Slaves Contrabands And Freedmen Union Policy In The Civil War

Author : CDR Michelle J. Howard USN
Publisher : Pickle Partners Publishing
Page : 109 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2015-11-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9781782899396

Get Book

Slaves, Contrabands, And Freedmen: Union Policy In The Civil War by CDR Michelle J. Howard USN Pdf

This study examines Union slave policy in the Civil War. Prior to the initiation of hostilities, President Abraham Lincoln stated that the conflict between the states was over the preservation of the Union, and not over slavery. The administration was concerned that a war policy centered on slavery would result in the loss of the Border States. The war started without a slave policy promulgated from the administration to the War Department. By May of 1861, fugitive slaves had entered Union lines and were retained by military commanders as “Contraband of War.” The Union employed over 200,000 fugitive slaves before the war ended. Military commanders were forced to create slave policy to handle overwhelming numbers of runaway slaves. Local military policy impacted the administration’s agenda. In response, the administration would variously support, dismiss, or ignore the commanders. As the war progressed, Union slave policy caused conflict within and outside the military chain of command. As the conflicts became publicized, President Lincoln created or agreed to slavery policies that conformed to changing congressional and public opinion. The administration had been forced to deal with the issue it had sought to avoid. Military decisions in the field had impacted national goals.

Author : Louis S. Gerteis
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 536 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : African Americans
ISBN : WISC:89000926287

Get Book

From Contraband to Freedman by Louis S. Gerteis Pdf

This thesis posits that for the military and many government officials, emancipation of slaves was a military, not social, necessity. Some freedmen joined the Union Army, while approximately 193,000 of almost 1,000,000 freedmen within Union lines were organized by the federal government as laborers in contraband camps. The Freedmen's Bureau was created within the War Department in 1865 to aid the approximately 1,000,000 former slaves through education, health care and employment. The author asserts that because emancipation came as a war necessity, the contraband labor system succeeded only to the extent that the freedmen usefully served the needs of the Union Army. Once the Civil War ended, the system virtually collapsed and the Freedmen's Bureau did little more than liquidate the wartime labor programs while facilitating the restoration of antebellum property rights and trying to institute a contract labor system instead of creating a class of independent black farmers.

Author : Abraham Lincoln
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 114 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2009-08-27
Category : History
ISBN : 9780141956633

Get Book

The Gettysburg Address by Abraham Lincoln Pdf

The Address was delivered at the dedication of the Soldiers' National Cemetery in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, on the afternoon of Thursday, November 19, 1863, during the American Civil War, four and a half months after the Union armies defeated those of the Confederacy at the decisive Battle of Gettysburg. In just over two minutes, Lincoln invoked the principles of human equality espoused by the Declaration of Independence and redefined the Civil War as a struggle not merely for the Union, but as "a new birth of freedom" that would bring true equality to all of its citizens, and that would also create a unified nation in which states' rights were no longer dominant. Throughout history, some books have changed the world. They have transformed the way we see ourselves - and each other. They have inspired debate, dissent, war and revolution. They have enlightened, outraged, provoked and comforted. They have enriched lives - and destroyed them. Now Penguin brings you the works of the great thinkers, pioneers, radicals and visionaries whose ideas shook civilization and helped make us who we are.

Author : Louis Gerteis
Publisher : Praeger
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1973-08-24
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015009208086

Get Book

From Contraband to Freedman by Louis Gerteis Pdf

Author : Barbara Brooks Tomblin
Publisher : University Press of Kentucky
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2009-10-09
Category : History
ISBN : 9780813139272

Get Book

Bluejackets and Contrabands by Barbara Brooks Tomblin Pdf

One of the lesser-known stories of the Civil War is the role played by escaped slaves in the Union blockade along the Atlantic coast. From the beginning of the war, many African American refugees sought avenues of escape to the North. Due to their sheer numbers, those who reached Union forces presented a problem for the military. Fortunately, the First Confiscation Act of 1861 permitted the seizure of property used in support of the South's war effort, including slaves. Eventually regarded as contraband of war, the runaways became known as contrabands. In Bluejackets and Contrabands, Barbara Brooks Tomblin examines the relationship between the Union Navy and the contrabands. The navy established colonies for the former slaves, and, in return, some contrabands served as crewmen on navy ships and gunboats and as river pilots, spies, and guides. Tomblin presents a rare picture of the contrabands and casts light on the vital contributions of African Americans to the Union Navy and the Union cause.

Author : Ira Berlin
Publisher : CUP Archive
Page : 906 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : History
ISBN : 0521229790

Get Book

Freedom: Volume 1, Series 1: The Destruction of Slavery by Ira Berlin Pdf

Contains primary source material.

Author : Jim Downs
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 280 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2012-05-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199908783

Get Book

Sick from Freedom by Jim Downs Pdf

Bondspeople who fled from slavery during and after the Civil War did not expect that their flight toward freedom would lead to sickness, disease, suffering, and death. But the war produced the largest biological crisis of the nineteenth century, and as historian Jim Downs reveals in this groundbreaking volume, it had deadly consequences for hundreds of thousands of freed people. In Sick from Freedom, Downs recovers the untold story of one of the bitterest ironies in American history--that the emancipation of the slaves, seen as one of the great turning points in U.S. history, had devastating consequences for innumerable freed people. Drawing on massive new research into the records of the Medical Division of the Freedmen's Bureau-a nascent national health system that cared for more than one million freed slaves-he shows how the collapse of the plantation economy released a plague of lethal diseases. With emancipation, African Americans seized the chance to move, migrating as never before. But in their journey to freedom, they also encountered yellow fever, smallpox, cholera, dysentery, malnutrition, and exposure. To address this crisis, the Medical Division hired more than 120 physicians, establishing some forty underfinanced and understaffed hospitals scattered throughout the South, largely in response to medical emergencies. Downs shows that the goal of the Medical Division was to promote a healthy workforce, an aim which often excluded a wide range of freedpeople, including women, the elderly, the physically disabled, and children. Downs concludes by tracing how the Reconstruction policy was then implemented in the American West, where it was disastrously applied to Native Americans. The widespread medical calamity sparked by emancipation is an overlooked episode of the Civil War and its aftermath, poignantly revealed in Sick from Freedom.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 968 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1985
Category : African Americans
ISBN : 0521132134

Get Book

Freedom by Anonim Pdf

Author : Chandra Manning
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2017-07-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780307456373

Get Book

Troubled Refuge by Chandra Manning Pdf

From the author of What This Cruel War Was Over, a vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps and how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Chandra Manning casts in a wholly original light what it was like to escape slavery, how emancipation happened, and how citizenship in the United States was transformed. This reshaping of hard structures of power would matter not only for slaves turned citizens, but for all Americans. Integrating a wealth of new findings, this vivid portrait of the Union army’s escaped-slave refugee camps shows how they shaped the course of emancipation and citizenship in the United States. Drawing on records of the Union and Confederate armies, the letters and diaries of soldiers, transcribed testimonies of former slaves, and more, Manning allows us to accompany the black men, women, and children who sought out the Union army in hopes of achieving autonomy for themselves and their communities. It also raised, for the first time, humanitarian questions about refugees in wartime and legal questions about civil and military authority with which we still wrestle, as well as redefined American citizenship, to the benefit, but also to the lasting cost of, African Americans.

Author : Allen C. Guelzo
Publisher : Simon and Schuster
Page : 414 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2006-11-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781416547952

Get Book

Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation by Allen C. Guelzo Pdf

One of the nation's foremost Lincoln scholars offers an authoritative consideration of the document that represents the most far-reaching accomplishment of our greatest president. No single official paper in American history changed the lives of as many Americans as Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation. But no American document has been held up to greater suspicion. Its bland and lawyerlike language is unfavorably compared to the soaring eloquence of the Gettysburg Address and the Second Inaugural; its effectiveness in freeing the slaves has been dismissed as a legal illusion. And for some African-Americans the Proclamation raises doubts about Lincoln himself. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation dispels the myths and mistakes surrounding the Emancipation Proclamation and skillfully reconstructs how America's greatest president wrote the greatest American proclamation of freedom.

Author : Chandra Manning
Publisher : Vintage
Page : 364 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2007-04-03
Category : History
ISBN : 9780307267436

Get Book

What This Cruel War Was Over by Chandra Manning Pdf

Using letters, diaries, and regimental newspapers to take us inside the minds of Civil War soldiers—black and white, Northern and Southern—as they fought and marched across a divided country, this unprecedented account is “an essential contribution to our understanding of slavery and the Civil War" (The Philadelphia Inquirer). In this unprecedented account, Chandra Manning With stunning poise and narrative verve, Manning explores how the Union and Confederate soldiers came to identify slavery as the central issue of the war and what that meant for a tumultuous nation. This is a brilliant and eye-opening debut and an invaluable addition to our understanding of the Civil War as it has never been rendered before.

Author : Ira Berlin
Publisher : Booksales
Page : 571 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1997-03-01
Category : African Americans
ISBN : 0785808043

Get Book

Free at Last by Ira Berlin Pdf

Summary: Brings together letters, along with personal testimony, official transcripts, and other records documenting the story of how black Americans achieved their freedom.

Author : Kristen Epps
Publisher : University of Georgia Press
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : History
ISBN : 9780820350509

Get Book

Slavery on the Periphery by Kristen Epps Pdf

Slavery on the Periphery focuses on nineteen counties on the Kansas-Missouri border, tracing slavery's rise and fall from the earliest years of American settlement through the Civil War along this critical geographical, political, and social fault line.

Author : Douglas A. Blackmon
Publisher : Icon Books
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2012-10-04
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781848314139

Get Book

Slavery by Another Name by Douglas A. Blackmon Pdf

A Pulitzer Prize-winning history of the mistreatment of black Americans. In this 'precise and eloquent work' - as described in its Pulitzer Prize citation - Douglas A. Blackmon brings to light one of the most shameful chapters in American history - an 'Age of Neoslavery' that thrived in the aftermath of the Civil War through the dawn of World War II. Using a vast record of original documents and personal narratives, Blackmon unearths the lost stories of slaves and their descendants who journeyed into freedom after the Emancipation Proclamation and then back into the shadow of involuntary servitude thereafter. By turns moving, sobering and shocking, this unprecedented account reveals these stories, the companies that profited the most from neoslavery, and the insidious legacy of racism that reverberates today.

Author : Alice L Baumgartner
Publisher : Basic Books
Page : 362 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2020-11-10
Category : History
ISBN : 9781541617773

Get Book

South to Freedom by Alice L Baumgartner Pdf

A brilliant and surprising account of the coming of the American Civil War, showing the crucial role of slaves who escaped to Mexico. The Underground Railroad to the North promised salvation to many American slaves before the Civil War. But thousands of people in the south-central United States escaped slavery not by heading north but by crossing the southern border into Mexico, where slavery was abolished in 1837. In South to Freedom, historianAlice L. Baumgartner tells the story of why Mexico abolished slavery and how its increasingly radical antislavery policies fueled the sectional crisis in the United States. Southerners hoped that annexing Texas and invading Mexico in the 1840s would stop runaways and secure slavery's future. Instead, the seizure of Alta California and Nuevo México upset the delicate political balance between free and slave states. This is a revelatory and essential new perspective on antebellum America and the causes of the Civil War.