Status Growth And The Environment

Author : Kjell Arne Brekke,Richard B. Howarth
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 216 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : STANFORD:36105026005327

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Status, Growth and the Environment by Kjell Arne Brekke,Richard B. Howarth Pdf

Economics has occasionally recognized, but usually ignored, the common sense truth that human well-being depends on many things other than absolute consumption of wealth. Key among these is the status gained from prosperity relative to others, which makes prosperity both a private benefit and a social cost. After carefully surveying social psychology and anthropology as well as economics, Brekke and Howarth conclude that at least a third of prosperity's effect on well-being comes from status. Armed with this number, they show how status effects dramatically alter the policy prescriptions of standard economic models of taxation, growth and the environment.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 421 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2013-04-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780309264143

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U.S. Health in International Perspective by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Board on Population Health and Public Health Practice,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Population,Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries Pdf

The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 1990
Category : Australia
ISBN : 0195531914

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Our Common Future by Anonim Pdf

Author : Chandrima Chakraborty,Dipyaman Pal
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2022-06-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781802621532

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Environmental Sustainability, Growth Trajectory and Gender by Chandrima Chakraborty,Dipyaman Pal Pdf

Environmental Sustainability, Growth Trajectory and Gender focuses on three major issues affecting developing economies: environmental sustainability, growth trajectory and gender. Awareness is increased through an exploration of policies and actions that will enhance gender equality and sustainable development.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 312 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2017-05-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264273528

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Investing in Climate, Investing in Growth by OECD Pdf

This report provides an assessment of how governments can generate inclusive economic growth in the short term, while making progress towards climate goals to secure sustainable long-term growth. It describes the development pathways required to meet the Paris Agreement objectives.

Author : Ligang Song,Wing Thye Woo
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2009-10-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780815701927

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China's Dilemma by Ligang Song,Wing Thye Woo Pdf

A Brookings Institution Press, Asia Pacific Press at Australian National University, and Social Sciences Academic Press publication The economic growth of China is clearly one of the defining trends of our time. The world's most populous nation is undergoing a vast transformation that will redefine the global economy. Chinese industrial production has increased tremendously in recent years, and its consumption of resources has necessarily gone way up as well. These developments will have important impacts on economics, business, politics, and environmental conditions throughout the world. In China's Dilemma: Economic Growth, the Environment, and Climate Change, an international group of authorities examines the present status and likely future of China's economic rise and its impact on the environment, with particular focus on the all-important topic of global climate change. The first section addresses directly China's recent growth. Specific topics addressed here include the effects on China of the global credit crunch, determinants of growth, and their prospects for the future. Part II addresses China's environmental and climate concerns, including the impact on human health, their role in domestic politics, the health effects of environmental damage, and China's post- Kyoto climate strategy. Part III looks at the impact, and likely trajectory, of energy consumption in China. Contents Part I. Economic Growth: Determinants and Prospects Includes introduction Part II. Impact of Environment Degradation and Climate Change Part III. Energy Use, the Environment, and Future Trends

Author : Kirk Hamilton
Publisher : World Bank Publications
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Air
ISBN : 8210379456XXX

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Air Pollution During Growth by Kirk Hamilton Pdf

"New research on urban air pollution casts doubt on the conventional view of the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. This view holds that pollution automatically increases until societies reach middle-income status because poor countries have neither the institutional capacity nor the political commitment necessary to regulate polluters. Some policymakers and researchers have cited this model (called the "environmental Kuznets curve," or EKC) when arguing that developing countries should "grow first, clean up later." However, new evidence suggests that the EKC model is misleading because it mistakenly assumes that strong environmental governance is not possible for poor countries. As the authors show in this paper, the empirical relationship between pollution and income becomes much weaker when measures of governance are added to the analysis. Their results also suggest that previous research has underestimated the effect of geographic vulnerability (climate and terrain factors) on air quality. The authors find that weak governance and geographic vulnerability alone can account for the crisis levels of air pollution in many developing country cities. When these factors are combined with income and population effects, the authors have a sufficient explanation for the fact that some cities already have air quality comparable to levels in OECD urban areas. To summarize, their results suggest that the maxim "grow first, clean up later" is too simplistic. Appropriate urban growth strategies can steer development toward cities with lower geographic vulnerability, and governance reform can reduce air pollution significantly, long before countries reach middle-income status. This paper--a joint product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group, the Environment Department, and the Global Environment Facility--is part of a larger effort in the Bank to understand governance and pollution"--World Bank web site.

Author : Douglas E. Booth
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield Publishers
Page : 287 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2004-05-03
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781461637431

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Hooked on Growth by Douglas E. Booth Pdf

Challenging conventional wisdom on the virtues of a consumer economy, this provocative book explores the nexus between growth and environment sustainability. The miracle of the modern affluent economy is an ever-swelling cornucopia of consumer goods, leading to expanding consumption as the essential underpinning of economic growth in more and more parts of the globe. Douglas Booth contends that expansion in this form amounts to an addiction. Are we as a society hooked on economic growth of a kind that carries with it significant threats to the natural environment? A critical dilemma for the modern economy is that growth is required to prevent the pain of unemployment. As growth continues, the environment declines, but if growth slows, unemployment rises. We seem trapped in a spiraling predicament like that of the addict. This accessible work explores whether getting "unhooked" from growth to meet the needs of the environment is possible. Giving the environment priority over growth may seem to some like a radical idea, yet the author argues that it can be accomplished using marketable emissions allowances, transferable development rights, and other tools popular with conventional economists. It can also be achieved by creating more interesting and environmentally friendly urban landscapes less beholden to the automobile. The key problem a less growth-oriented society will face is ensuring that everyone who wants employment can find it. This will require something that many people wish for anyway, a shorter workweek. More leisure, a higher-quality environment, and more attractive cities and towns are the potential rewards of a less consumption-oriented society. Yet powerful economic interests that benefit from a high-growth economy are arrayed against changes in the status quo. Under what circumstances can the power of special interests be overcome in the name of environmental conservation? This is the author's critical final question as he offers a clear path to a sustainable economic and environmental

Author : Shanthi Nataraj
Publisher : Rand Corporation
Page : 119 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2013-12-20
Category : History
ISBN : 9780833083999

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Links Between Air Quality and Economic Growth by Shanthi Nataraj Pdf

This report assesses what evidence exists for the ways in which local air quality could influence local economic growth and how those effects might be relevant to the Pittsburgh region.

Author : Susmita Dasgupta
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 30 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1290705232

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Air Pollution During Growth by Susmita Dasgupta Pdf

New research on urban air pollution casts doubt on the conventional view of the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. This view holds that pollution automatically increases until societies reach middle-income status because poor countries have neither the institutional capacity nor the political commitment necessary to regulate polluters. Some policymakers and researchers have cited this model (called the quot;environmental Kuznets curve,quot; or EKC) when arguing that developing countries should quot;grow first, clean up later.quot; However, new evidence suggests that the EKC model is misleading because it mistakenly assumes that strong environmental governance is not possible for poor countries. As the authors show in this paper, the empirical relationship between pollution and income becomes much weaker when measures of governance are added to the analysis. Their results also suggest that previous research has underestimated the effect of geographic vulnerability (climate and terrain factors) on air quality. The authors find that weak governance and geographic vulnerability alone can account for the crisis levels of air pollution in many developing country cities. When these factors are combined with income and population effects, the authors have a sufficient explanation for the fact that some cities already have air quality comparable to levels in OECD urban areas. To summarize, their results suggest that the maxim quot;grow first, clean up laterquot; is too simplistic. Appropriate urban growth strategies can steer development toward cities with lower geographic vulnerability, and governance reform can reduce air pollution significantly, long before countries reach middle-income status.This paper - a joint product of the Infrastructure and Environment Team, Development Research Group, the Environment Department, and the Global Environment Facility - is part of a larger effort in the Bank to understand governance and pollution.

Author : Nico J. Schrijver
Publisher : Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
Page : 277 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2008-12-15
Category : Law
ISBN : 9789004174078

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The Evolution of Sustainable Development in International Law: Inception, Meaning and Status by Nico J. Schrijver Pdf

In a remarkably short time "sustainable development" has become firmly established in international law. The World Commission on Environment and Development concisely defined this concept as: "development that meets the needs of the present generation without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs". This definition combines inter-generational equity with an awareness of the finite capacity of the earth and its natural resources. This book brings together a collection of lectures given at the Hague Academy of International Law. The aim of the book is threefold: firstly, to review the genesis, clarify the meaning and assess the status of sustainable development within international law; secondly, to examine the legal principles that have emerged in the pursuit of sustainable development; and finally, to assess to what extent the current state of law demonstrates a balance between and integration of all relevant fields of international law as urged by the Rio, Johannesburg and World Summit documents.

Author : National Intelligence Council
Publisher : Cosimo Reports
Page : 158 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1646794974

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Global Trends 2040 by National Intelligence Council Pdf

"The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic marks the most significant, singular global disruption since World War II, with health, economic, political, and security implications that will ripple for years to come." -Global Trends 2040 (2021) Global Trends 2040-A More Contested World (2021), released by the US National Intelligence Council, is the latest report in its series of reports starting in 1997 about megatrends and the world's future. This report, strongly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, paints a bleak picture of the future and describes a contested, fragmented and turbulent world. It specifically discusses the four main trends that will shape tomorrow's world: - Demographics-by 2040, 1.4 billion people will be added mostly in Africa and South Asia. - Economics-increased government debt and concentrated economic power will escalate problems for the poor and middleclass. - Climate-a hotter world will increase water, food, and health insecurity. - Technology-the emergence of new technologies could both solve and cause problems for human life. Students of trends, policymakers, entrepreneurs, academics, journalists and anyone eager for a glimpse into the next decades, will find this report, with colored graphs, essential reading.

Author : Paul Ekins
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 396 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2002-01-04
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781134689392

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Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability by Paul Ekins Pdf

A key area of public policy in the last twenty years is the question of how, and how much, to protect vthe environment. At the heart of this has been the heated debate over the nature of the relationship between economic growth and environmental sustainability. Is environemental sustainability economic growth or `green growth', a contradiction in terms? Avoiding the confusion that often surrounds these issues, Ekins provides rigorous expositions of the concept of sustainability, integrated environmental and economic accounting, the Environmental Kuznets Curve, the economics of climate change and environmental taxation. Individual chapters are organised as self-contained, state-of-the-art expositions of the core issues of environmental economics, with extensive cross-referencing from one chapter to another, in order to guide the student or policy-maker through these complex problems. Paul Ekins breaks new ground in defining the conditions of compatibility between economic growth and environmental sustainability, and provides measures and criteria by which the environmental sustainability of economic growth, as it occurs in the real world, may be judged. It is argued that `green growth' is not only theoretically possible but economically achievable and the authors show what environmental and economic policies are required to achieve this. Economic Growth and Environmental Sustainability will be welcolmed by students of and researchers in environmental economics and environmental studies, as well as all interested policy-makers.

Author : OECD
Publisher : OECD Publishing
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2021-05-21
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9789264897632

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Gender and the Environment Building Evidence and Policies to Achieve the SDGs by OECD Pdf

Gender equality and environmental goals are mutually reinforcing, with slow progress on environmental actions affecting the achievement of gender equality, and vice versa. Progress towards the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) requires targeted and coherent actions.

Author : Susmita Dasgupta,Kirk Hamilton,Kiran Pandey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2013
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:931678772

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Air Pollution During Growth by Susmita Dasgupta,Kirk Hamilton,Kiran Pandey Pdf

New research on urban air pollution casts doubt on the conventional view of the relationship between economic growth and environmental quality. This view holds that pollution automatically increases until societies reach middle-income status because poor countries have neither the institutional capacity nor the political commitment necessary to regulate polluters. Some policymakers and researchers have cited this model (called the "environmental Kuznets curve," or EKC) when arguing that developing countries should "grow first, clean up later." However, new evidence suggests that the EKC model is misleading because it mistakenly assumes that strong environmental governance is not possible for poor countries. As the authors show in this paper, the empirical relationship between pollution and income becomes much weaker when measures of governance are added to the analysis. Their results also suggest that previous research has underestimated the effect of geographic vulnerability (climate and terrain factors) on air quality. The authors find that weak governance and geographic vulnerability alone can account for the crisis levels of air pollution in many developing country cities. When these factors are combined with income and population effects, the authors have a sufficient explanation for the fact that some cities already have air quality comparable to levels in OECD urban areas. To summarize, their results suggest that the maxim "grow first, clean up later" is too simplistic. Appropriate urban growth strategies can steer development toward cities with lower geographic vulnerability, and governance reform can reduce air pollution significantly, long before countries reach middle-income status.