Somaclonal Variation And Induced Mutations In Crop Improvement

Author : S.M. Jain,D.S. Brar,B.S. Ahloowalia
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 615 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401591256

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Somaclonal Variation and Induced Mutations in Crop Improvement by S.M. Jain,D.S. Brar,B.S. Ahloowalia Pdf

Genetic variability is an important parameter for plant breeders in any con ventional crop improvement programme. Very often the desired variation is un available in the right combination, or simply does not exist at all. However, plant breeders have successfully recombined the desired genes from cultivated crop gerrnplasm and related wild species by sexual hybridization, and have been able to develop new cultivars with desirable agronomie traits, such as high yield, disease, pest, and drought resistance. So far, conventional breeding methods have managed to feed the world's ever-growing population. Continued population growth, no further scope of expanding arable land, soil degradation, environ mental pollution and global warrning are causes of concern to plant biologists and planners. Plant breeders are under continuous pressure to improve and develop new cultivars for sustainable food production. However, it takes several years to develop a new cultivar. Therefore, they have to look for new technologies, which could be combined with conventional methods to create more genetic variability, and reduce the time in developing new cultivars, with early-maturity, and improved yield. The first report on induced mutation of a gene by HJ. Muller in 1927 was a major mi1estone in enhancing variation, and also indicated the potential applica tions of mutagenesis in plant improvement. Radiation sources, such as X-rays, gamma rays and fast neutrons, and chemical mutagens (e. g. , ethyl methane sulphonate) have been widely used to induce mutations.

Author : A. M. van Harten
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1998-06-25
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521470749

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Mutation Breeding by A. M. van Harten Pdf

An essential and comprehensive summary for all plant breeders.

Author : M. Maluszynski,Kenneth Kasha
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 245 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2013-03-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401599962

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Mutations, In Vitro and Molecular Techniques for Environmentally Sustainable Crop Improvement by M. Maluszynski,Kenneth Kasha Pdf

During the last thirty years, most increases in agricultural production were achieved through high input agrieulture in areas with fertile soils and sufficient water. Intensive methods of production with high levels of nitrogen fertilizer and pesticides were often accompanied by environmental degradation and in some instances by pollution of the food supply. However, rapid population growth has also led to increasing use of marginal lands, where adverse soil and climatic eonditions are serious constraints to food production. These areas are even more sensitive to ecological destabilization. Environmentally sound systems of food production and land use are essential for meeting the food security needs of developing countries. To do this, greater genetic variability is needed within the best crop genotypes available for the areas in need coupled with better management praetices and crop rotations. These requirements can only be realized if suitable crop varieties are bred. These should be varieties with a much shorter growing period, suitable for rotation, increased tolerance or resistance to diseases and pests as weil as to drought and salinity and other adverse soil and climatic conditions.

Author : Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 291 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000613919

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Biotechnologies and Genetics in Plant Mutation Breeding by Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem Pdf

"An indispensable source for researchers, teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students interested in mutation breeding and genetic engineering. It introduces readers to contemporary knowledge and state-of-the-art technologies in the field of mutation breeding, including fundamental mechanisms and applications. . . . It will provide new directions, and avenues for enhancement of food security and food quality by using the latest techniques for the 'mutation as breeding' approach." - From Prof. Jameel M. Al-Khayri, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia This comprehensive three-volume set book aims to help combat the challenge of providing enough food for the world by the use of advanced genetic processes to improve crop production, both in quantity and quality. Volume 1: Mutagenesis and Crop Improvement discusses mutagenesis, cytotoxicity, and crop improvement, covering the processes, mutagenic effectiveness, and mechanisms. The volume emphasizes the improvement of agronomic characteristics by manipulating the genotype of plant species, resulting in increased productivity. Volume 2: Revolutionizing Plant Biology covers the use of mutagenesis and biotechnology to explore the variability of mutant genes for crop improvement. The chapters deal with in-vitro mutagenesis to exploit the somaclonal variations induced in cell culture and highlight the importance of in-vitro mutagenesis in inducing salt resistance, heat resistance, and drought resistance. Volume 3: Mechanisms for Genetic Manipulation of Plants and Plant Mutants reviews the genetic engineering techniques used to mutate genes and to incorporate them into different plant species of cereals, pulses, vegetables, and fruits. Also discussed are the principles of genetic engineering by which desired genes can be transferred from plants to animals to microorganisms and vice versa.

Author : N.B. Tomlekova,M.I. Kozgar,M.R. Wani
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 394 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2023-09-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789086867967

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Mutagenesis: exploring genetic diversity of crops by N.B. Tomlekova,M.I. Kozgar,M.R. Wani Pdf

In the present era various international organizations, such as FAO, UNO, IAEA, FNCA, etc., have unanimously agreed that millions of people in both developing and developed countries are not only facing a shortage of food, but also non-availability of nutrients. The main reason put forward by these agencies is that there is less genetic diversity prevalent in the major crops, which has been further diminished since the inception of conventional plant breeding. Since the first decade of the last century the mutation breeding approach has been pivotal in enhancing the genetic diversity of crops, thereby enriching the genetic pool. ‘Mutagenesis: exploring genetic diversity of crops’ describes the latest achievements in mutation breeding, with a particular focus on the development of novel mutant varieties and F1 hybrids of crops highly superior to the parental ones. The book details experimental as well as literary studies of induced mutagenesis and its role in developing the new potent varieties. The book will be useful for agricultural policy making authorities in countries of agricultural importance, scientific researchers, breeders, teachers and students keen to use mutation breeding and to explore its hidden potential to secure food and nutrient availability for the growing world population.

Author : Subodh Kumar Datta
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2023
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9811994900

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Induced Mutation Breeding by Subodh Kumar Datta Pdf

The book is an excellent reference collection of the research conducted by different workers on induced mutagenesis, worldwide, for more than 80 years. One can get almost all mutation breeding references at one place. The book gives a coherent and concise account of all the important and relevant aspects related to induced mutagenesis with an emphasis on recent developments in the field of crop improvement. The references have been arranged crop wise and important topic wise which deal with not only classical mutation breeding but also spontaneous mutations, somaclonal variations, nanoparticles, and relevant modern aspects. The book highlights 22 chapters covering holistic information on almost all important components such as radiosensitivity, chromosomal and morphological abnormalities, detection of mutation, management of chimera, present status of mutation etc.) of Mutation Breeding. Chapters are very informative, and one can follow the references on crop and aspect basis since the start of mutation breeding work. This book is an excellent resource for researchers and students for understanding proper applications of induced mutations in crop improvement and biological research. It is of interest and useful to graduate and postgraduate students, horticulturists, floriculturists, agricultural scientists, and breeders related to crop improvement program. .

Author : Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000613964

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Biotechnologies and Genetics in Plant Mutation Breeding by Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem Pdf

"An indispensable source for researchers, teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students interested in mutation breeding and genetic engineering. It introduces readers to contemporary knowledge and state-of-the-art technologies in the field of mutation breeding, including fundamental mechanisms and applications. . . . It will provide new directions, and avenues for enhancement of food security and food quality by using the latest techniques for the 'mutation as breeding' approach." - From Prof. Jameel M. Al-Khayri, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia This comprehensive three-volume set book aims to help combat the challenge of providing enough food for the world by the use of advanced genetic processes to improve crop production, both in quantity and quality. Volume 1: Mutagenesis and Crop Improvement discusses mutagenesis, cytotoxicity, and crop improvement, covering the processes, mutagenic effectiveness, and mechanisms. The volume emphasizes the improvement of agronomic characteristics by manipulating the genotype of plant species, resulting in increased productivity. Volume 2: Revolutionizing Plant Biology covers the use of mutagenesis and biotechnology to explore the variability of mutant genes for crop improvement. The chapters deal with in-vitro mutagenesis to exploit the somaclonal variations induced in cell culture and highlight the importance of in-vitro mutagenesis in inducing salt resistance, heat resistance, and drought resistance. Volume 3: Mechanisms for Genetic Manipulation of Plants and Plant Mutants reviews the genetic engineering techniques used to mutate genes and to incorporate them into different plant species of cereals, pulses, vegetables, and fruits. Also discussed are the principles of genetic engineering by which desired genes can be transferred from plants to animals to microorganisms and vice versa.

Author : Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 314 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2023-06-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000614015

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Biotechnologies and Genetics in Plant Mutation Breeding by Tariq Ahmad Bhat,Khalid Rehman Hakeem Pdf

"An indispensable source for researchers, teachers, and graduate and postgraduate students interested in mutation breeding and genetic engineering. It introduces readers to contemporary knowledge and state-of-the-art technologies in the field of mutation breeding, including fundamental mechanisms and applications. . . . It will provide new directions, and avenues for enhancement of food security and food quality by using the latest techniques for the 'mutation as breeding' approach." - From Prof. Jameel M. Al-Khayri, King Faisal University, Saudi Arabia This comprehensive three-volume set book aims to help combat the challenge of providing enough food for the world by the use of advanced genetic processes to improve crop production, both in quantity and quality. Volume 1: Mutagenesis and Crop Improvement discusses mutagenesis, cytotoxicity, and crop improvement, covering the processes, mutagenic effectiveness, and mechanisms. The volume emphasizes the improvement of agronomic characteristics by manipulating the genotype of plant species, resulting in increased productivity. Volume 2: Revolutionizing Plant Biology covers the use of mutagenesis and biotechnology to explore the variability of mutant genes for crop improvement. The chapters deal with in-vitro mutagenesis to exploit the somaclonal variations induced in cell culture and highlight the importance of in-vitro mutagenesis in inducing salt resistance, heat resistance, and drought resistance. Volume 3: Mechanisms for Genetic Manipulation of Plants and Plant Mutants reviews the genetic engineering techniques used to mutate genes and to incorporate them into different plant species of cereals, pulses, vegetables, and fruits. Also discussed are the principles of genetic engineering by which desired genes can be transferred from plants to animals to microorganisms and vice versa.

Author : S. Mohan Jain,D. S. Brar
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 628 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2010-01-12
Category : Science
ISBN : 9048159822

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Molecular Techniques in Crop Improvement by S. Mohan Jain,D. S. Brar Pdf

This book provides comprehensive information on the latest tools and techniques of molecular genetics and their applications in crop improvement. It thoroughly discusses advanced techniques used in molecular markers, QTL mapping, marker-assisted breeding, and molecular cytogenetics.

Author : Suprasanna Penna,S. Mohan Jain
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 815 pages
File Size : 54,6 Mb
Release : 2023-04-04
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9789811697203

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Mutation Breeding for Sustainable Food Production and Climate Resilience by Suprasanna Penna,S. Mohan Jain Pdf

This book highlights the recent progress on the applications of mutation breeding technology in crop plants. Plant breeders and agriculturists are faced with the new challenges of climate change, human population growth, and dwindling arable land and water resources which threaten to sustain food production worldwide. Genetic variation is the basis which plant breeders require to produce new and improved cultivars. The understanding of mutation induction and exploring its applications has paved the way for enhancing genetic variability for various plant and agronomic characters, and led to advances in gene discovery for various traits. Induced mutagenesis has played a significant role in crop improvement and currently, the technology has resulted in the development and release of more than 3600 mutant varieties in most of the crop plants with great economic impact. The field of ‘mutation breeding’ has come long way to become an important approach for crop improvement. This book covers various methodologies of mutation induction, screening of mutants, genome editing and genomics advances and mutant gene discovery. The book further discusses success stories in different countries and applications of mutation breeding in food crops, horticultural plants and plantation crops. This informative book is very useful to plant breeders, students and researchers in the field of agriculture, plant sciences, food science and genetics.

Author : Professor Dr. Y. P. S. Bajaj
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 698 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2013-03-14
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783662026366

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Somaclonal Variation in Crop Improvement I by Professor Dr. Y. P. S. Bajaj Pdf

Author : J. Semal
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 285 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401577335

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Somaclonal Variations and Crop Improvement by J. Semal Pdf

Proceedings of a Seminar in the CEC Programme of the Coordination of Research on Plant Protein Improvement, held in Gembloux, Belgium, Sept. 3-5, 1985

Author : S.Mohan Jain,H. Häggman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 548 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2007-09-18
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781402063527

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Protocols for Micropropagation of Woody Trees and Fruits by S.Mohan Jain,H. Häggman Pdf

Micropropagation has become a reliable and routine approach for large-scale rapid plant multiplication, which is based on plant cell, tissue and organ culture on well defined tissue culture media under aseptic conditions. A lot of research efforts are being made to develop and refine micropropagation methods and culture media for large-scale plant multiplication of several number of plant species. However, many forest and fruit tree species still remain recalcitrant to in vitro culture and require highly specific culture conditions for plant growth and development. The recent challenges on plant cell cycle regulation and the presented potential molecular mechanisms of recalcitrance are providing excellent background for understanding on totipotency and what is more development of micropropagation protocols. For large-scale in vitro plant production the important attributes are the quality, cost effectiveness, maintenance of genetic fidelity, and long-term storage. The need for appropriate in vitro plant regeneration methods for woody plants, including both forest and fruit trees, is still overwhelming in order to overcome problems facing micropropagation such as somaclonal variation, recalcitrant rooting, hyperhydricity, polyphenols, loss of material during hardening and quality of plant material. Moreover, micropropagation may be utilized, in basic research, in production of virus-free planting material, cryopreservation of endangered and elite woody species, applications in tree breeding and reforestation.

Author : Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak,Thomas H. Tai,Jochen Kumlehn,Bradley J. Till
Publisher : Springer
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2016-12-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319450216

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Biotechnologies for Plant Mutation Breeding by Joanna Jankowicz-Cieslak,Thomas H. Tai,Jochen Kumlehn,Bradley J. Till Pdf

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book offers 19 detailed protocols on the use of induced mutations in crop breeding and functional genomics studies, which cover topics including chemical and physical mutagenesis, phenotypic screening methods, traditional TILLING and TILLING by sequencing, doubled haploidy, targeted genome editing, and low-cost methods for the molecular characterization of mutant plants that are suitable for laboratories in developing countries. The collection of protocols equips users with the techniques they need in order to start a program on mutation breeding or functional genomics using both forward and reverse-genetic approaches. Methods are provided for seed and vegetatively propagated crops (e.g. banana, barley, cassava, jatropha, rice) and can be adapted for use in other species.

Author : W. Gottschalk,G. Wolff
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 250 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642819971

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Induced Mutations in Plant Breeding by W. Gottschalk,G. Wolff Pdf

Mutation breeding has been introduced into modern plant breeding in the early 1940's. In spite of pessimistic predictions, the application of experimental mutagenesis has led to encouraging results demonstrating that mutation breeding is a well-functioning method in many crops. So far, more than 500 varieties, developed by means of induced mutations, have been officially released; others have been approved for registration. Many mutants with characters of agronomic interest cannot be utilized directly because of their unsatisfying yielding capacities, or of other negative traits which are partly due to the pleiotropic action of the mutant genes. Sometimes their negative selection value can be overcome by transferring them into the genomes of other varieties. According to experience available, the efficiency of mutant genes can conSiderably vary depending on the genotypic background in which they become effective. The interactions between mutant genes and genotypic back ground cannot be predicted. Therefore, mutants with valuable traits should be crossed with many varieties and strains in order to discern positive and negative interactions. In this way, genotypes can be selected in which the mutant gene is able to express its action without showing negative by-effects. This procedure has been used for about 10 years by combining the methods of mutation and crossbreeding. Mutation breeding is predominantly used in annual diploid and allo polyploid self-fertilizing crops, while it causes much more difficulties in cross-pollinating species.