Social Complexity And Complex Systems In Archaeology

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Social Complexity and Complex Systems in Archaeology

Dries Daems
Social Complexity and Complex Systems in Archaeology Book PDF

Author : Dries Daems
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 228 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2021-02-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781000344738

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Social Complexity and Complex Systems in Archaeology by Dries Daems Pdf

Social Complexity and Complex Systems in Archaeology turns to complex systems thinking in search of a suitable framework to explore social complexity in Archaeology. Social complexity in archaeology is commonly related to properties of complex societies such as states, as opposed to so-called simple societies such as tribes or chiefdoms. These conceptualisations of complexity are ultimately rooted in Eurocentric perspectives with problematic implications for the field of archaeology. This book provides an in-depth conceptualisation of social complexity as the core concept in archaeological and interdisciplinary studies of the past, integrating approaches from complex systems thinking, archaeological theory, social practice theory, and sustainability and resilience science. The book covers a long-term perspective of social change and stability, tracing the full cycle of complexity trajectories, from emergence and development to collapse, regeneration and transformation of communities and societies. It offers a broad vision on social complexity as a core concept for the present and future development of archaeology. This book is intended to be a valuable resource for students and scholars in the field of archaeology and related disciplines such as history, anthropology, sociology, as well as the natural sciences studying human-environment interactions in the past.

Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology

Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree
Agent Based Modeling for Archaeology Book PDF

Author : Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree
Publisher : SFI Press
Page : 442 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2021-08-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781947864382

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Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology by Iza Romanowska,Colin D. Wren,Stefani A. Crabtree Pdf

To fully understand not only the past, but also the trajectories, of human societies, we need a more dynamic view of human social systems. Agent-based modeling (ABM), which can create fine-scale models of behavior over time and space, may reveal important, general patterns of human activity. Agent-Based Modeling for Archaeology is the first ABM textbook designed for researchers studying the human past. Appropriate for scholars from archaeology, the digital humanities, and other social sciences, this book offers novices and more experienced ABM researchers a modular approach to learning ABM and using it effectively. Readers will find the necessary background, discussion of modeling techniques and traps, references, and algorithms to use ABM in their own work. They will also find engaging examples of how other scholars have applied ABM, ranging from the study of the intercontinental migration pathways of early hominins, to the weather–crop–population cycles of the American Southwest, to the trade networks of Ancient Rome. This textbook provides the foundations needed to simulate the complexity of past human societies, offering researchers a richer understanding of the past—and likely future—of our species.

The Collapse of Complex Societies

Joseph Tainter
The Collapse of Complex Societies Book PDF

Author : Joseph Tainter
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 1988
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 052138673X

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The Collapse of Complex Societies by Joseph Tainter Pdf

Dr Tainter describes nearly two dozen cases of collapse and reviews more than 2000 years of explanations. He then develops a new and far-reaching theory.

Complex Systems and Archaeology

R. Alexander Bentley,Herbert D. G. Maschner
Complex Systems and Archaeology Book PDF

Author : R. Alexander Bentley,Herbert D. G. Maschner
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : UVA:X004701756

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Complex Systems and Archaeology by R. Alexander Bentley,Herbert D. G. Maschner Pdf

Complexity science transects many fields ranging from physics to economics to biology. Its focus is the study of systems of interacting factors, which has lately been extended to include behavior in human societies. In prehistoric societies, whether these agents are defined at the scale of individuals, groups, households, or villages all agents are connected in such a way that change in the actions of one affects many others. Complex Systems and Archaeology presents a useful introduction to complexity theory followed by a series of case studies in which human societies and environments are viewed as open systems into and out of which matter or energy can flow. Examples of such systems include the introduction of new crops, the creation of new artifacts, or the flux of products in a market. This volume will have important implications for how archaeologists understand the dynamics of culture change and how they think about chronological stages, unique events, and the role of human agents.

What Is a Complex System?

James Ladyman,K. Wiesner
What Is a Complex System Book PDF

Author : James Ladyman,K. Wiesner
Publisher : Yale University Press
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2020-08-05
Category : Computational complexity
ISBN : 9780300251104

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What Is a Complex System? by James Ladyman,K. Wiesner Pdf

A clear, concise introduction to the quickly growing field of complexity science that explains its conceptual and mathematical foundations What is a complex system? Although "complexity science" is used to understand phenomena as diverse as the behavior of honeybees, the economic markets, the human brain, and the climate, there is no agreement about its foundations. In this introduction for students, academics, and general readers, philosopher of science James Ladyman and physicist Karoline Wiesner develop an account of complexity that brings the different concepts and mathematical measures applied to complex systems into a single framework. They introduce the different features of complex systems, discuss different conceptions of complexity, and develop their own account. They explain why complexity science is so important in today's world.

Specialization, Exchange and Complex Societies

Elizabeth M. Brumfiel,Timothy K. Earle
Specialization Exchange and Complex Societies Book PDF

Author : Elizabeth M. Brumfiel,Timothy K. Earle
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1987-01-22
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0521321182

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Specialization, Exchange and Complex Societies by Elizabeth M. Brumfiel,Timothy K. Earle Pdf

This book, a comparative study of specialised production in prehistoric societies, examines approaches to specialization and exchange.

The Evolution of Social Institutions

Dmitri M. Bondarenko,Stephen A. Kowalewski,David B. Small
The Evolution of Social Institutions Book PDF

Author : Dmitri M. Bondarenko,Stephen A. Kowalewski,David B. Small
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 662 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2020-09-12
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783030514372

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The Evolution of Social Institutions by Dmitri M. Bondarenko,Stephen A. Kowalewski,David B. Small Pdf

This book presents a novel and innovative approach to the study of social evolution using case studies from the Old and the New World, from prehistory to the present. This approach is based on examining social evolution through the evolution of social institutions. Evolution is defined as the process of structural change. Within this framework the society, or culture, is seen as a system composed of a vast number of social institutions that are constantly interacting and changing. As a result, the structure of society as a whole is also evolving and changing. The authors posit that the combination of evolving social institutions explains the non-linear character of social evolution and that every society develops along its own pathway and pace. Within this framework, society should be seen as the result of the compound effect of the interactions of social institutions specific to it. Further, the transformation of social institutions and relations between them is taking place not only within individual societies but also globally, as institutions may be trans-societal, and even institutions that operate in one society can arise as a reaction to trans-societal trends and demands. The book argues that it may be more productive to look at institutions even within a given society as being parts of trans-societal systems of institutions since, despite their interconnectedness, societies still have boundaries, which their members usually know and respect. Accordingly, the book is a must-read for researchers and scholars in various disciplines who are interested in a better understanding of the origins, history, successes and failures of social institutions.

Cooperation and Collective Action

David M. Carballo
Cooperation and Collective Action Book PDF

Author : David M. Carballo
Publisher : University Press of Colorado
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-15
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781457174087

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Cooperation and Collective Action by David M. Carballo Pdf

"[Cooperation research] is one of the busiest and most exciting areas of transdisciplinary science right now, linking evolution, ecology and social science. . . this is the first major work or collection to address linkages between archaeology and cooperation research."—Michael E. Smith, Arizona State University Past archaeological literature on cooperation theory has emphasized competition's role in cultural evolution. As a result, bottom-up possibilities for group cooperation have been under theorized in favor of models stressing top-down leadership, while evidence from a range of disciplines has demonstrated humans to effectively sustain cooperative undertakings through a number of social norms and institutions. Cooperation and Collective Action is the first volume to focus on the use of archaeological evidence to understand cooperation and collective action. Disentangling the motivations and institutions that foster group cooperation among competitive individuals remains one of the few great conundrums within evolutionary theory. The breadth and material focus of archaeology provide a much needed complement to existing research on cooperation and collective action, which thus far has relied largely on game-theoretic modeling, surveys of college students from affluent countries, brief ethnographic experiments, and limited historic cases. In Cooperation and Collective Action, diverse case studies address the evolution of the emergence of norms, institutions, and symbols of complex societies through the last 10,000 years. This book is an important contribution to the literature on cooperation in human societies that will appeal to archaeologists and other scholars interested in cooperation research.

Complexity

John Henry Holland
Complexity Book PDF

Author : John Henry Holland
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 121 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : History
ISBN : 9780199662548

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Complexity by John Henry Holland Pdf

In this very short introduction, John Holland presents an introduction to the science of complexity. Using examples from biology and economics, he shows how complexity science models the behaviour of complex systems.

Bones of Complexity

Haagen D. Klaus,Harvey, Amanda R,Mark N. Cohen
Bones of Complexity Book PDF

Author : Haagen D. Klaus,Harvey, Amanda R,Mark N. Cohen
Publisher : University Press of Florida
Page : 511 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2017-04-11
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780813052595

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Bones of Complexity by Haagen D. Klaus,Harvey, Amanda R,Mark N. Cohen Pdf

"Provides data and information that can be used for comparative analysis and as a foundation for further exploration. Inviting research from various geographic, cultural, and temporal locales from around the globe, the editors present a complex snapshot of the past."--Anne L. Grauer, editor of A Companion to Paleopathology "This cohesive collection of empirically based studies integrates biological and archaeological data in order to investigate social behavior and its linkages with human health. Relevant to anyone interested in the intersections of culture, health, and biology."--Jaime M. Ullinger, codirector, Quinnipiac University Bioanthropology Research Institute Drawing upon wide-ranging studies of prehistoric human remains from Europe, northern Africa, Asia, and the Americas, this groundbreaking volume unites physical anthropologists, archaeologists, and economists to explore how social structure can be reflected in the human skeleton. Contributors identify many ways in which social, political, and economic inequality have affected health, disease, metabolic insufficiency, growth, and diet. The volume makes a strong case for a broader integration of bioarchaeology with mortuary archaeology as its distinctive approaches offer new ways to look at power, resources, social organization, and the shape of human lives over time and across cultures. A volume in the series Bioarchaeological Interpretations of the Human Past: Local, Regional, and Global Perspectives, edited by Clark Spencer Larsen

Complexity Economics

Koenraad Verboven
Complexity Economics Book PDF

Author : Koenraad Verboven
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783030478988

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Complexity Economics by Koenraad Verboven Pdf

Economic archaeology and ancient economic history have boomed the past decades. The former thanks to greatly enhanced techniques to identify, collect, and interpret material remains as proxies for economic interactions and performance; the latter by embracing the frameworks of new institutional economics. Both disciplines, however, still have great difficulty talking with each other. There is no reliable method to convert ancient proxy-data into the economic indicators used in economic history. In turn, the shared cultural belief-systems underlying institutions and the symbolic ways in which these are reproduced remain invisible in the material record. This book explores ways to bring both disciplines closer together by building a theoretical and methodological framework to evaluate and integrate archaeological proxy-data in economic history research. Rather than the linear interpretations offered by neoclassical or neomalthusian models, we argue that complexity economics, based on system theory, offers a promising way forward.

Social Emergence

R. Keith Sawyer
Social Emergence Book PDF

Author : R. Keith Sawyer
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 296 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2005-10-27
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 0521844649

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Social Emergence by R. Keith Sawyer Pdf

This book argues that societies are complex dynamical systems that can be understood through the concept of emergence.

Complex Systems and Population Health

Yorghos Apostolopoulos,Kristen Hassmiller Lich,Michael K. Lemke
Complex Systems and Population Health Book PDF

Author : Yorghos Apostolopoulos,Kristen Hassmiller Lich,Michael K. Lemke
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 336 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2020-05-29
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780190880767

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Complex Systems and Population Health by Yorghos Apostolopoulos,Kristen Hassmiller Lich,Michael K. Lemke Pdf

Currently, population health science is an integral part of global academic curricula. For over a century, the principles of the reductionist paradigm have guided population health curricula, training, research, and action. Researchers continue to draw upon these principles when theorizing, conceptualizing, designing studies, analyzing, and devising interventions to tackle complex population health problems. However, unresolved impasses in addressing pressing population health challenges have catalyzed calls for the integration of complex-systems-science-grounded approaches into population health science. Mounting evidence denotes that a complex systems paradigm can bring about dramatic, multipronged changes for education and training, and lead to innovative research, interventions, and policies. Despite the large and untapped promise of complex systems, the haphazard knowledge base from which academics, researchers, students, policymakers, and practitioners can draw has slowed their integration into the population health sciences. This volume fulfils this growing need by providing the knowledge base necessary to introduce a holistic complex systems paradigm in population health science. As such, it is the first comprehensive book in population health science that meaningfully integrates complex systems theory, methodology, modeling, computational simulation, and real-world applications, while incorporating current population health theoretical, methodological and analytical perspectives. It is intended as a programmatic primer across a broad spectrum of population health stakeholders: from university professors and graduate students, to researchers, policymakers, and practitioners.

Small Groups as Complex Systems

Holly Arrow,Joseph E. McGrath,Jennifer L. Berdahl
Small Groups as Complex Systems Book PDF

Author : Holly Arrow,Joseph E. McGrath,Jennifer L. Berdahl
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2000-03-21
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781452238500

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Small Groups as Complex Systems by Holly Arrow,Joseph E. McGrath,Jennifer L. Berdahl Pdf

What are groups? How do they behave? Arrow, McGrath, and Berdahl answer these questions by developing a general theory of small groups as complex systems. Basing their theory on concepts distilled from general systems theory, dynamical systems theory, and complexity and chaos theory, they explore groups as adaptive, dynamic systems that are driven by interactions among group members as well as between the group and its embedding contexts. In addition, they consider not only the group's members and their distribution of attributes, but also the group's tasks and technology in order to understand how those members, tasks, and tools are intertwined, coordinated, and adjusted. Throughout the book, the authors focus our attention on relationships among people, tools, and tasks that are activated by a combination of individual and collective purposes and goals that change and evolve as the group interacts over time.

Collapse

Jared Diamond
Collapse Book PDF

Author : Jared Diamond
Publisher : Penguin UK
Page : 608 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2013-03-21
Category : History
ISBN : 9780141976969

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Collapse by Jared Diamond Pdf

From the author of Guns, Germs and Steel, Jared Diamond's Collapse: How Societies Choose to Fail or Survive is a visionary study of the mysterious downfall of past civilizations. Now in a revised edition with a new afterword, Jared Diamond's Collapse uncovers the secret behind why some societies flourish, while others founder - and what this means for our future. What happened to the people who made the forlorn long-abandoned statues of Easter Island? What happened to the architects of the crumbling Maya pyramids? Will we go the same way, our skyscrapers one day standing derelict and overgrown like the temples at Angkor Wat? Bringing together new evidence from a startling range of sources and piecing together the myriad influences, from climate to culture, that make societies self-destruct, Jared Diamond's Collapse also shows how - unlike our ancestors - we can benefit from our knowledge of the past and learn to be survivors. 'A grand sweep from a master storyteller of the human race' - Daily Mail 'Riveting, superb, terrifying' - Observer 'Gripping ... the book fulfils its huge ambition, and Diamond is the only man who could have written it' - Economis 'This book shines like all Diamond's work' - Sunday Times