Spontaneous Formation Of Space Time Structures And Criticality

Author : T. Riste,David Sherrington
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 455 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401135085

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Spontaneous Formation of Space-Time Structures and Criticality by T. Riste,David Sherrington Pdf

This volume contains the proceedings of a NATO Advanced study Institute held at Geilo, Norway between 2 - 12 april 1991. This institute was the eleventh in a series held biannually at Geilo on the subject of phase transitions. It was intended to capture the latest ideas on selforgan ized patterns and criticality. The Institute brought together many lecturers, students and active re searchers in the field from a wide range of NATO and non-NATO countries. The main financial support came from the NATO scientific Affairs Divi sion, but additional support was obtained from the Norwegian Research Council for Science and the Humanities (NAVF) and Institutt for energi teknikk. The organizers would like to thank all these contributors for their help in promoting an exciting and rewarding meeting, and in doing so are confident that they echo the appreciation of all the parti cipants. In cooperative, equilibrium systems, physical states are described by spatio-temporal correlation functions. The intimate connection between space and time correlations is especially apparent at the critical point, the second order phase transition, where the spatial range and the decay time of the correlation function both become infinite. The salient features of critical phenomena and the history of the devel opment of this field of science are treated in the first chapter of this book.

Author : Gunnar Pruessner
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 517 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2012-08-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780521853354

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Self-Organised Criticality by Gunnar Pruessner Pdf

An overview of results and methods, written for graduates and researchers in physics, mathematics, biology, sociology, finance, medicine and engineering.

Author : Joseph L. McCauley
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 352 pages
File Size : 40,6 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 0521467470

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Chaos, Dynamics, and Fractals by Joseph L. McCauley Pdf

This book develops deterministic chaos and fractals from the standpoint of iterated maps, but the emphasis makes it very different from all other books in the field. It provides the reader with an introduction to more recent developments, such as weak universality, multifractals, and shadowing, as well as to older subjects like universal critical exponents, devil's staircases and the Farey tree. The author uses a fully discrete method, a 'theoretical computer arithmetic', because finite (but not fixed) precision cannot be avoided in computation or experiment. This leads to a more general formulation in terms of symbolic dynamics and to the idea of weak universality. The connection is made with Turing's ideas of computable numbers and it is explained why the continuum approach leads to predictions that are not necessarily realized in computation or in nature, whereas the discrete approach yields all possible histograms that can be observed or computed.

Author : Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 172 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 1998-01-13
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781107393486

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Self-Organized Criticality by Henrik Jeldtoft Jensen Pdf

Self-organized criticality (SOC) is based upon the idea that complex behavior can develop spontaneously in certain multi-body systems whose dynamics vary abruptly. This book is a clear and concise introduction to the field of self-organized criticality, and contains an overview of the main research results. The author begins with an examination of what is meant by SOC, and the systems in which it can occur. He then presents and analyzes computer models to describe a number of systems, and he explains the different mathematical formalisms developed to understand SOC. The final chapter assesses the impact of this field of study, and highlights some key areas of new research. The author assumes no previous knowledge of the field, and the book contains several exercises. It will be ideal as a textbook for graduate students taking physics, engineering, or mathematical biology courses in nonlinear science or complexity.

Author : Roman Teisseyre,Eugeniusz Majewski
Publisher : Academic Press
Page : 697 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2000-10-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780080530659

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Earthquake Thermodynamics and Phase Transformation in the Earth's Interior by Roman Teisseyre,Eugeniusz Majewski Pdf

A group of distinguished scientists contributes to the foundations of a new discipline in Earth sciences: earthquake thermodynamics and thermodynamics of formation of the Earth's interior structures. The predictive powers of thermodynamics are so great that those aspiring to model earthquake and the Earth's interior will certainly wish to be able to use the theory. Thermodynamics is our only method of understanding and predicting the behavior of many environmental, atmospheric, and geological processes. The need for Earth scientists to develop a functional knowledge of thermodynamic concepts and methodology is therefore urgent. Sources of an entropy increase the dissipative and self-organizing systems driving the evolution and dynamics of the Universe and Earth through irreversible processes. The non-linear interactions lead to the formation of fractal structures. From the structural phase transformations the important interior boundaries emerge.Non-linear interactions between the defects in solids lead the authors to develop the physics of continua with a dense distribution of defects. Disclinations and dislocations interact during a slow evolution as well as during rapid dynamic events, like earthquakes. Splitting the dynamic processes into the 2D fault done and 3D surrounding space brings a new tool for describing the slip nucleation and propagation along the earthquake faults. Seismic efficiency, rupture velocity, and complexity of seismic source zone are considered from different points of view, fracture band earthquake model is developed on the basis of thermodynamics of line defects, like dislocations. Earthquake thermodynamics offers us a microscopic model of earthquake sources.Physics of defects helps the authors decscribe and explain a number of precursory phenomena caused by the buildup of stresses. Anomalies in electric polarization and electromagnetic radiation prior to earthquakes are considered from this point of view. Through the thermodynamic approach, the authors arrive at the fascinating question of posssibility of earthquake prediction. In general, the Earth is considered here as a multicomponent system. Transport phenomena as well as wave propagation and shock waves are considered in this system subjected also to chemical and phase transformations.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1040 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 1992
Category : Physics
ISBN : UOM:39015026182801

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Physics Briefs by Anonim Pdf

Author : Didier Sornette
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 445 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2013-04-17
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662041741

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Critical Phenomena in Natural Sciences by Didier Sornette Pdf

A modern up-to-date introduction for readers outside statistical physics. It puts emphasis on a clear understanding of concepts and methods and provides the tools that can be of immediate use in applications.

Author : Tamaz Chelidze,Filippos Vallianatos,Luciano Telesca
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 546 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2018-05-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128131398

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Complexity of Seismic Time Series by Tamaz Chelidze,Filippos Vallianatos,Luciano Telesca Pdf

Complexity of Seismic Time Series: Measurement and Application applies the tools of nonlinear dynamics to seismic analysis, allowing for the revelation of new details in micro-seismicity, new perspectives in seismic noise, and new tools for prediction of seismic events. The book summarizes both advances and applications in the field, thus meeting the needs of both fundamental and practical seismology. Merging the needs of the classical field and the very modern terms of complexity science, this book covers theory and its application to advanced nonlinear time series tools to investigate Earth’s vibrations, making it a valuable tool for seismologists, hazard managers and engineers. Covers the topic of Earth’s vibrations involving many different aspects of theoretical and observational seismology Identifies applications of advanced nonlinear time series tools for the characterization of these Earth’s signals Merges the needs of geophysics with the applications of complexity theory Describes different methodologies to analyze problems, not only in the context of geosciences, but also those associated with different complex systems across disciplines

Author : S Kai
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 596 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1992-09-15
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789814555333

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Pattern Formation In Complex Dissipative Systems: Fluid Patterns, Liquid Crystals, Chemical Reactions by S Kai Pdf

In this volume, the problems of pattern formation in physics, chemistry and other related fields in complex and nonlinear dissipative systems are studied. Main subjects discussed are formation mechanisms, properties, statistics, characterization and dynamics of periodic and nonperiodic patterns in the electrohydrodynamics in liquid crystals, Rayleigh-Benard convection, crystallization, viscous fingering and Belouzov-Zhabotinsky chemical reaction. Recent developments in topological and defect-mediated chaos, chaos in systems with large degrees of freedom and turbulence-turbulence transitions are also discussed.

Author : Friedrich H. Busse,Stefan C. Müller
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 586 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2003-07-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783540495376

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Evolution of Spontaneous Structures in Dissipative Continuous Systems by Friedrich H. Busse,Stefan C. Müller Pdf

In the decades the of the formation of structures past subject spontaneous in far from has into a branch of - systems equilibrium major physics grown search with ties to It has become evident that strong neighboring disciplines. a diverse of can be understood within a common mat- phenomena range matical framework which has been called nonlinear of continuous dynamics This name the close to the field of nonlinear systems. emphasizes relationship of with few of freedom which has evolved into a dynamics systems degrees mature in the recent features mathematically subject past. Many dynamical of continuous be described reduction few can a to a systems actually through of freedom and of the latter of continue to degrees properties type systems of continuous the inspire study systems. The of this book is to demonstrate the numerous goal through examples that exist for the of nonlinear the opportunities study phenomena through tools of mathematical and use of common analyses dynamical interpretations. Instead of overview of the a providing comprehensive rapidly evolving field, the contributors to this book are to communicate to a wide scientific trying audience the of what have learnt about the formation of essence they spon- neous structures in continuous and about the dissipative systems competition between order and chaos that characterizes these It is that systems. hoped the book will be even to those scientists whose not helpful are disciplines the authors.

Author : Cristian Suteanu
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 329 pages
File Size : 46,7 Mb
Release : 2023-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783031157332

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Scale by Cristian Suteanu Pdf

This book provides up-to-date, in-depth and accessible information on the concept of scale, and focuses on its applications in geography, Earth science, environmental science, and other fields in which the environment plays a significant role. Although the book presents methods and applications as a response to practical challenges, it is primarily concept-centered: it identifies a set of distinct, yet related notions of “scale”, analyzing and elucidating their evolving meanings in a systematic way. Concepts are defined with a focus on their practical operational applicability, and the introduction of methods is supported by concrete examples. The book links theoretical insights to illustrating applications, involving a broad range of themes, from maps, fractals, and chaos theory to fine art and literature. It approaches the subject in a spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal context, including a wide diversity of spatial features from Earth and other planets, as well as time series and space-time patterns. This monograph is expected to be useful especially because in practice the various scale-focused concepts are not neatly separated and immiscible. It is therefore helpful for scholars in physical and human geography, Earth and environmental sciences, and other fields, to benefit from a clear conceptual framework that distinguishes and illuminates the various scale-related concepts and their interconnections. Selected chapters can also support a deeper understanding of the concept of scale for graduate and undergraduate students in geography, the natural sciences, and the humanities. Information on recommended additional literature and comments about specific sources offer a guide to further reading on the topics addressed in the book.

Author : Ivan Osorio,Hitten P. Zaveri,Mark G. Frei,Susan Arthurs
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 578 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2016-04-19
Category : Medical
ISBN : 1439838860

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Epilepsy by Ivan Osorio,Hitten P. Zaveri,Mark G. Frei,Susan Arthurs Pdf

Epilepsy, one of the most prevalent neurological disorders, affects approximately 1% (greater than 60 million) of the world's population. In an estimated 20 million of these patients, seizures are not controlled even by multiple anti-seizure drugs, and are extremely difficult to predict. Epilepsy: The Intersection of Neurosciences, Biology, Mathematics, Engineering, and Physics seamlessly brings together the neurosciences, mathematics, computational sciences, engineering, physics, and clinical epileptology to present to readers a highly didactic, integrated, clear and practically useful knowledge base and research directions. Laying out the foundations of signal analysis, data conditioning, linear and non-linear analysis, introduction to dynamical systems and fundamental anatomical and neurophysiological concepts, this book: Introduces non-physicians to language and concepts necessary to establish a meaningful dialog with epileptologists Introduces physicians to dynamical theory and signal processing without which interdisciplinary collaborations would not be productive Mines knowledge from fields devoted to the investigation of aperiodic paroxysmal relaxation phenomena, such as earthquakes, which bear dynamical similarities with epilepsy, so as to lay the proper scientific foundations for epileptology and foster much needed therapeutic advances efficiently Reviews spatiotemporal behavior of seizures, mechanisms of epileptogenesis and ictogenesis as well as of seizure control and ancillary technology Calls attention to nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy as a potentially fruitful paradigm for advancing seizure prediction. Of all neurological disorders, epilepsy demands of investigators the broadest and deepest knowledge of dynamical, control, and system theories, knowledge that cannot be amassed without possessing a certain level of sophistication in relevant areas of neurosciences, physics, mathematics, and engineering. Narrowing the inescapable cultural chasm that commonly fragments multidisciplinary efforts, this book captures and enriches the burgeoning interdisciplinary synergism in the nascent field of dynamical epileptology.

Author : Giovanni Martinelli,Antonella Peresan,Ying Li
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2022-06-23
Category : Science
ISBN : 9782889740826

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Achievements and New Frontiers in Research Oriented to Earthquake Forecasting by Giovanni Martinelli,Antonella Peresan,Ying Li Pdf

Cover Image Credit: Zhaofei Liu and Ying Li From the Institute of Earthquake Forecasting, China

Author : N. Balkan,B. K. Ridley,A. J. Vickers
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 458 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 1993
Category : Science
ISBN : 0306444909

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Negative Differential Resistance and Instabilities in 2-D Semiconductors by N. Balkan,B. K. Ridley,A. J. Vickers Pdf

Proceedings of a workshop held in Il Ciocco, Lucca, Italy, September 1992. Papers cover the fundamental properties of hot carrier transport and the associated instabilities and light emission in 2-dimensional semiconductors dealing with both theory and experiment. Material is organized into the foll

Author : M Matsushita,Michael F Shlesinger,Tamas Vicsek
Publisher : World Scientific
Page : 658 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 1994-10-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789814596800

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Fractals In Natural Science by M Matsushita,Michael F Shlesinger,Tamas Vicsek Pdf

During the last couple of years, fractals have been shown to represent the common aspects of many complex processes occurring in an unusually diverse range of fields including biology, chemistry, earth sciences, physics and technology. Using fractal geometry as a language, it has become possible to get a deeper insight into previously intractable problems. Among many others, a better understanding of growth phenomena, turbulence, iteractive functions, colloidal aggregation, biological pattern formation and inhomogenous materials has emerged through the application of such concepts as scale invariance, self-affinity and multifractality.This volume contains a selection of high quality papers that discuss the latest developments in the research of fractals. It is divided into 5 sections and contains altogether 64 papers. Each paper is written by a well known author or authors in the field. Beginning each section is a short introduction, written by a prominent author, which gives a brief overview of the topics discussed in the respective sections.