Social Justice And Individual Ethics In An Open Society

Author : Frank Vandenbroucke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9783642594762

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Social Justice and Individual Ethics in an Open Society by Frank Vandenbroucke Pdf

Can the need for incentives justify inequality? Starting from this question, Frank Vandenbroucke examines a conception of justice in which both equality and responsibility are involved. In the first part of the inquiry, which explores the implementation of that conception of justice, the justification of incentives assumes that agents make personal choices based only upon their own interests. The second part of the book challenges the idea that a normative conception of distributive justice can be based on that traditional assumption, i.e. that personal choices are not the subject matter of justice. Thus, Vandenbroucke questions the Rawlsian idea that the primary subject of a theory of justice is the basic structure of society, and not the individual conduct of its citizens. For a society to be really just, the ethos of individual conduct has to serve justice. Non-mathematical readers can skip the formal model proposed in Chapter 3 and understand the rest of the book.

Author : Frank Vandenbroucke
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2001-03-13
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3642594778

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Social Justice and Individual Ethics in an Open Society by Frank Vandenbroucke Pdf

Author : Gerald Gaus
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 305 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2021-08-06
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780190648992

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The Open Society and Its Complexities by Gerald Gaus Pdf

A mere two decades ago it was widely assumed that liberal democracy and the Open Society it created had decisively won their century-long struggle against authoritarianism. Although subsequent events have shocked many, F.A. Hayek would not have been surprised that we are in many ways disoriented by the society we have created. As he understood it, the Open Society was a precarious achievement in many ways at odds with our deepest moral sentiments. His path-breaking analyses argued that the Open Society runs against our evolved attraction to "tribalism" that the Open Society is too complex for moral justification; and that its self-organized complexity defies attempts at democratic governance. In his final, wide-ranging book, Gerald Gaus critically reexamines Hayek's analyses. Drawing on diverse work in social and moral science, Gaus argues that Hayek's program was manifestly prescient and strikingly sophisticated, always identifying real and pressing problems. Yet, Gaus maintains, Hayek underestimated the resources of human morality and the Open Society to cope with the challenges he perceived. Gaus marshals formal models and empirical evidence to show that our Open Society is grounded on moral foundations of human cooperation originating in our distant evolutionary past, but has built upon them a complex and diverse society that requires us to rethink both the nature of moral justification and the meaning of democratic self-governance. In these fearful, angry and inwardly-looking times, when political philosophy has itself become a hostile exchange between ideological camps, The Open Society and Its Complexities shows how moral and ideological diversity, so far from being the enemy of a free and open society, can be its foundation.

Author : John-Stewart Gordon, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania
Publisher : Lexington Books
Page : 247 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2009-05-16
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781461633822

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Morality and Justice by John-Stewart Gordon, Vytautas Magnus University, Kaunas, Lithuania Pdf

The essays in this book engage the original and controversial claims from Michael Boylan's A Just Society. Each essay discusses Boylan's claims from a particular chapter and offers a critical analysis of these claims. Boylan responds to the essays in his lengthy and philosophically rich reply.

Author : Friedrich August Hayek
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 195 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1976-01-01
Category : Democracy
ISBN : 071008403X

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The Mirage of Social Justice by Friedrich August Hayek Pdf

This is a three-part study of the relations between law and liberty. Volume 1 deals with the basic conceptions necessary for a critical analysis of prevailing theories of justice and of the conditions which a constitution securing personal liberty would have to satisfy. In volume 2, the author examines the theories of utilitariansim and legal positivism and considers the concept of 'social justice.' He shows this ideal to be devoid of meaning and therefore a most harmful and dangerous cause of the mis-direction of well-meant efforts: he demonstrates that it is a remnant of the tribal ethics of a closed society and whooly incompatible with the individual freedom whih the Open Society promises. In the final volume, Hayek analyses and discards modern sociobiological theories of morality and social conduct, demonstrating that man's behaviour pattern has been determined more by custom than by the exercise of reason, and that mind and culture therefore developed concurrently and not successively. He shows how the democratic ideal is in danger of miscarrying due to the erroneous assumptions that there can be moral standards without moral discipline, that the element of tradition can be ignored in proposals for restructuring society, and the way in which the disctinct ideals of egalitarianism and democracy are increasingly confused.

Author : Marc Fleurbaey
Publisher : OUP Oxford
Page : 306 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2008-06-26
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780191607578

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Fairness, Responsibility, and Welfare by Marc Fleurbaey Pdf

What is a fair distribution of resources and other goods when individuals are partly responsible for their achievements? This book develops a theory of fairness incorporating a concern for personal responsibility, opportunities and freedom. With a critical perspective, it makes accessible the recent developments in economics and philosophy that define social justice in terms of equal opportunities. It also proposes new perspectives and original ideas. The book separates mathematical sections from the rest of the text, so that the main concepts and ideas are easily accessible to non-technical readers. It is often thought that responsibility is a complex notion, but this monograph proposes a simple analytical framework that makes it possible to disentangle the different concepts of fairness that deal with neutralizing inequalities for which the individuals are not held responsible, rewarding their effort, respecting their choices, or staying neutral with respect to their responsibility sphere. It dwells on paradoxes and impossibilities only as a way to highlight important ethical options and always proposes solutions and reasonable compromises among the conflicting values surrounding equality and responsibility. The theory is able to incorporate disincentive problems and is illustrated in the examination of applied policy issues such as: income redistribution when individuals may be held responsible for their choices of labor supply or education; social and private insurance when individuals may be held responsible for their risky lifestyle; second chance policies; the measurement of inequality of opportunities and social mobility.

Author : G. A. Cohen
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2009-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780674029651

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Rescuing Justice and Equality by G. A. Cohen Pdf

In this stimulating work of political philosophy, acclaimed philosopher G. A. Cohen sets out to rescue the egalitarian thesis that in a society in which distributive justice prevails, people’s material prospects are roughly equal. Arguing against the Rawlsian version of a just society, Cohen demonstrates that distributive justice does not tolerate deep inequality. In the course of providing a deep and sophisticated critique of Rawls’s theory of justice, Cohen demonstrates that questions of distributive justice arise not only for the state but also for people in their daily lives. The right rules for the macro scale of public institutions and policies also apply, with suitable adjustments, to the micro level of individual decision-making. Cohen also charges Rawls’s constructivism with systematically conflating the concept of justice with other concepts. Within the Rawlsian architectonic, justice is not distinguished either from other values or from optimal rules of social regulation. The elimination of those conflations brings justice closer to equality.

Author : Peter de Gijsel,Hans Schenk
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2006-07-02
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780387262598

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Multidisciplinary Economics by Peter de Gijsel,Hans Schenk Pdf

Multidisciplinary economics deliberately uses the insights and approaches of other disciplines and examines what consequences their contributions have for existing economic methods, theories and solutions to economic problems. Multidisciplinary economists should be at home in their own discipline and meet the high international standards of economic teaching and research that the discipline has developed. At the same time they should be able to recognise the limits of economics and be willing to open up new horizons by following new, discipline-transcending paths on which new insights into the analysis and solutions of economic problems can be found in collaboration with representatives of other disciplines. As a result of this search, economic methods and theories may have to be adjusted in such a way that they take insights from other disciplines into account. They may even have to be replaced by methods and theories that have been developed by other disciplines.

Author : Loek Groot
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 164 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2012-11-06
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781402027260

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Basic Income, Unemployment and Compensatory Justice by Loek Groot Pdf

Basic income is a regularly debated topic in various scholarly disciplines (political philosophy, political theory, welfare economics, labour market economics and social policy) and in circles of policy makers, administrators and activists. Since the late 1970s, unemployment is the primary problem for social-economic policy in all welfare states. In Basic Income, Unemployment and Compensatory Justice it is argued that implementing a substantial basic income is the best policy response to deal with unemployment-induced problems such as job insecurity, social exclusion, poverty and lack of compensatory justice on the labour market and to improve labour market flexibility, boost low wage employment and part-time work. Basic Income, Unemployment and Compensatory Justice, with an introductory chapter by Philippe van Parijs, discusses the attractiveness of a substantial basic income to deal with the problem of unemployment, in combination with an ethical perspective of social justice. Loek Groot is a senior lecturer at the Utrecht School of Economics.

Author : Wilfried Ver Eecke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 302 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2008-03-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783540771111

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Ethical Dimensions of the Economy by Wilfried Ver Eecke Pdf

Overview This book is a philosophical reflection (using mainly Hegel, in addition to 1 Adam Smith, Kant, Marx and Catholic Social Thought) about the soc- political dimension of economics. In it I both agree and disagree with the slogan that “the least government is the best government. ” I agree with the slogan, in particular as it applies to the economic domain. Adam Smith taught us that rational and self-interested individuals, left by themselves, create a more efficient and reliable economic system than one in which the government has a heavy role as was the case in his time with the merc- tile system (Smith, 14, 651). Ludwig von Mises demonstrated the same idea for the communist command economy (Hayek 1935, 87–130). I d- agree with the above mentioned slogan if it is interpreted as suggesting that we can best forget about the role of the government for a good functioning economy. Instead, I will argue that the government has an important fu- tion in creating the proper regulations and the wise institutional arran- ments which will allow the economy to flourish in a more efficient, fair and humane way. This book is interdisciplinary in nature. It is a philosophical and ethical reflection on economics. Hence, I make use of philosophical ideas, often but not exclusively those of Hegel. I reflect philosophically on economic concepts.

Author : James P. Sterba
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 326 pages
File Size : 46,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Law
ISBN : 0847679780

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Morality and Social Justice by James P. Sterba Pdf

These original essays by seven leading contemporary political philosophers spanning the political spectrum explore the possibility of achieving agreement in political theory. Each philosopher defends in a principal essay his or her own view of social justice and also comments on two or more of the other essays. The result is a lively exchange that leaves the reader to judge to what degree the contributors achieve agreement or reconciliation.

Author : Paul Anand,Prasanta Pattanaik,Clemens Puppe
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2009-01-15
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780199290420

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The Handbook of Rational and Social Choice by Paul Anand,Prasanta Pattanaik,Clemens Puppe Pdf

This volume provides an overview of issues arising in work on the foundations of decision theory and social choice. The collection will be of particular value to researchers in economics with interests in utility or welfare, but also to any social scientist or philosopher interested in theories of rationality or group decision-making.

Author : S. White
Publisher : Springer
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2001-03-13
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780230554573

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New Labour by S. White Pdf

This collection of essays examines New Labour's claim to stand in the vanguard of a new form of progressive politics. By examining the ideology of New Labour, the major policy initiatives of Labour government, and the record and prospects of social democratic and progressive governments in the USA and elsewhere in Europe, the contributors attempt to disentangle the progressive and conservative aspects of New Labour politics and the possibilities for genuine progressive advance in Britain and other advanced capitalist countries.

Author : Michel Seymour
Publisher : McGill-Queen's Press - MQUP
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2017-11-27
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780773552494

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A Liberal Theory of Collective Rights by Michel Seymour Pdf

Most states are multination states, and most peoples are stateless peoples. Just as collectives can behave as sovereign states only if they are recognized by the international community, liberal multination states must recognize stateless peoples in order to determine their political status within that state. There is, however, no agreement on the kind of principles that should be considered, especially under classical liberalism, which gives individuals preeminence over groups. Liberal theories that attempt to accommodate collective rights are often based on a comprehensive version of liberalism that subscribes to moral individualism. Within such a framework, they develop a watered-down concept of collective rights. In A Liberal Theory of Collective Rights Michel Seymour explores the theoretical resources of John Rawls’s political liberalism and shows that this particular approach can accommodate genuine collective rights. By Rawls’s account, Seymour explains, peoples are moral agents and sources of valid moral claims and are therefore entitled to collective rights. These kinds of rights translate, in the constitution of the multination state, to a true political recognition for stateless peoples. Ultimately, A Liberal Theory of Collective Rights answers three important questions: Who is the subject of collective rights? What is the object of collective rights? And can they be institutionalized in real politics?

Author : Stuart Gordon White
Publisher : Oxford Political Theory
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0198295057

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The Civic Minimum by Stuart Gordon White Pdf

This text reconsiders the principles of economic citizenship appropriate to a democratic society, and explores the radical implications of these principles for public policy. According to White, justice demands that economic co-operation satisfy a standard of fair reciprocity.