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Stochastic Local Search by Holger H. Hoos,Thomas Stützle Pdf
Stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms are among the most prominent and successful techniques for solving computationally difficult problems. Offering a systematic treatment of SLS algorithms, this book examines the general concepts and specific instances of SLS algorithms and considers their development, analysis and application.
Stochastic Local Search - Methods, Models, Applications by Holger Hoos Pdf
To date, stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms are among the standard methods for solving hard combinatorial problems from various areas of Artificial Intelligence and Operations Research. Some of the most successful and powerful algorithms for prominent problems like SAT, CSP, or TSP are based on stochastic local search. This work investigates various aspects of SLS algorithms; in particular, it focusses on modelling these algorithms, empirically evaluating their performance, characterising and improving their behaviour, and understanding the factors which influence their efficiency. These issues are studied for the SAT problem in propositional logic as a primary application domain. SAT has the advantage of being conceptually very simple, which facilitates the design, implementation, and presentation of algorithms as well as their analysis. However, most of the methodology generalises easily to other combinatorial problems like CSP. This Ph.D. thesis won the Best Dissertation Award 1999 (Dissertationspreis) of the German Informatics Society (Gesellschaft fur Informatik).
Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing - SAT 2010 by Ofer Strichman,Stefan Szeider Pdf
Annotation. This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 13th International Conference on Theory and Applications of Satisfiability Testing, SAT 2010, held in Edinburgh, UK, in July 2010 as part of the Federated Logic Conference, FLoC 2010. The 21 revised full papers presented together with 14 revised short papers and 2 invited talks were carefully selected from 75 submissions. The papers cover a broad range of topics such as proof systems and proof complexity; search algorithms and heuristics; analysis of algorithms; combinatorial theory of satisfiability; random instances vs structured instances; problem encodings; industrial applications; applications to combinatorics; solvers, simplifiers and tools; and exact and parameterized algorithms.
Experimental Methods for the Analysis of Optimization Algorithms by Thomas Bartz-Beielstein,Marco Chiarandini,Luís Paquete,Mike Preuss Pdf
In operations research and computer science it is common practice to evaluate the performance of optimization algorithms on the basis of computational results, and the experimental approach should follow accepted principles that guarantee the reliability and reproducibility of results. However, computational experiments differ from those in other sciences, and the last decade has seen considerable methodological research devoted to understanding the particular features of such experiments and assessing the related statistical methods. This book consists of methodological contributions on different scenarios of experimental analysis. The first part overviews the main issues in the experimental analysis of algorithms, and discusses the experimental cycle of algorithm development; the second part treats the characterization by means of statistical distributions of algorithm performance in terms of solution quality, runtime and other measures; and the third part collects advanced methods from experimental design for configuring and tuning algorithms on a specific class of instances with the goal of using the least amount of experimentation. The contributor list includes leading scientists in algorithm design, statistical design, optimization and heuristics, and most chapters provide theoretical background and are enriched with case studies. This book is written for researchers and practitioners in operations research and computer science who wish to improve the experimental assessment of optimization algorithms and, consequently, their design.
Handbook of Heuristics by Rafael Martí,Pardalos Panos,Mauricio Resende Pdf
Heuristics are strategies using readily accessible, loosely applicable information to control problem solving. Algorithms, for example, are a type of heuristic. By contrast, Metaheuristics are methods used to design Heuristics and may coordinate the usage of several Heuristics toward the formulation of a single method. GRASP (Greedy Randomized Adaptive Search Procedures) is an example of a Metaheuristic. To the layman, heuristics may be thought of as ‘rules of thumb’ but despite its imprecision, heuristics is a very rich field that refers to experience-based techniques for problem-solving, learning, and discovery. Any given solution/heuristic is not guaranteed to be optimal but heuristic methodologies are used to speed up the process of finding satisfactory solutions where optimal solutions are impractical. The introduction to this Handbook provides an overview of the history of Heuristics along with main issues regarding the methodologies covered. This is followed by Chapters containing various examples of local searches, search strategies and Metaheuristics, leading to an analyses of Heuristics and search algorithms. The reference concludes with numerous illustrations of the highly applicable nature and implementation of Heuristics in our daily life. Each chapter of this work includes an abstract/introduction with a short description of the methodology. Key words are also necessary as part of top-matter to each chapter to enable maximum search engine optimization. Next, chapters will include discussion of the adaptation of this methodology to solve a difficult optimization problem, and experiments on a set of representative problems.
Handbook of Approximation Algorithms and Metaheuristics by Teofilo F. Gonzalez Pdf
Handbook of Approximation Algorithms and Metaheuristics, Second Edition reflects the tremendous growth in the field, over the past two decades. Through contributions from leading experts, this handbook provides a comprehensive introduction to the underlying theory and methodologies, as well as the various applications of approximation algorithms and metaheuristics. Volume 1 of this two-volume set deals primarily with methodologies and traditional applications. It includes restriction, relaxation, local ratio, approximation schemes, randomization, tabu search, evolutionary computation, local search, neural networks, and other metaheuristics. It also explores multi-objective optimization, reoptimization, sensitivity analysis, and stability. Traditional applications covered include: bin packing, multi-dimensional packing, Steiner trees, traveling salesperson, scheduling, and related problems. Volume 2 focuses on the contemporary and emerging applications of methodologies to problems in combinatorial optimization, computational geometry and graphs problems, as well as in large-scale and emerging application areas. It includes approximation algorithms and heuristics for clustering, networks (sensor and wireless), communication, bioinformatics search, streams, virtual communities, and more. About the Editor Teofilo F. Gonzalez is a professor emeritus of computer science at the University of California, Santa Barbara. He completed his Ph.D. in 1975 from the University of Minnesota. He taught at the University of Oklahoma, the Pennsylvania State University, and the University of Texas at Dallas, before joining the UCSB computer science faculty in 1984. He spent sabbatical leaves at the Monterrey Institute of Technology and Higher Education and Utrecht University. He is known for his highly cited pioneering research in the hardness of approximation; for his sublinear and best possible approximation algorithm for k-tMM clustering; for introducing the open-shop scheduling problem as well as algorithms for its solution that have found applications in numerous research areas; as well as for his research on problems in the areas of job scheduling, graph algorithms, computational geometry, message communication, wire routing, etc.
Stochastic Local Search Algorithms for Multiobjective Combinatorial Optimization by Luis F. Paquete Pdf
Stochastic Local Search algorithms were shown to give state-of-the-art results for many other problems, but little is known on how to design and analyse them for Multiobjective Combinatorial Optimization Problems. This book aims to fill this gap. It defines two search models that correspond to two distinct ways of tackling MCOPs by SLS algorithms."
Stochastic Adaptive Search for Global Optimization by Z.B. Zabinsky Pdf
The field of global optimization has been developing at a rapid pace. There is a journal devoted to the topic, as well as many publications and notable books discussing various aspects of global optimization. This book is intended to complement these other publications with a focus on stochastic methods for global optimization. Stochastic methods, such as simulated annealing and genetic algo rithms, are gaining in popularity among practitioners and engineers be they are relatively easy to program on a computer and may be cause applied to a broad class of global optimization problems. However, the theoretical performance of these stochastic methods is not well under stood. In this book, an attempt is made to describe the theoretical prop erties of several stochastic adaptive search methods. Such a theoretical understanding may allow us to better predict algorithm performance and ultimately design new and improved algorithms. This book consolidates a collection of papers on the analysis and de velopment of stochastic adaptive search. The first chapter introduces random search algorithms. Chapters 2-5 describe the theoretical anal ysis of a progression of algorithms. A main result is that the expected number of iterations for pure adaptive search is linear in dimension for a class of Lipschitz global optimization problems. Chapter 6 discusses algorithms, based on the Hit-and-Run sampling method, that have been developed to approximate the ideal performance of pure random search. The final chapter discusses several applications in engineering that use stochastic adaptive search methods.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed post-proceedings of the 8th International Workshop on DNA Based Computers, DNA8, held in Sapporo, Japan, in June 2002. The 30 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during two rounds of reviewing and improvement from an initial total of 68 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on self-assembly and autonomous molecular computation, molecular evolution and application to biotechnology, applications to mathematical problems, nucleic acid sequence design, and theory.
Engineering Stochastic Local Search Algorithms. Designing, Implementing and Analyzing Effective Heuristics by Thomas Stützle,Mauro Birattari,Holger H. Hoos Pdf
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the International Workshop on Engineering Stochastic Local Search Algorithms 2009, held in Brussels, Belgium, September 3-5, 2009. The 7 revised full papers presented together with 10 short papers were carefully reviewed and selected from more than 27 submissions. The topics include e. g. the use of run time distributions to evaluate and compare, high- performance local search for task scheduling with human, running time analysis of ACO Systems for shortest path problems, the explorative behavior of MAX-MIN ant system and improved robustness through population variance and colony optimization.
Engineering Stochastic Local Search Algorithms. Designing, Implementing and Analyzing Effective Heuristics by Thomas Stützle,Mauro Birattari,Holger H. Hoos Pdf
Stochastic local search (SLS) algorithms are established tools for the solution of computationally hard problems arising in computer science, business adm- istration, engineering, biology, and various other disciplines. To a large extent, their success is due to their conceptual simplicity, broad applicability and high performance for many important problems studied in academia and enco- tered in real-world applications. SLS methods include a wide spectrum of te- niques, ranging from constructive search procedures and iterative improvement algorithms to more complex SLS methods, such as ant colony optimization, evolutionary computation, iterated local search, memetic algorithms, simulated annealing, tabu search, and variable neighborhood search. Historically, the development of e?ective SLS algorithms has been guided to a large extent by experience and intuition. In recent years, it has become - creasingly evident that success with SLS algorithms depends not merely on the adoption and e?cient implementation of the most appropriate SLS technique for a given problem, but also on the mastery of a more complex algorithm - gineering process. Challenges in SLS algorithm development arise partly from the complexity of the problems being tackled and in part from the many - grees of freedom researchers and practitioners encounter when developing SLS algorithms. Crucial aspects in the SLS algorithm development comprise al- rithm design, empirical analysis techniques, problem-speci?c background, and background knowledge in several key disciplines and areas, including computer science, operations research, arti?cial intelligence, and statistics.
Stochastic Global Optimization by Anatoly Zhigljavsky,Antanasz Zilinskas Pdf
This book examines the main methodological and theoretical developments in stochastic global optimization. It is designed to inspire readers to explore various stochastic methods of global optimization by clearly explaining the main methodological principles and features of the methods. Among the book’s features is a comprehensive study of probabilistic and statistical models underlying the stochastic optimization algorithms.
Constraint-based Local Search by Pascal Van Hentenryck,Laurent Michel Pdf
The ubiquity of combinatorial optimization problems in our society is illustrated by the novel application areas for optimization technology, which range from supply chain management to sports tournament scheduling. Over the last two decades, constraint programming has emerged as a fundamental methodology to solve a variety of combinatorial problems, and rich constraint programming languages have been developed for expressing and combining constraints and specifying search procedures at a high level of abstraction. Local search approaches to combinatorial optimization are able to isolate optimal or near-optimal solutions within reasonable time constraints. This book introduces a method for solving combinatorial optimization problems that combines constraint programming and local search, using constraints to describe and control local search, and a programming language, COMET, that supports both modeling and search abstractions in the spirit of constraint programming. After an overview of local search including neighborhoods, heuristics, and metaheuristics, the book presents the architecture and modeling and search components of constraint-based local search and describes how constraint-based local search is supported in COMET. The book describes a variety of applications, arranged by meta-heuristics. It presents scheduling applications, along with the background necessary to understand these challenging problems. The book also includes a number of satisfiability problems, illustrating the ability of constraint-based local search approaches to cope with both satisfiability and optimization problems in a uniform fashion.
