Seven Puzzles Of Thought

Author : R. M. Sainsbury,Michael Tye
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780191629242

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Seven Puzzles of Thought by R. M. Sainsbury,Michael Tye Pdf

How can one think about the same thing twice without knowing that it's the same thing? How can one think about nothing at all (for example Pegasus, the mythical flying horse)? Is thinking about oneself special? One could mistake one's car for someone else's, but it seems one could not mistake one's own headache for someone else's. Why not? R. M. Sainsbury and Michael Tye provide an entirely new theory—called 'originalism'— which provides simple and natural solutions to these puzzles and more. Originalism's central thesis is that concepts, the constituents of thoughts, are to be individuated by their origin, rather than epistemically or semantically. The doctrine has further valuable consequences for the nature of thought, our knowledge of our own thoughts, the nature of experience, the epistemology of perception-based beliefs, and for arguments based on conceivability. Sainsbury and Tye argue that although thought is special, there is no special mystery attaching to the nature of thought. Their account of the mind considers it as part of nature, as opposed to something with supernatural powers—which means that human beings have more opportunities to make mistakes than many have liked to think.

Author : Mark Sainsbury,Michael Tye
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-08
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199688944

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Seven Puzzles of Thought by Mark Sainsbury,Michael Tye Pdf

Sainsbury and Tye present a new theory, 'originalism', which provides natural, simple solutions to puzzles about thought that have troubled philosophers for centuries. They argue that concepts are to be individuated by their origin, rather than epistemically or semantically. Although thought is special, no special mystery attaches to its nature.

Author : Mark Sainsbury
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 248 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2018-04-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192524973

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Thinking about Things by Mark Sainsbury Pdf

In the blink of an eye, I can redirect my thought from London to Austin, from apples to unicorns, from former president Obama to the mythical flying horse, Pegasus. How is this possible? How can we think about things that do not exist, like unicorns and Pegasus? They are not there to be thought about, yet we think about them just as easily as we think about things that do exist. Thinking About Things addresses these and related questions, taking as its framework a representational theory of mind. It explains how mental states are attributed, what their aboutness consists in, whether or not they are relational, and whether any of them involve nonexistent things. The explanation centers on a new theory of what is involved in attributing attitudes like thinking, hoping, and wanting. These attributions are intensional: some of them seem to involve nonexistent things, and they typically have semantic and logical peculiarities, like the fact that one cannot always substitute one expression for another that refers to the same thing without affecting truth. Mark Sainsburys new theory, display theory, explains these anomalies. For example, substituting coreferring expressions does not always preserve truth because the correctness of an attribution depends on what concepts it displays, not on what the concepts refer to. And a concept that refers to nothing may be used in an accurate display of what someone is thinking.

Author : T. Parent
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2016-12-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781317210962

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Self-Reflection for the Opaque Mind by T. Parent Pdf

This volume attempts to solve a grave problem about critical self-reflection. The worry is that we critical thinkers are all in "epistemic bad faith" in light of what psychology tells us. After all, the research shows not merely that we are bad at detecting "ego-threatening" thoughts à la Freud. It also indicates that we are ignorant of even our ordinary thoughts—e.g., reasons for our moral judgments of others (Haidt 2001), and even mundane reasons for buying one pair of stockings over another! (Nisbett & Wilson 1977) However, reflection on one’s thoughts requires knowing what those thoughts are in the first place. So if ignorance is the norm, why attempt self-reflection? The activity would just display naivety about psychology. Yet while respecting all the data, this book argues that, remarkably, we are sometimes infallible in our self-discerning judgments. Even so, infallibility does not imply indubitability, and there is no Cartesian ambition to provide a "foundation" for empirical knowledge. The point is rather to explain how self-reflection as a rational activity is possible.

Author : John Bengson,Marc A. Moffett
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 416 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2011-12-09
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780199909582

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Knowing How: Essays on Knowledge, Mind, and Action by John Bengson,Marc A. Moffett Pdf

Knowledge how to do things is a pervasive and central element of everyday life. Yet it raises many difficult questions that must be answered by philosophers and cognitive scientists aspiring to understand human cognition and agency. What is the connection between knowing how and knowing that? Is knowledge how simply a type of ability or disposition to act? Is there an irreducibly practical form of knowledge? What is the role of the intellect in intelligent action? This volume contains fifteen state of the art essays by leading figures in philosophy and linguistics that amplify and sharpen the debate between intellectualists and anti-intellectualists about mind and action, highlighting the conceptual, empirical, and linguistic issues that motivate and sustain the conflict. The essays also explore various ways in which this debate informs central areas of ethics, philosophy of action, epistemology, philosophy of language, and philosophy of mind and cognitive science. Knowing How covers a broad range of topics dealing with tacit and procedural knowledge, the psychology of skill, expertise, intelligence and intelligent action, the nature of ability, the syntax and semantics of embedded questions, the mind-body problem, phenomenal character, epistemic injustice, moral knowledge, the epistemology of logic, linguistic competence, the connection between knowledge and understanding, and the relation between theory and practice. This is the book on knowing how--an invaluable resource for philosophers, linguists, psychologists, and others concerned with knowledge, mind, and action.

Author : Peter Winkler
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 392 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 2021-01-21
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780429557972

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Mathematical Puzzles by Peter Winkler Pdf

Research in mathematics is much more than solving puzzles, but most people will agree that solving puzzles is not just fun: it helps focus the mind and increases one's armory of techniques for doing mathematics. Mathematical Puzzles makes this connection explicit by isolating important mathematical methods, then using them to solve puzzles and prove a theorem. Features A collection of the world’s best mathematical puzzles Each chapter features a technique for solving mathematical puzzles, examples, and finally a genuine theorem of mathematics that features that technique in its proof Puzzles that are entertaining, mystifying, paradoxical, and satisfying; they are not just exercises or contest problems.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 992 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 1879
Category : Electronic
ISBN : MINN:31951000727407N

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Bazaar Exchange and Mart, and Journal of the Household by Anonim Pdf

Author : Charles Barry Townsend
Publisher : Sterling Publishing Company, Inc.
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Games
ISBN : 1402702140

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The Curious Book of Mind-boggling Teasers, Tricks, Puzzles & Games by Charles Barry Townsend Pdf

Mathematical dupes, sleights of hand, shady shuffles, and impossible predictions: these are just a few of the 80 ways to use a pack of cards to dazzle and baffle everyone.

Author : Tom Werneck
Publisher : Sterling
Page : 84 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Games & Activities
ISBN : 0806999713

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Brainplay by Tom Werneck Pdf

Embark on a journey with a puzzling group of friends who challenge your brain with tricky riddles and baffling quizzes. With only a few enigmatic hints, try to figure out the solution to a numbers game with colorful balls, how a train can move without moving, and the secret behind a game that a knowledgeable player always wins. It's a brain workout for the smartest problem solvers.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 984 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1976
Category : Religion and science
ISBN : MINN:31951D00332492V

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Faith and Thought by Anonim Pdf

Author : Clarence Raymond Wylie
Publisher : Courier Corporation
Page : 150 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 1957
Category : Educational games
ISBN : 0486203670

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101 Puzzles in Thought and Logic by Clarence Raymond Wylie Pdf

Contains over one hundred problems in which reasoning is required to reach the answer, ranging from easy to relatively difficult. Includes solutions.

Author : American Philosophical Association
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1314 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : UCD:31175034487572

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Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association by American Philosophical Association Pdf

List of members in v. 1-

Author : United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1436 pages
File Size : 50,5 Mb
Release : 1970
Category : Legislative hearings
ISBN : UCAL:B3611866

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Hearings, Reports and Prints of the House Select Committee on Small Business by United States. Congress. House. Select Committee on Small Business Pdf

Author : Spots for M.A.T.H.
Publisher : Spots Educational Resources
Page : 224 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2012-08
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780989316804

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Spots for MATH - Teacher's Edition - Grade 1, Volume 2 by Spots for M.A.T.H. Pdf

Author : The Times Mind Games
Publisher : Times Books
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2014-01-16
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0007516932

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The Times Fiendish Su Doku Book 7: 200 Challenging Puzzles from the Times (the Times Su Doku) by The Times Mind Games Pdf

Challenge yourself at home with word and number puzzles This is the seventh title in the Fiendish series - the latest volume of quality previously unpublished puzzles from the puzzle providers to the Times. You don't need to be a mathematical genius to solve the puzzles in this collection of Fiendishly difficult puzzles, it is simply a question of logic. Since the first Su Doku puzzle appeared in The Times in November 2004 they have become a phenomenon, with over 5 million copies of the Times Su Doku series sold worldwide. The puzzles in the collection are of the highest quality - from the puzzle suppliers to The Times. Perfect for the advanced solver in need of a constant supply of ultra-difficult puzzles, and guaranteed to provide hours of mind-stretching entertainment.