Soldiers Of Democracy

Author : Sharan Grewal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 353 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2023-07-25
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780192873910

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Soldiers of Democracy? by Sharan Grewal Pdf

Why do some militaries support and others thwart transitions to democracy? After the Arab Spring revolutions, why did Egypt's military stage a coup to end the transition? Conversely, why did Tunisia's military initially support the transition, only to later facilitate the elected president's dismantling of democracy? In Soldiers of Democracy? Military Legacies and the Arab Spring, Sharan Grewal argues that a military's behavior under democracy is shaped by how it had been treated under autocracy. Autocrats who had empowered their militaries produce soldiers who will repress protests and stage coups to preserve their privileges. Meanwhile, autocrats who had marginalized their militaries produce soldiers who support democratization, but who are also more susceptible to incumbent takeovers and civil wars. The dictator's choice to either empower or marginalize the military thus creates legacies that shape both the likelihood of democratization and the forms by which it breaks down. Drawing on over 140 interviews with civilian and military leaders, and three surveys of military personnel, this scholarly volume illustrates this theory through detailed case studies of Egypt and Tunisia. Grewal also probes the generalizability of the theory through a cross-national analysis of all countries between 1946-2010. Overall, he brings the military front and center to the study of democratic transition and consolidation.

Author : Horace Huntley,John W. McKerley
Publisher : University of Illinois Press
Page : 266 pages
File Size : 55,5 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : History
ISBN : 9780252076688

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Foot Soldiers for Democracy by Horace Huntley,John W. McKerley Pdf

Firsthand accounts from the Civil Rights Movement's frontlines

Author : Chad L. Williams
Publisher : Univ of North Carolina Press
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-09-20
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0807899356

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Torchbearers of Democracy by Chad L. Williams Pdf

For the 380,000 African American soldiers who fought in World War I, Woodrow Wilson's charge to make the world "safe for democracy" carried life-or-death meaning. Chad L. Williams reveals the central role of African American soldiers in the global conflict and how they, along with race activists and ordinary citizens, committed to fighting for democracy at home and beyond. Using a diverse range of sources, Torchbearers of Democracy reclaims the legacy of African American soldiers and veterans and connects their history to issues such as the obligations of citizenship, combat and labor, diaspora and internationalism, homecoming and racial violence, "New Negro" militancy, and African American memories of the war.

Author : Dan Reiter,Allan C. Stam
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 2010-07-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 1400824451

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Democracies at War by Dan Reiter,Allan C. Stam Pdf

Why do democracies win wars? This is a critical question in the study of international relations, as a traditional view--expressed most famously by Alexis de Tocqueville--has been that democracies are inferior in crafting foreign policy and fighting wars. In Democracies at War, the first major study of its kind, Dan Reiter and Allan Stam come to a very different conclusion. Democracies tend to win the wars they fight--specifically, about eighty percent of the time. Complementing their wide-ranging case-study analysis, the authors apply innovative statistical tests and new hypotheses. In unusually clear prose, they pinpoint two reasons for democracies' success at war. First, as elected leaders understand that losing a war can spell domestic political backlash, democracies start only those wars they are likely to win. Secondly, the emphasis on individuality within democratic societies means that their soldiers fight with greater initiative and superior leadership. Surprisingly, Reiter and Stam find that it is neither economic muscle nor bandwagoning between democratic powers that enables democracies to win wars. They also show that, given societal consent, democracies are willing to initiate wars of empire or genocide. On the whole, they find, democracies' dependence on public consent makes for more, rather than less, effective foreign policy. Taking a fresh approach to a question that has long merited such a study, this book yields crucial insights on security policy, the causes of war, and the interplay between domestic politics and international relations.

Author : Zoltan Barany,Zoltan D. Barany
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 470 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2012-09-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691137698

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The Soldier and the Changing State by Zoltan Barany,Zoltan D. Barany Pdf

Looking at how armies supportive of democracy are built, this title argues that the military is the important institution that states maintain, for without military elites who support democratic governance, democracy cannot be consolidated. It demonstrates that building democratic armies is the quintessential task of democratizing regimes.

Author : Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt
Publisher : Zed Books
Page : 420 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2002-05
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 1856499804

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Political Armies by Kees Koonings,Dirk Kruijt Pdf

Does the withdrawal of armies from direct rule in most countries herald an end to their role as actors in domestic politics? Has political intervention by the military been superseded? This comparative examination of the politicized armed forces looks at * the consequences of military rule for nation building and economic development * the effects of the passing of the Cold War and the rise of globalization on the political role of the military * the role of political armies in the consolidation of civil politics and democratic governance * the lessons for policy makers in global governance and post-conflict reconstruction The contributors build on successive theories about the role of the military in politics and look to the future. The most threatening scenario may be a proliferation of armed actors and the rise of privatized forces of law and order.

Author : Maiah Jaskoski
Publisher : Johns Hopkins University Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2013-08-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781421409078

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Military Politics and Democracy in the Andes by Maiah Jaskoski Pdf

Interviews with active-duty and retired military officers in Ecuador and Peru shed light on the evolution of Andean civil-military relations, with implications for democratization. Military Politics and Democracy in the Andes challenges conventional theories regarding military behavior in post-transition democracies. Through a deeply researched comparative analysis of the Ecuadorian and Peruvian armies, Maiah Jaskoski argues that militaries are concerned more with the predictability of their missions than with sovereignty objectives set by democratically elected leaders. Jaskoski gathers data from interviews with public officials, private sector representatives, journalists, and more than 160 Peruvian and Ecuadorian officers from all branches of the military. The results are surprising. Ecuador’s army, for example, fearing the uncertainty of border defense against insurgent encroachment in the north, neglected this duty, thereby sacrificing the state’s security goals, acting against government orders, and challenging democratic consolidation. Instead of defending the border, the army has opted to carry out policing functions within Ecuador, such as combating the drug trade. Additionally, by ignoring its duty to defend sovereignty, the army is available to contract out its policing services to paying, private companies that, relative to the public, benefit disproportionately from army security. Jaskoski also looks briefly at this theory's implications for military responsiveness to government orders in democratic Bolivia, Colombia, and Venezuela, and in newly formed democracies more broadly.

Author : Ronald James May,Viberto Selochan
Publisher : ANU E Press
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2004-03-01
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781920942007

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The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific by Ronald James May,Viberto Selochan Pdf

In The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific, a number of prominent regional specialists take a fresh look at the military's changing role in selected countries of Asia and the Pacific, particularly with regard to the countries' performance against criteria of democratic government. Indonesia, Thailand, the Philippines, Burma, Pakistan, Bangladesh, South Korea, Fiji and Papua New Guinea all fall under the spotlight as the authors examine the role which the military has played in bringing about changes of political regime, and in resisting pressures for change.

Author : Steven Wilkinson
Publisher : Harvard University Press
Page : 304 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-12
Category : History
ISBN : 9780674728806

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Army and Nation by Steven Wilkinson Pdf

Steven I. Wilkinson explores how India has succeeded in keeping the military out of politics, when so many other countries have failed. He uncovers the command and control strategies, the careful ethnic balancing, and the political, foreign policy, and strategic decisions that have made the army safe for Indian democracy.

Author : Christopher S. Parker
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 289 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2009-09-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691140049

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Fighting for Democracy by Christopher S. Parker Pdf

How military service led black veterans to join the civil rights struggle Fighting for Democracy shows how the experiences of African American soldiers during World War II and the Korean War influenced many of them to challenge white supremacy in the South when they returned home. Focusing on the motivations of individual black veterans, this groundbreaking book explores the relationship between military service and political activism. Christopher Parker draws on unique sources of evidence, including interviews and survey data, to illustrate how and why black servicemen who fought for their country in wartime returned to America prepared to fight for their own equality. Parker discusses the history of African American military service and how the wartime experiences of black veterans inspired them to contest Jim Crow. Black veterans gained courage and confidence by fighting their nation's enemies on the battlefield and racism in the ranks. Viewing their military service as patriotic sacrifice in the defense of democracy, these veterans returned home with the determination and commitment to pursue equality and social reform in the South. Just as they had risked their lives to protect democratic rights while abroad, they risked their lives to demand those same rights on the domestic front. Providing a sophisticated understanding of how war abroad impacts efforts for social change at home, Fighting for Democracy recovers a vital story about black veterans and demonstrates their distinct contributions to the American political landscape.

Author : Ozan O. Varol
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 249 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2017
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190626020

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The Democratic Coup D'état by Ozan O. Varol Pdf

The term coup d'état--French for stroke of the state--brings to mind coups staged by power-hungry generals who overthrow the existing regime, not to democratize, but to concentrate power in their own hands as dictators. We assume all coups look the same, smell the same, and present the same threats to democracy. It's a powerful, concise, and self-reinforcing idea. It's also wrong. In The Democratic Coup d'État, Ozan Varol advances a simple, yet controversial, argument: Sometimes, a democracy is established through a military coup. Covering events from the Athenian Navy's stance in 411 B.C. against a tyrannical home government, to coups in the American colonies that ousted corrupt British governors, to twentieth-century coups that toppled dictators and established democracy in countries as diverse as Guinea-Bissau, Portugal, and Colombia, the book takes the reader on a gripping journey. Connecting the dots between these neglected events, Varol weaves a balanced narrative that challenges everything we thought we knew about military coups. In so doing, he tackles several baffling questions: How can an event as undemocratic as a military coup lead to democracy? Why would imposing generals-armed with tanks and guns and all-voluntarily surrender power to civilian politicians? What distinguishes militaries that help build democracies from those that destroy them? Varol's arguments made headlines across the globe in major media outlets and were cited critically in a public speech by Turkish President Recep Tayyip Erdogan. Written for a general audience, this book will entertain, challenge, and provoke, but more importantly, serve as a reminder of the imperative to question the standard narratives about our world and engage with all ideas, no matter how controversial.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 1919
Category : World War, 1914-1918
ISBN : OCLC:1342157790

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Americans Defending Democracy by Anonim Pdf

Author : David D. Kirkpatrick
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 463 pages
File Size : 51,6 Mb
Release : 2018-08-07
Category : History
ISBN : 9781408898475

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Into the Hands of the Soldiers by David D. Kirkpatrick Pdf

A poignant, deeply human portrait of Egypt during the Arab Spring, told through the lives of individuals A FINANCIAL TIMES AND AN ECONOMIST BOOK OF THE YEAR 'This will be the must read on the destruction of Egypt's revolution and democratic moment' Sarah Leah Whitson, Middle East director of Human Rights Watch 'Sweeping, passionate ... An essential work of reportage for our time' Philip Gourevitch, author of We Wish to Inform You That Tomorrow We Will Be Killed with Our Families In 2011, Egyptians of all sects, ages and social classes shook off millennia of autocracy, then elected a Muslim Brother as president. New York Times correspondent David D. Kirkpatrick arrived in Egypt with his family less than six months before the uprising first broke out in 2011. As revolution and violence engulfed the country, he lived through Cairo's hopes and disappointments alongside the diverse population of his new city. Into the Hands of the Soldiers is a heartbreaking story with a simple message: the failings of decades of autocratic rule are the reason for the chaos we see across the Arab world. Understanding the story of what happened in those years can help readers make sense of everything taking place across the region today – from the terrorist attacks in North Sinai to the bedlam in Syria and Libya.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 406 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2015-07-06
Category : History
ISBN : 1330824032

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Americans Defending Democracy by Anonim Pdf

Excerpt from Americans Defending Democracy: Our Soldiers Own Stories This volume, which is the first of a series of war autobiographies, is dedicated to our American heroes who fought so valiantly in the great European struggle for liberty on land and sea. Those who live to tell these tales, many of them battle-scarred and maimed for life, after passing through a veritable hell on earth, write of their experiences in simple, unstudied language. These personal narratives, dictated from hospital cots, or written by the men who have recovered from their wounds, describe in the most absorbing and thrilling manner the awful trials, sufferings and unspeakable horrors through which they passed during the nineteen months of the most destructive war in the world's history. Our Soldiers' Own Stories bring vividly to the reader's mind the actual scenes of battle, "the shout, the shock, the crash of steel," in a manner so vital and realistic as to surpass the pen-pictures of the most famous war correspondents or the colorful, imaginative stories of novelists. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Potomac Books, Inc.
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781597973496

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The Armed Forces Officer by Anonim Pdf

Initiated in 1950, this 2007 edition is the latest in a classic series of books of the same title. Journalist-historian S. L. A. Marshall wrote the first at the behest of Gen. George C. Marshall, who formed the great citizen army of World War II. The general believed officers of all services needed to base their professional commitment on a common moral-ethical grounding, which S. L. A. Marshall set out to explain. Ever since, these books have provided a foundation of thought, conduct, standards, and duty for American commissioned officers. Available now to the general public, this new edition takes the series inspirational premise into the new century. It educates officers of all services, as well as civilians, about the fundamental moral-ethical requirements of being a commissioned officer in the armed forces of the United States. Understanding the common foundation of commissioned leadership and command of U.S. military forces is essential for achieving excellence in the joint operations of today s combat environment. This philosophy unites the officers of the uniformed services in the common calling of supporting, defending, and upholding the Constitution in service to their country."