Solar And Infrared Radiation Measurements Second Edition

Author : Frank Vignola,Joseph Michalsky,Thomas Stoffel
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2019-07-30
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781351600217

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Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements, Second Edition by Frank Vignola,Joseph Michalsky,Thomas Stoffel Pdf

The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurements has become increasingly important due to the increased demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data with higher accuracy and increased temporal and spatial resolutions. Recent advances in radiometry, measurement systems, and information dissemination also have increased the need for refreshing the literature available for this topic. This book provides the reader with an up-to-date review of the important aspects of solar and infrared radiation measurements: radiometer design; equipment installation, operation, maintenance, and calibration; data quality assessment parameters; and the knowledge necessary to properly interpret and apply the measured data to a variety of topics. Each of the authors has more than 40 years of experience with this subject, primarily as the result of developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with the industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects. The book’s scope and subject matter have been designed to help a wide audience gain a general understanding of this subject and to serve as a technical reference. A student new to the field will benefit from the review of terminology and the historical perspective for radiometry before addressing more detailed topics in radiometry that we hope will be of interest to the more experienced reader.  Describes the strengths and weaknesses of irradiance instruments  Provides detailed information on how to assess uncertainty in measurements  Offers comprehensive background information needed to understand the use of solar instrumentation  Discusses design concepts for shadowband radiometers, sky imagers, and satellite-based estimates of solar irradiance at the Earth’s surface  Includes chapter-end questions, references, and useful links

Author : Frank Vignola,Joseph Michalsky,Thomas Stoffel
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2017-12-19
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781439851906

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Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements by Frank Vignola,Joseph Michalsky,Thomas Stoffel Pdf

The rather specialized field of solar and infrared radiation measurement has become more and more important in the face of growing demands by the renewable energy and climate change research communities for data that are more accurate and have increased temporal and spatial resolution. Updating decades of acquired knowledge in the field, Solar and Infrared Radiation Measurements details the strengths and weaknesses of instruments used to conduct such solar and infrared radiation measurements. Topics covered include: Radiometer design and performance Equipment calibration, installation, operation, and maintenance Data quality assessment Methods to use measured data to estimate irradiance for any surface With a broad range of content that will benefit students and more experienced readers alike, this resource serves as a primer and technical reference that presents the basic terminology and fundamentals for resource assessment. It explores the history of solar radiation instruments and addresses direct normal, global, diffuse, and tilted measurements, as well as the characteristics of instruments used for these measurements. The authors consider methods of assessing the uncertainty of solar measurements and then cover albedo, infrared, net, and spectral irradiance measurements and instrumentation. The book devotes a section to other meteorological instruments, and another to the basics for installing and operating a solar monitoring station. Appendices include information on solar resource assessment modeling and satellite-derived irradiance, along with other useful material. This book’s authors are experts who each have more than 30 years of experience developing and operating multiple measurement stations, working with industry to improve radiometry, and conducting various research projects.

Author : William R. Bandeen
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 40 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 1961
Category : Infrared radiation
ISBN : UIUC:30112106591578

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Infrared and Reflected Solar Radiation Measurements from the TIROS II Meteorological Satellite by William R. Bandeen Pdf

In the TIROS II, the satellite's spin provides the scan line of the medium resolution radiometer which is then advanced by the orbital motion. The spatial resolution is about 40 miles square when the earth directly beneath the satellite is viewed. The five channels employ bolometer detectors and filters to limit the spectral responses to five bands: 6 to 6.5 microns, 8 to 12 microns, 0.2 to 6 microns, 8 to 30 microns, and 0.55 to 0.75 microns. These five bands study, respectively: radiation in the water vapor absorption band; day and nighttime cloud cover; albedo thermal radiation; and visual maps for comparison with satellite vidicon pictures. The low resolution non-scanning radiometer measures the earth's blackbody temperature and albedo. This radiometer consists of two thermistors, each in the apex of a reflective cone which provides optical gain. One thermistor is black and responds to both ther al and reflected solar radiation. The second responds to thermal but reflects solar radiation. (Author).

Author : Kinsell Coulson
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323155519

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Solar and Terrestrial Radiation by Kinsell Coulson Pdf

Solar and Terrestrial Radiation: Methods and Measurements basically summarizes instruments used in routine measurements of solar and terrestrial radiation at the earth’s surface. Because of developments in this field, these certain instruments are sufficiently relevant for meteorological and climatological purposes. Although the emphasis of the book is on the radiation instrumentation, basic theory is still covered and discussed for the purpose of understanding basic radiative processes in the atmosphere. The featured instruments in this book show that if used properly, these instruments can eliminate certain deficiencies in climatological data and routine monitoring of the radiative regime of the surface and lower atmosphere. However, the scope of the study is limited in which they cannot be of use in terms of being precise in studies of climatic change, spectral distribution of atmospheric radiation, and other specific meteorological and technological requirements. This book is designed to be of valuable use to meteorologists, climatologists, and physicists. Students, specifically graduate students, can also make use of the book as well.

Author : Muhammad Iqbal
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 408 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-02
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780323151818

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An Introduction To Solar Radiation by Muhammad Iqbal Pdf

An Introduction to Solar Radiation is an introductory text on solar radiation, with emphasis on the methods of calculation for determining the amount of solar radiation incident on a surface on the earth. Topics covered include the astronomical relationship between the sun and the earth; thermal radiation; the solar constant and its spectral distribution; and extraterrestrial solar irradiation. This book is comprised of 12 chapters and begins with an overview of the trigonometric relationships between the sun-earth line and the position of an inclined surface, followed by a discussion on the characteristics of blackbody radiation. The next chapter focuses on the solar constant and its spectral distribution, paying particular attention to extraterrestrial solar spectral irradiance and the sun's blackbody temperature. Subsequent chapters explore extraterrestrial and radiation incident on inclined planes; the optics of a cloudless-sky atmosphere; solar spectral radiation and total (broadband) radiation under cloudless skies; and solar radiation arriving at horizontal surfaces on the earth through cloudy skies. The ground albedo and its spectral and angular variation are also described, along with insolation on inclined surfaces. The last chapter is devoted to instruments for measuring solar radiation, including pyrheliometers and pyranometers. This monograph will serve as a useful guide for energy analysts, designers of thermal devices, architects and engineers, agronomists, and hydrologists as well as senior graduate students.

Author : B. Goldberg
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1983
Category : Solar radiation
ISBN : 0080305474

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Solar Radiation Measurements in Developing Countries by B. Goldberg Pdf

Author : William H. Klein,J. R. Hickey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 1975
Category : Solar radiation
ISBN : UOM:39015047404861

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Proceedings of Symposium on Solar Radiation Measurements and Instrumentation, November 13-15, 1973 by William H. Klein,J. R. Hickey Pdf

Author : Roland Stull
Publisher : Sundog Publishing, LLC
Page : 942 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2018
Category : Science
ISBN : 0888652836

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Practical Meteorology by Roland Stull Pdf

A quantitative introduction to atmospheric science for students and professionals who want to understand and apply basic meteorological concepts but who are not ready for calculus.

Author : Liou
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 391 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1981-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080954592

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An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation by Liou Pdf

An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation

Author : G.J. Rottman,Thomas Woods,Tom Woods,V. George
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 428 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2006-03-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 0387302425

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The Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment (SORCE) by G.J. Rottman,Thomas Woods,Tom Woods,V. George Pdf

This book describes the state-of-the art instruments for measuring the solar irradiance from soft x-ray to the near infrared and the total solar irradiance. Furthermore, the SORCE mission and early results on solar variability are presented along with papers that provide an overview of solar influences on Earth. This collection of papers provides the only detailed description of the SORCE mission and its instruments.

Author : William Lee Smith,H. B. Howell
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 24 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 1972
Category : Atmosphere
ISBN : UIUC:30112106578500

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The Measurement of Atmospheric Transmittance from Sun and Sky with an Infrared Vertical Sounder by William Lee Smith,H. B. Howell Pdf

This paper describes the determination of atmospheric transmittance from ground-based sun and sky radiance measurements with a prototype of the Nimbus E Infrared Temperature Profile Radiometer (ITPR).

Author : M. Sengupta,Aron P. Dobos
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Solar collectors
ISBN : OCLC:1396711697

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Best Practices Handbook for the Collection and Use of Solar Resource Data for Solar Energy Applications by M. Sengupta,Aron P. Dobos Pdf

Author : K. N. Liou
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 583 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2002-05-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080491677

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An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation by K. N. Liou Pdf

This Second Edition of An Introduction to Atmospheric Radiation has been extensively revised to address the fundamental study and quantitative measurement of the interactions of solar and terrestrial radiation with molecules, aerosols, and cloud particles in planetary atmospheres. It contains 70% new material, much of it stemming from the investigation of the atmospheric greenhouse effects of external radiative perturbations in climate systems, and the development of methodologies for inferring atmospheric and surface parameters by means of remote sensing. Liou's comprehensive treatment of the fundamentals of atmospheric radiation was developed for students, academics, and researchers in atmospheric sciences, remote sensing, and climate modeling. Balanced treatment of fundamentals and applications Includes over 170 illustrations to complement the concise description of each subject Numerous examples and hands-on exercises at the end of each chapter

Author : Lucien Wald
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 330 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2021-05-12
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781000380231

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Fundamentals of Solar Radiation by Lucien Wald Pdf

The sun radiates a tremendous amount of energy, called solar energy or solar radiation, which is the main natural source of energy on the Earth, by far. Because solar radiation is the almost unique supplier of energy to the Earth, it has a primary influence on life and activities on the Earth. The climate is a first example, but there are many others, such as plant growth or human health, or even the design of buildings, the production of energy, notably electrical and thermal, or even aging materials. This book aims to provide simple answers to anyone who has questions about solar radiation. Its ambition is to help by presenting the fundamental elements of the solar radiation received on the ground. The book includes many examples and numerous illustrations, as well as some simple but fairly precise equations to calculate the various elements covered and to reproduce the figures and graphs. The first of the three parts of this book is devoted to the relative geometry between the direction of the sun and an observer on the ground as well as to the solar radiation emitted by the sun and received at the top of the atmosphere. The orbit of the Earth around the sun and the solar declination are described. The concept of time is introduced which is closely linked to the solar cycle and the rotation of the Earth on itself. Equations are given to calculate the solar radiation received on a horizontal or inclined surface located at the top of the atmosphere. The spectral distribution of the extraterrestrial solar radiation is described. The second part of this book addresses how the solar radiation incident at the top of the atmosphere is attenuated and modified in its downward path to the ground. The reflection of the radiation by the ground is presented. The solar radiation received on the ground by a horizontal or inclined collector plane, such as a natural slope or a rooftop, is discussed, as well as its spectral distribution. The variability of the radiation is addressed in relation to the properties of solar radiation estimated from the measurements. The third part deals with direct or indirect measurements of the solar radiation received on the ground over a given integration time (minute, hour, day, or month), whether for total radiation or radiation in a spectral range such as ultraviolet (UV), or daylight, or photosynthetically active radiation (PAR). It also explains how to check the plausibility of the measurements. Fundamentals of Solar Radiation will be a valuable resource to all professionals, engineers, researchers, students, and other practitioners that seek an understanding of solar radiation.

Author : William Ross McCluney
Publisher : Artech House
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2014-11-01
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781608078349

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Introduction to Radiometry and Photometry, Second Edition by William Ross McCluney Pdf

This second edition of an Artech House classic title describes in detail the relationship between radiometry and photometry. It covers information needed to solve problems in radiation transfer and detection, detectors, measuring instruments, and concepts in colorimetry. This revised second edition presents an updated treatment of modern radiometry and photometry, including brand new sections on applications and developments in light sources and scientific instruments for measuring radiation and light. Engineers are also provided with an exciting new chapter on the use of computerized optical ray tracing for “virtual” experiments on optical systems.