Simply Rational

Author : Gerd Gigerenzer
Publisher : Evolution and Cognition
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9780199390076

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Simply Rational by Gerd Gigerenzer Pdf

Statistical illiteracy can have an enormously negative impact on decision making. This volume of collected papers brings together applied and theoretical research on risks and decision making across the fields of medicine, psychology, and economics. Collectively, the essays demonstrate why the frame in which statistics are communicated is essential for broader understanding and sound decision making, and that understanding risks and uncertainty has wide-reaching implications for daily life. Gerd Gigerenzer provides a lucid review and catalog of concrete instances of heuristics, or rules of thumb, that people and animals rely on to make decisions under uncertainty, explaining why these are very often more rational than probability models. After a critical look at behavioral theories that do not model actual psychological processes, the book concludes with a call for a heuristic revolution that will enable us to understand the ecological rationality of both statistics and heuristics, and bring a dose of sanity to the study of rationality.

Author : Hung-Hsi Wu
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2020-06-18
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781470456757

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Rational Numbers to Linear Equations by Hung-Hsi Wu Pdf

This is the first of three volumes that, together, give an exposition of the mathematics of grades 9–12 that is simultaneously mathematically correct and grade-level appropriate. The volumes are consistent with CCSSM (Common Core State Standards for Mathematics) and aim at presenting the mathematics of K–12 as a totally transparent subject. The present volume begins with fractions, then rational numbers, then introductory geometry that can make sense of the slope of a line, then an explanation of the correct use of symbols that makes sense of “variables”, and finally a systematic treatment of linear equations that explains why the graph of a linear equation in two variables is a straight line and why the usual solution method for simultaneous linear equations “by substitutions” is correct. This book should be useful for current and future teachers of K–12 mathematics, as well as for some high school students and for education professionals.

Author : Robert Audi
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190221850

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Rational Belief by Robert Audi Pdf

Rational Belief provides conceptions of belief and knowledge, offers a theory of how they are grounded, and connects them with the will and thereby with action, moral responsibility, and intellectual virtue. A unifying element is a commitment to representing epistemology-which is centrally concerned with belief-as integrated with a plausible philosophy of mind that does justice both to the nature of belief and to the conditions for its formation and regulation. Part One centers on belief and its relation to the will. It explores our control of our beliefs, and it describes several forms belief may take and shows how beliefs are connected with the world outside the mind. Part Two concerns normative aspects of epistemology, explores the nature of intellectual virtue, and presents a theory of moral perception. The book also offers a theory of the grounds of both justification and knowledge and shows how these grounds bear on the self-evident. Rationality is distinguished from justification; each clarified in relation to the other; and the epistemological importance of the phenomenal-for instance, of intuitional experience and other "private" aspects of mental life-is explored. The final section addresses social epistemology. It offers a theory of testimony as essential in human knowledge and a related account of the rational resolution of disagreements.

Author : Robert E. McCue,Meera Balasubramaniam
Publisher : Springer
Page : 229 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2016-10-27
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9783319326726

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Rational Suicide in the Elderly by Robert E. McCue,Meera Balasubramaniam Pdf

This book provides a comprehensive view of rational suicide in the elderly, a group that has nearly twice the rate of suicide when chronically ill than any other demographic. Its frame of reference does not endorse a single point-of-view about the legitimacy of rational suicide, which is evolving across societies with little guidance for geriatric mental health professionals. Instead, it serves as a resource for both those clinicians who agree that older people may rationally commit suicide and those who believe that this wish may require further assessment and treatment. The first chapters of the book provides an overview of rational suicide in the elderly, examining it through history and across cultures also addressing the special case of baby boomers. This book takes an ethical and philosophical look at whether suicide can truly be rational and whether the nearness of death in late-life adults means that suicide should be considered differently than in younger adults. Clinical criteria for rational suicide in the elderly are proposed in this book for the first time, as well as a guidelines for the psychosocial profile of an older adult who wants to commit rational suicide. Unlike any other book, this text examines the existential, psychological, and psychodynamic perspectives. A chapter on terminal mental illness and a consideration of suicide in that context and proposed interventions even without a diagnosable mental illness also plays a vital role in this book as these are key issues in within the question of suicide among the elderly. This book is the first to consider all preventative measures, including the spiritual as well as the psychotherapeutic, and pharmacologic. A commentary on modern society, aging, and rational suicide that ties all of these elements together, making this the ultimate guide for addressing suicide among the elderly. Rational Suicide in the Elderly is an excellent resource for all medical professionals with potentially suicidal patients, including geriatricians, geriatric and general psychiatrists, geriatric nurses, social workers, and public health officials.

Author : Lawrence A. Young
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2016-04-29
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134953493

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Rational Choice Theory and Religion by Lawrence A. Young Pdf

Rational Choice Theory and Religion considers one of the major developments in the social scientific paradigms that promises to foster a greater theoretical unity among the disciplines of sociology, political science, economics and psychology. Applying the theory of rational choice--the theory that each individual will make her choice to maximize gain and minimize cost--to the study of religion, Lawrence Young has brought together a group of internationally renowned scholars to examine this important development within the field of religion for the first time.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 880 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1897
Category : Electronic
ISBN : PRNC:32101064462607

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The Arena by Anonim Pdf

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 1891
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : PRNC:32101043988060

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American Journal of Mathematics by Anonim Pdf

The American Journal of Mathematics publishes research papers and articles of broad appeal covering the major areas of contemporary mathematics.

Author : David Gauthier
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 357 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-18
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780192842992

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Rational Deliberation by David Gauthier Pdf

For several decades, David Gauthier has been one of the leading philosophers working on practical rationality and deliberation. This book presents a selection of Gauthier's writings on these topics, all but two of which were written after Morals by Agreement (OUP, 1986). They represent Gauthier's most important contributions to the theory of practical reason, moving some distance from the view a first presented in Reason and Maximization and developed in a much-reprinted chapter of Morals by Agreement. These essays challenge common misconceptions of Gauthier's revisionist conception of practical rationality, and provide important insights with implications for economic theory.

Author : A. Mintz
Publisher : Springer
Page : 175 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2016-04-30
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781137078483

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Integrating Cognitive and Rational Theories of Foreign Policy Decision Making by A. Mintz Pdf

There are two dominant approaches to political decision making in general and foreign policy decision making in particular: rational choice and cognitive psychology. The essays here introduce and test the poliheuristic theory of decision making that integrates elements of both schools. The poliheuristic theory is able to account for the outcome and the process of decisions, and integrates across levels of analysis (individual, dyad, and group). The collection focuses on both elements of the theory itself and also looks at how the theory can be used to better understand political decisions that were made in the past.

Author : Boaz Ganor
Publisher : Columbia University Press
Page : 235 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2015-05-05
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780231538916

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Global Alert by Boaz Ganor Pdf

Many associate terrorism with irrational behavior and believe only lunatics could perpetuate such horrific acts. Global Alert debunks this myth by anatomizing the rationale behind modern terrorism. It draws a distinct picture of its root and instrumental causes and plots the different stages of a terrorist attack, from indoctrination and recruitment to planning, preparation, and launch. Global Alert also exposes the measured exploitation of democratic institutions by terrorists to further their goals. Despite its strong capabilities and extensive resources, the modern liberal-democratic state is nevertheless subject to the rules of war, which partially restrict the state's ability to operate and maneuver. Boaz Ganor shows how terrorist organizations exploit these values to paralyze or neutralize the states they oppose. In outlining this new "hybrid" terrorist organization and its activity in both the military–terrorist arena and the political–welfare arena, Ganor advances an international doctrine for governing military operations between state and nonstate actors as part of a new type of armed conflict termed "multidimensional warfare."

Author : Errol Lord
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-24
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780192546746

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The Importance of Being Rational by Errol Lord Pdf

The Importance of Being Rational systematically defends a novel reasons-based account of rationality. The book's central thesis is that what it is for one to be rational is to correctly respond to the normative reasons one possesses. Errol Lord defends novel views about what it is to possess reasons and what it is to correctly respond to reasons. He shows that these views not only help to support the book's main thesis, they also help to resolve several important problems that are independent of rationality. The account of possession provides novel contributions to debates about what determines what we ought to do, and the account of correctly responding to reasons provides novel contributions to debates about causal theories of reacting for reasons. After defending views about possession and correctly responding, Lord shows that the account of rationality can solve two difficult problems about rationality. The first is the New Evil Demon problem. The book argues that the account has the resources to show that internal duplicates necessarily have the same rational status. The second problem concerns the deontic significance of rationality. Recently it has been doubted whether we ought to be rational. The ultimate conclusion of the book is that the requirements of rationality are the requirements that we ultimately ought to comply with. If this is right, then rationality is of fundamental importance to our deliberative lives.

Author : John Seymour Wood
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 894 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 1895
Category : Universities and colleges
ISBN : UOM:39015013731628

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The Bachelor of Arts by John Seymour Wood Pdf

A monthly magazine devoted to university interests and general literature.

Author : Christina Boswell
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 284 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2017-05-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781351890472

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The Ethics of Refugee Policy by Christina Boswell Pdf

What duties do liberal democratic states owe to refugees? Does international refugee law impose unfeasible demands on states? This highly original contribution explores what theories of international ethics have to say about refugee policy. It advances an innovative critique of prevalent liberal approaches, showing how their assumptions about moral agency create unfeasible expectations about international justice. It sets out an alternative theory, showing how this could be more adept at mobilizing commitment to refugee rights. The volume will be of interest not just to scholars and students of applied ethics, but also to those more generally interested in debates on refugee and migration policy. It presents a clear and thorough discussion of liberal political theory and its application to questions of international justice, and provides insights into the philosophical sources of debates on liberal versus restrictive approaches to refugee policy.

Author : Rafael Wittek,Tom A.B. Snijders,Victor Nee
Publisher : Stanford University Press
Page : 625 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-06-05
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780804785501

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The Handbook of Rational Choice Social Research by Rafael Wittek,Tom A.B. Snijders,Victor Nee Pdf

The Handbook of Rational Choice Social Research offers the first comprehensive overview of how the rational choice paradigm can inform empirical research within the social sciences. This landmark collection highlights successful empirical applications across a broad array of disciplines, including sociology, political science, economics, history, and psychology. Taking on issues ranging from financial markets and terrorism to immigration, race relations, and emotions, and a huge variety of other phenomena, rational choice proves a useful tool for theory- driven social research. Each chapter uses a rational choice framework to elaborate on testable hypotheses and then apply this to empirical research, including experimental research, survey studies, ethnographies, and historical investigations. Useful to students and scholars across the social sciences, this handbook will reinvigorate discussions about the utility and versatility of the rational choice approach, its key assumptions, and tools.

Author : Lawrence Boland,Tom Warlow
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 355 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2003-04-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134498093

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Foundations of Economic Method by Lawrence Boland,Tom Warlow Pdf

This updated edition is radically changed from the original and will be much appreciated by thinkers within economics. Boland is back.