Speculators In Empire

Author : William J Campbell
Publisher : University of Oklahoma Press
Page : 251 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2015-04-29
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780806147109

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Speculators in Empire by William J Campbell Pdf

At the 1768 Treaty of Fort Stanwix, the British secured the largest land cession in colonial North America. Crown representatives gained possession of an area claimed but not occupied by the Iroquois that encompassed parts of New York, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Kentucky, and West Virginia. The Iroquois, however, were far from naïve—and the outcome was not an instance of their simply being dispossessed by Europeans. In Speculators in Empire, William J. Campbell examines the diplomacy, land speculation, and empire building that led up to the treaty. His detailed study overturns common assumptions about the roles of the Iroquois and British on the eve of the American Revolution. Through the treaty, the Iroquois directed the expansion of empire in order to serve their own needs while Crown negotiators obtained more territory than they were authorized to accept. How did this questionable transfer happen, who benefited, and at what cost? Campbell unravels complex intercultural negotiations in which colonial officials, land speculators, traders, tribes, and individual Indians pursued a variety of agendas, each side possessing considerable understanding of the other’s expectations and intentions. Historians have credited British Indian superintendent Sir William Johnson with pulling off the land grab, but Campbell shows that Johnson was only one of many players. Johnson’s deputy, George Croghan, used the treaty to capitalize on a lifetime of scheming and speculation. Iroquois leaders and their peoples also benefited substantially. With keen awareness of the workings of the English legal system, they gained protection for their homelands by opening the Ohio country to settlement. Campbell’s navigation of the complexities of Native and British politics and land speculation illuminates a time when regional concerns and personal politicking would have lasting consequences for the continent. As Speculators in Empire shows, colonial and Native history are unavoidably entwined, and even interdependent.

Author : Ian Saxine
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 301 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2019-04-23
Category : History
ISBN : 9781479832125

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Properties of Empire by Ian Saxine Pdf

A fascinating history of a contested frontier, where struggles over landownership brought Native Americans and English colonists together in surprising ways to preserve Indigenous territory. Properties of Empire shows the dynamic relationship between Native and English systems of property on the turbulent edge of Britain’s empire, and how so many colonists came to believe their prosperity depended on acknowledging Indigenous land rights. As absentee land speculators and hardscrabble colonists squabbled over conflicting visions for the frontier, Wabanaki Indians’ unity allowed them to forcefully project their own interpretations of often poorly remembered old land deeds and treaties. The result was the creation of a system of property in Maine that defied English law, and preserved Native power and territory. Eventually, ordinary colonists, dissident speculators, and grasping officials succeeded in undermining and finally destroying this arrangement, a process that took place in councils and courtrooms, in taverns and treaties, and on battlefields. Properties of Empire challenges assumptions about the relationship between Indigenous and imperial property creation in early America, as well as the fixed nature of Indian “sales” of land, revealing the existence of a prolonged struggle to re-interpret seventeenth-century land transactions and treaties well into the eighteenth century. The ongoing struggle to construct a commonly agreed-upon culture of landownership shaped diplomacy, imperial administration, and matters of colonial law in powerful ways, and its legacy remains with us today.

Author : Patrick Spero
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 288 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-09-18
Category : History
ISBN : 9780393634716

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Frontier Rebels: The Fight for Independence in the American West, 1765-1776 by Patrick Spero Pdf

The untold story of the “Black Boys,” a rebellion on the American frontier in 1765 that sparked the American Revolution. In 1763, the Seven Years’ War ended in a spectacular victory for the British. The French army agreed to leave North America, but many Native Americans, fearing that the British Empire would expand onto their lands and conquer them, refused to lay down their weapons. Under the leadership of a shrewd Ottawa warrior named Pontiac, they kept fighting for their freedom, capturing several British forts and devastating many of the westernmost colonial settlements. The British, battered from the costly war, needed to stop the violent attacks on their borderlands. Peace with Pontiac was their only option—if they could convince him to negotiate. Enter George Croghan, a wily trader-turned-diplomat with close ties to Native Americans. Under the wary eye of the British commander-in-chief, Croghan organized one of the largest peace offerings ever assembled and began a daring voyage into the interior of North America in search of Pontiac. Meanwhile, a ragtag group of frontiersmen set about stopping this peace deal in its tracks. Furious at the Empire for capitulating to Native groups, whom they considered their sworn enemies, and suspicious of Croghan’s intentions, these colonists turned Native American tactics of warfare on the British Empire. Dressing as Native Americans and smearing their faces in charcoal, these frontiersmen, known as the Black Boys, launched targeted assaults to destroy Croghan’s peace offering before it could be delivered. The outcome of these interwoven struggles would determine whose independence would prevail on the American frontier—whether freedom would be defined by the British, Native Americans, or colonial settlers. Drawing on largely forgotten manuscript sources from archives across North America, Patrick Spero recasts the familiar narrative of the American Revolution, moving the action from the Eastern Seaboard to the treacherous western frontier. In spellbinding detail, Frontier Rebels reveals an often-overlooked truth: the West played a crucial role in igniting the flame of American independence.

Author : Matthew C. Ward
Publisher : University of Pittsburgh Press
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 40,9 Mb
Release : 2023-11-14
Category : History
ISBN : 9780822990024

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Making the Frontier Man by Matthew C. Ward Pdf

Contextualizes the Development of Early American Violence and Gun Culture For western colonists in the early American backcountry, disputes often ended in bloodshed and death. Making the Frontier Man examines early life and the origins of lawless behavior in Pennsylvania, Virginia, Kentucky, and Ohio from 1750 to 1815. It provides a key to understanding why the trans-Appalachian West was prone to violent struggles, especially between white men. Traumatic experiences of the Revolution and the Forty Years War legitimized killing as a means of self-defense—of property, reputation, and rights—transferring power from the county courts to the ordinary citizen. Backcountry men waged war against American Indians in state-sponsored militias as they worked to establish farms and seize property in the West. And white neighbors declared war on each other, often taking extreme measures to resolve petty disputes that ended with infamous family feuds. Making the Frontier Man focuses on these experiences of western expansion and how they influenced American culture and society, specifically the nature of western manhood, which radically transformed in the North American environment. In search of independence and improvement, the new American man was also destitute, frustrated by the economic and political power of his elite counterparts, and undermined by failure. He was aggressive, misogynistic, racist, and violent, and looked to reclaim his dominance and masculinity by any means necessary.

Author : Holger Afflerbach,Hew Strachan
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2012-07-26
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780191624544

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How Fighting Ends by Holger Afflerbach,Hew Strachan Pdf

There are many histories of how wars have begun, but very few which discuss how they have ended. This book fills that gap. Beginning with the Stone Age and ending with globalized terrorism, it addresses the specific issue of surrender, rather than the subsequent establishment of peace. At its heart is the individual warrior or soldier, and his or her decision to lay down arms. In the ancient world surrender led in most cases to slavery, but a slave still lived rather than died. In the modern world international law gives the soldiers rights as prisoners of war, and those rights include the prospect of their eventual return home. But individuals can surrender at any point in a war, and without having such an effect that they end the war. The termination of hostilities depends on a collective act for its consequences to be decisive. It also requires the enemy to accept the offer to surrender in the midst of combat. In other words, like so much else in war, surrender depends on reciprocity - on the readiness of one side to stop fighting and of the other to accept that readiness. This volume argues that surrender is the single biggest contributor to the containment of violence in warfare, offering the vanquished the opportunity to survive and the victor the chance to show moderation and magnanimity. Since the rules of surrender have developed over time, they form a key element in understanding the cultural history of warfare.

Author : Alan Taylor
Publisher : W. W. Norton & Company
Page : 387 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016-09-06
Category : History
ISBN : 9780393253870

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American Revolutions: A Continental History, 1750-1804 by Alan Taylor Pdf

“Excellent . . . deserves high praise. Mr. Taylor conveys this sprawling continental history with economy, clarity, and vividness.”—Brendan Simms, Wall Street Journal The American Revolution is often portrayed as a high-minded, orderly event whose capstone, the Constitution, provided the nation its democratic framework. Alan Taylor, a two-time Pulitzer Prize winner, gives us a different creation story in this magisterial history. The American Revolution builds like a ground fire overspreading Britain’s colonies, fueled by local conditions and resistant to control. Emerging from the continental rivalries of European empires and their native allies, the revolution pivoted on western expansion as well as seaboard resistance to British taxes. When war erupted, Patriot crowds harassed Loyalists and nonpartisans into compliance with their cause. The war exploded in set battles like Saratoga and Yorktown and spread through continuing frontier violence. The discord smoldering within the fragile new nation called forth a movement to concentrate power through a Federal Constitution. Assuming the mantle of “We the People,” the advocates of national power ratified the new frame of government. But it was Jefferson’s expansive “empire of liberty” that carried the revolution forward, propelling white settlement and slavery west, preparing the ground for a new conflagration.

Author : R.P.T. Davenport-Hines
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 154 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2005-06-28
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135779320

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Speculators and Patriots by R.P.T. Davenport-Hines Pdf

First Published in 1986. This volume includes a collection of seven essays which are biographical in treatment, examining trends or incidents in the careers of individual businessmen intended to illustrate the general themes of speculation and patriotism in the period 1880–1924.

Author : Scott B. MacDonald,Jane E. Hughes
Publisher : Transaction Publishers
Page : 309 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-19
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781412855419

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Separating Fools from Their Money by Scott B. MacDonald,Jane E. Hughes Pdf

What do Michael Milken and Martha Stewart have in common? What was the most outrageous party thrown by a financial baron of the twentieth century? Which US war hero president became party to, and victim of, an unabashed con man known as the Napoleon of Wall Street? These questions and more are discussed in Separating Fools from Their Money. The authors trace the history of financial scandals beginning with young republic days through the Enron/WorldCom debacle of modern times. Informative and entertaining, this book reveals human nature in all of its dubious shades of gray. It also exposes themes common to all financial scandals, which remain astonishingly unchanged over time—greed, hubris, media connections, self-interested politicians, and booms-gone-bust, to name a few. This second edition features a new preface and introduction, plus three new chapters, which address the financial panic of 2008, post-panic scandals, and the “princes of Ponzi.” This book’s accessible writing will interest the casual business reader as well as the seasoned investor.

Author : Emma Rothschild
Publisher : Princeton University Press
Page : 496 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2012-11-25
Category : History
ISBN : 9780691156125

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The Inner Life of Empires by Emma Rothschild Pdf

The birth of the modern world as told through the remarkable story of one eighteenth-century family They were abolitionists, speculators, slave owners, government officials, and occasional politicians. They were observers of the anxieties and dramas of empire. And they were from one family. The Inner Life of Empires tells the intimate history of the Johnstones--four sisters and seven brothers who lived in Scotland and around the globe in the fast-changing eighteenth century. Piecing together their voyages, marriages, debts, and lawsuits, and examining their ideas, sentiments, and values, renowned historian Emma Rothschild illuminates a tumultuous period that created the modern economy, the British Empire, and the philosophical Enlightenment. One of the sisters joined a rebel army, was imprisoned in Edinburgh Castle, and escaped in disguise in 1746. Her younger brother was a close friend of Adam Smith and David Hume. Another brother was fluent in Persian and Bengali, and married to a celebrated poet. He was the owner of a slave known only as "Bell or Belinda," who journeyed from Calcutta to Virginia, was accused in Scotland of infanticide, and was the last person judged to be a slave by a court in the British isles. In Grenada, India, Jamaica, and Florida, the Johnstones embodied the connections between European, American, and Asian empires. Their family history offers insights into a time when distinctions between the public and private, home and overseas, and slavery and servitude were in constant flux. Based on multiple archives, documents, and letters, The Inner Life of Empires looks at one family's complex story to describe the origins of the modern political, economic, and intellectual world.

Author : Ian Tyrrell,Jay Sexton
Publisher : Cornell University Press
Page : 310 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2015-03-19
Category : History
ISBN : 9780801455698

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Empire's Twin by Ian Tyrrell,Jay Sexton Pdf

Across the course of American history, imperialism and anti-imperialism have been awkwardly paired as influences on the politics, culture, and diplomacy of the United States. The Declaration of Independence, after all, is an anti-imperial document, cataloguing the sins of the metropolitan government against the colonies. With the Revolution, and again in 1812, the nation stood against the most powerful empire in the world and declared itself independent. As noted by Ian Tyrrell and Jay Sexton, however, American "anti-imperialism was clearly selective, geographically, racially, and constitutionally." Empire’s Twin broadens our conception of anti-imperialist actors, ideas, and actions; it charts this story across the range of American history, from the Revolution to our own era; and it opens up the transnational and global dimensions of American anti-imperialism. By tracking the diverse manifestations of American anti-imperialism, this book highlights the different ways in which historians can approach it in their research and teaching. The contributors cover a wide range of subjects, including the discourse of anti-imperialism in the Early Republic and Civil War, anti-imperialist actions in the U.S. during the Mexican Revolution, the anti-imperial dimensions of early U.S. encounters in the Middle East, and the transnational nature of anti-imperialist public sentiment during the Cold War and beyond.

Author : United States. Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Library
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 662 pages
File Size : 42,9 Mb
Release : 1937
Category : Agriculture
ISBN : OSU:32435029631512

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Agricultural Economics Literature by United States. Bureau of Agricultural Economics. Library Pdf

Author : Sarah Carter
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : History
ISBN : 0887558186

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Imperial Plots by Sarah Carter Pdf

Imperial Plots depicts the female farmers and ranchers of the prairies, from the Indigenous women agriculturalists of the Plains to the array of women who resolved to work on the land in the first decades of the twentieth century.

Author : Richard White
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 577 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2010-11-01
Category : History
ISBN : 9781139495684

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The Middle Ground by Richard White Pdf

An acclaimed book and widely acknowledged classic, The Middle Ground steps outside the simple stories of Indian-white relations - stories of conquest and assimilation and stories of cultural persistence. It is, instead, about a search for accommodation and common meaning. It tells how Europeans and Indians met, regarding each other as alien, as other, as virtually nonhuman, and how between 1650 and 1815 they constructed a common, mutually comprehensible world in the region around the Great Lakes that the French called pays d'en haut. Here the older worlds of the Algonquians and of various Europeans overlapped, and their mixture created new systems of meaning and of exchange. Finally, the book tells of the breakdown of accommodation and common meanings and the re-creation of the Indians as alien and exotic. First published in 1991, the 20th anniversary edition includes a new preface by the author examining the impact and legacy of this study.

Author : Jocelyn Wills
Publisher : Minnesota Historical Society Press
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 0873515102

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Boosters, Hustlers, and Speculators by Jocelyn Wills Pdf

In 1849, when settlers arrived in the newly formed Minnesota Territory, they disembarked at the rough shantytown known as St Paul, home to fur traders and a handful of merchants. Nearby was Fort Snelling, its soldiers charged with keeping peace in the wilderness, its territory later transferred to the burgeoning settlement at Minneapolis. Less than four decades later, St Paul had emerged as a mercantile, banking, and railroading centre, and Minneapolis had matured into the world's largest flour-milling centre. The story of how this came to be involves assorted visionaries, savvy entrepreneurs, and government-supported expansion that combined to make St Paul -- Minneapolis the region's undisputed business, political, and educational centre. Historian Jocelyn Wills offers a business and entrepreneurial study of the Twin Cities during its early years, with particular focus on the individuals who took chances on and promoted the Cities' development. Boosters, Hustlers, and Speculators shares the successes and failures of a host of colourful characters who saw in the Twin Cities opportunities for financial gain and regional fame: early fur trader Norman Kittson, who built a lucrative trading network reaching to the Red River Valley; speculator Franklin Steele, who over-reached at the Falls of St Anthony and was virtually bankrupt after the panic of 1857; milling visionary William D Washburn, whose confident investments catapulted Minneapolis's milling district to international renown; railroad magnate James J Hill, whose calculated business decisions helped him realise his dream of building a rail line to the Pacific. Most arrived with limited means, and only some managed to realise their dreams, but all contributed to the development of Minneapolis and St. Paul as the region's leading manufacturing, banking, and transportation centre. This exhaustively researched book provides a firm foundation for understanding the role the Twin Cities have played in the development of the region and the nation from their earliest days.

Author : Thomas De Quincey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 472 pages
File Size : 41,5 Mb
Release : 1890
Category : Electronic
ISBN : CORNELL:31924016653739

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The Collected Writings of Thomas De Quincey: Speculative and theological essays by Thomas De Quincey Pdf