Soils As A Key Component Of The Critical Zone 2

Author : Guillaume Dhérissard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 168 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2018-08-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119550907

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 2 by Guillaume Dhérissard Pdf

This volume comprises three parts: 1) from local to global, 2) what type of sustainable management? 3) territorial approaches. The first chapter demonstrates, from the French example, that better soil management is a societal issue. At the global level, the second chapter raises the question of land grabbing and land use conflicts. This book also raises the question of the legal status of the soil. It then shows how soils need to be integrated when defining sustainable agricultural systems. French and European examples illustrate how taking environmental problems into account depends as much on their acuity as on how problems are perceived by public and private, social or economic actors. Therefore, it is important to promote co-diagnosis involving the scientific community and the various other actors in order to improve the regulation on soils. This multi-actor soil governance is facilitated by the use of simple soil quality indicators. Finally, examples in France and Vietnam show how soils are to be considered as territorial commons within landscapes. This last chapter recommends in particular to put an end to the absolute right of soil ownership and to distribute the usufruct of land between various private and public beneficiaries.

Author : Guillaume Dhérissard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 180 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2018-10-16
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786302168

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 2 by Guillaume Dhérissard Pdf

This volume comprises three parts: 1) from local to global, 2) what type of sustainable management? 3) territorial approaches. The first chapter demonstrates, from the French example, that better soil management is a societal issue. At the global level, the second chapter raises the question of land grabbing and land use conflicts. This book also raises the question of the legal status of the soil. It then shows how soils need to be integrated when defining sustainable agricultural systems. French and European examples illustrate how taking environmental problems into account depends as much on their acuity as on how problems are perceived by public and private, social or economic actors. Therefore, it is important to promote co-diagnosis involving the scientific community and the various other actors in order to improve the regulation on soils. This multi-actor soil governance is facilitated by the use of simple soil quality indicators. Finally, examples in France and Vietnam show how soils are to be considered as territorial commons within landscapes. This last chapter recommends in particular to put an end to the absolute right of soil ownership and to distribute the usufruct of land between various private and public beneficiaries.

Author : J. Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : TECHNOLOGY & ENGINEERING
ISBN : 1119438063

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 1 by J. Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch Pdf

Author : Christian Valentin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786302199

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 5 by Christian Valentin Pdf

One third of the world's soils have already been degraded. The burden on the land continues to grow under the combined pressures of demography, urbanization, artificialization and mining, and there are increased demands on agricultural land: changing dietary preferences, land speculation, as well as new demands for agroenergy, fiber, green chemistry, and more. Resulting issues such as soil crusting, water and wind erosion, soil salinization and soil acidity therefore constitute a major threat. The authors of this book present the main processes and factors of soil degradation, different ways to prevent it and methods of rehabilitation. The book also deals with the origin and processes of metallic and organic soil pollution as well as methods of phytoremediation and restoration. It is one of the few books to explore the issue of soil artificialization and urban soil management and to highlight how agricultural and urban waste can be used to amend and fertilize cultivated soils.

Author : Guilhem Bourrié
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2019-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786302175

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 3 by Guilhem Bourrié Pdf

This book invites the reader to look differently at two seemingly mundane resources: soil and water. Water possesses extraordinary properties which form the foundations of life itself. Without water, there would be no life, and without soils, no terrestrial life. The interaction between soils and water is therefore fundamental to the habitability of Earth’s land surface. Through in-depth analyses and experimentation, Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 3 explores the circulation of water in soils. Through its properties, soil directs the path of water, leading it to wet soils or not, be absorbed by plants, infiltrate or runoff, concentrate in certain areas or flood. The potentially catastrophic consequences of such floods are often due to the absence or insufficiency of prevention measures. This book thus shows the ways in which the relationship between water, life and soils is much more than a simple series of interactions or phenomena at interfaces and in fact constitutes a system with definite properties.

Author : Guilhem Bourrie
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2018-11-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119571858

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 4 by Guilhem Bourrie Pdf

This book provides the most up-to-date knowledge on water in soils and applications for the best use of our water resources. It first addresses the influence of soils on water quality, which is linked to rock weathering, soil formation, acidity and waterlogging. Here, the constituents of soils – such as clay minerals and iron oxides – play a major role. These modifications also have an impact on biogeochemical processes at the global scale, including the carbon cycle and the composition of the atmosphere. Secondly, this book discusses soil salinity, alkalinity and sodification in climates spanning from Mediterranean to arid. Here, water quality results from the concentration of solutes by evaporation and the transpiration of plants. The proper management of irrigation both protects soils against acidification and ensures sustainable agroecological development, while improper management leads to soil degradation and groundwater overexploitation. Lastly, the book describes how excess transfer of phosphorus in lakes results from a cascade of liberation and immobilization in the structure of the surrounding landscape. This leads to a general integrative method to limit eutrophication and restore the quality of water bodies.

Author : Philippe Lemanceau,Manuel Blouin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 212 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2019-02-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781786302182

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 6 by Philippe Lemanceau,Manuel Blouin Pdf

Soils are environments where a myriad of different organisms evolve, determining a series of functions which translate into ecosystem services that are essential for humanity. Improving our understanding of these organisms, their biodiversity and their interactions with each other, as well as with the environment, represents a major challenge. Soil ecology has its roots in natural history. The ecological approach focused on soils is notable for integrating, at least partially, the contributions of soil sciences (physics, chemistry, biochemistry). By renewing methods of observation and analysis (especially molecular ones) and through the development of experimental approaches and modeling, an ecology connected with other soil-based disciplines emerges and begins to influence aboveground ecology. Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 6 presents an updated vision of knowledge and research in soil ecology as a complex system from the best French specialists.

Author : Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2018-08-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781119544005

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 1 by Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch Pdf

This introductory book to the six volume series includes an introduction defining the critical zone for mankind that extends from tree canopy and the lower atmosphere to water table and unweathered rock. Soils play a crucial role through the functions and the services that they provide to mankind. The spatial and temporal variability of soils is represented by information systems whose importance, recent evolutions and increasingly performing applications in France and in the world must be underlined. The soil functions, discussed in this book, focus on the regulation of the water cycle, biophysicochemical cycles and the habitat role of biodiversity. The main services presented are those related to the provision of agricultural, fodder and forest products, energy, as well as materials and the role of soil as infrastructure support. They also include the different cultural dimensions of soils, their representations being often linked to myths and rites, as well as their values of environmental and archaeological records. Finally, the issue is raised of an off-ground world.

Author : Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1129875015

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone by Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch Pdf

Author : Christian Valentin
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 264 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2018-11-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119573074

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 5 by Christian Valentin Pdf

One third of the world's soils have already been degraded. The burden on the land continues to grow under the combined pressures of demography, urbanization, artificialization and mining, and there are increased demands on agricultural land: changing dietary preferences, land speculation, as well as new demands for agroenergy, fiber, green chemistry, and more. Resulting issues such as soil crusting, water and wind erosion, soil salinization and soil acidity therefore constitute a major threat. The authors of this book present the main processes and factors of soil degradation, different ways to prevent it and methods of rehabilitation. The book also deals with the origin and processes of metallic and organic soil pollution as well as methods of phytoremediation and restoration. It is one of the few books to explore the issue of soil artificialization and urban soil management and to highlight how agricultural and urban waste can be used to amend and fertilize cultivated soils.

Author : Jean-Paul Bravard
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 218 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2019-03-07
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119597612

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Sedimentary Crisis at the Global Scale 2 by Jean-Paul Bravard Pdf

The great deltas of the globe have been threatened for several decades but their decline now appears to be inevitable; they are receding and losing the fertility that supports their tens of millions of inhabitants. Our deltas are victims of the dramatic deterioration in the volume of continental sediment brought by rivers to the oceans. By nature, deltas are fragile eco- and geological organisms. For centuries, they have been subject to human actions in the Mediterranean and European world, and today a deep crisis is affecting the great tropical deltas. A chapter is also devoted to concerns facing the Mississippi, an “aging delta of the new world”. Sedimentary Crisis at the Global Scale 2 discusses possible strategies to protect the deltas of the world – or at least adapt them and their dependencies to the changes they face. Several models are possible, including comprehensive protection (such as in the Netherlands) and cautious and respectful opening to the forces of the oceans in an environment-first perspective.

Author : Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 356 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2018-10-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781786302151

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Soils as a Key Component of the Critical Zone 1 by Jacques Berthelin,Christian Valentin,Jean Charles Munch Pdf

This introductory book to the six volume series includes an introduction defining the critical zone for mankind that extends from tree canopy and the lower atmosphere to water table and unweathered rock. Soils play a crucial role through the functions and the services that they provide to mankind. The spatial and temporal variability of soils is represented by information systems whose importance, recent evolutions and increasingly performing applications in France and in the world must be underlined. The soil functions, discussed in this book, focus on the regulation of the water cycle, biophysicochemical cycles and the habitat role of biodiversity. The main services presented are those related to the provision of agricultural, fodder and forest products, energy, as well as materials and the role of soil as infrastructure support. They also include the different cultural dimensions of soils, their representations being often linked to myths and rites, as well as their values of environmental and archaeological records. Finally, the issue is raised of an off-ground world.

Author : Juan Francisco Salazar,Céline Granjou,Matthew Kearnes,Anna Krzywoszynska,Manuel Tironi
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2020-06-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781350109582

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Thinking with Soils by Juan Francisco Salazar,Céline Granjou,Matthew Kearnes,Anna Krzywoszynska,Manuel Tironi Pdf

This book presents a novel and systematic social theory of soil, and is representative of the rising interest in 'the material' in social sciences. Bringing together new modes of 'critical description' with speculative practices and methods of inquiry, it contributes to the exploration of current transformations in socioecologies, as well as in political and artistic practices, in order to address global ecological change. The chapters in this edited volume challenge scholars to attend more carefully to the ways in which they think about soil, both materially and theoretically. Contributors address a range of topics, including new ways of thinking about the politics of caring for soils; the ecological and symbiotic relations between soils; how the productive capacities and contested governance of soils are deployed as matters of political concern; and indigenous ways of knowing and being with soil.

Author : Henry Lin
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 860 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780123869418

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Hydropedology by Henry Lin Pdf

Overviews and fundamentals -- Case studies and applications -- Advances in modeling, mapping, and coupling.

Author : Hanzel H. Fernandez
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 87 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-15
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783656942832

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Spatial Variation Studies of Soil Hydraulic Properties in a Part of Pavanje River Basin Using Ordinary Kriging Method by Hanzel H. Fernandez Pdf

Master's Thesis from the year 2013 in the subject Engineering - System Science, , course: Master of Technology in Water Resources Engineering and Management, language: English, abstract: Soil hydraulic properties estimation has always been a challenging task for hydrologists and engineers as the methods to be implemented in the estimation are laborious, time consuming and costly. The two major hydraulic properties of soil that are required the most are soil water retention parameters and hydraulic conductivity. The main objective of this study is to find out the spatial structure of both these hydraulic properties and study their variation in a part of Pavanje river basin. This study presents a methodology that can be adopted in estimation of soil hydraulic properties over an entire region by using Geostatics particularly Kriging interpolation method. Soil basic properties are estimated at 5 different depths at 20 sites. Soil retention parameters are developed using a region specific pedotransfer function. Saturated hydraulic conductivity is estimated using permeameter. Semivariograms are developed to find out the dissimilarity between the pairs of soil hydraulic properties values in a 2 dimensional surface. Surface maps of soil hydraulic properties are developed using ArcGIS® software. The accuracy of prediction of Kriging interpolation method is found out by comparing with two other interpolation methods. The surface maps prepared can be used by hydrologists, engineers and agriculturists to improve their irrigation systems design, land scape modelling and precision farming etc.