range of contributions that cross and connect sub-fields with a pan-Mediterranean, comparative scope. Section I investigates the material aspects of magical practices, including first editions and original studies on papyri, gems, lamellae containing binding curses and protective texts, and other textual media in ancient book culture. Several chapters feature the Greco-Egyptian Magical Papyri, the compilation of magical recipes in the formularies, and the role of physical book-forms in the transmission of magical knowledge. Section II explores magic and religion as nodes of cultural exchange in the ancient Mediterranean. Case studies range from Egypt to Anatolia and from Syria-Phoenicia to Sicily, with Greco-Roman religion and myth integrated in a diverse and interconnected Mediterranean landscape. Readers encounter studies featuring charismatic figures of Magi and itinerant begging priests, the multiple understandings of deities such as Hekate, Herakles, or Aphrodite, or the perceived exotic origin of cult statues, mummies, amulets, and cursing formulae, which bring to light the rich intercultural networks of the ancient Mediterranean, and the crucial role of magic and religion in the process of cross-cultural adaptation and innovation. Magic and Religion in the Ancient Mediterranean World appeals to both specialized and non-specialized audiences, with expert contributions written in an accessible way. This is a fascinating resource for students and scholars working on magic, religion, and mythology in the ancient Mediterranean.

Author : John Haywood
Publisher : Weidenfeld & Nicolson
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : Civilization, Ancient
ISBN : 0304349607

Get Book

Ancient Civilizations of the Near East and Mediterranean by John Haywood Pdf

Author : Steven J. Garfinkle
Publisher : Wiley-Blackwell
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2013-01-09
Category : History
ISBN : 1444330519

Get Book

The Ancient Mediterranean and Near East, 3500 BC - 500AD by Steven J. Garfinkle Pdf

Author : William Vernon Harris
Publisher : Brill Academic Publishers
Page : 332 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : History
ISBN : 9004253432

Get Book

The Ancient Mediterranean Environment Between Science and History by William Vernon Harris Pdf

The product of a collaboration between scientists, historians and archaeologists, this book breaks new ground in the study of the long-term interaction between environmental factors, including climate, and human beings.