Stop And Search And Police Legitimacy

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Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy

Ben Bradford
Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy Book PDF

Author : Ben Bradford
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 222 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-01-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781134619177

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Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy by Ben Bradford Pdf

‘Stop and search’ is a form of police-citizen interaction that is confrontational, often stressful for those involved, and potentially damaging to the relationship between police and public. The extent to which police officers use their power to stop and perhaps search members of the public is intimately linked not only to the present-day context of policing but also to longer term patterns in the aims of policing, the ends used to achieve them, and ultimately to the ideology of policing in England and Wales. Stop and Search and Police Legitimacy draws upon both police-administrative and survey-based data to examine what has for many years been one of the most highly charged and contested aspects of police practice. Taking a decidedly quantitative, empirical, approach, this book examines the patterning of police stops over social and geographic space, the problem of ethnic disproportionality, and the evidence concerning how people experience and react to being stopped by police – particularly in relation to issues of fairness, legitimacy, cooperation and compliance. A further important concern is the extent to which this form of police practice shapes and re-shapes the identities of those affected by it. This ground-breaking study is a comprehensive resource for students and scholars in the fields of criminology, sociology, social policy, ethnic and racial studies and human rights. It will also be of special interest to police leaders and policy-makers.

Police-Citizen Relations Across the World

Dietrich Oberwittler,Sebastian Roché
Police Citizen Relations Across the World Book PDF

Author : Dietrich Oberwittler,Sebastian Roché
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 337 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2017-10-02
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781315406640

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Police-Citizen Relations Across the World by Dietrich Oberwittler,Sebastian Roché Pdf

Police-citizen relations are in the public spotlight following outbursts of anger and violence. Such clashes often happen as a response to fatal police shootings, racial or ethnic discrimination, or the mishandling of mass protests. But even in such cases, citizens’ assessment of the police differs considerably across social groups. This raises the question of the sources and impediments of citizens’ trust and support for police. Why are police-citizen relations much better in some countries than in others? Are police-minority relations doomed to be strained? And which police practices and policing policies generate trust and legitimacy? Research on police legitimacy has been centred on US experiences, and relied on procedural justice as the main theoretical approach. This book questions whether this approach is suitable and sufficient to understand public attitudes towards the police across different countries and regions of the world. This volume shows that the impact of macro-level conditions, of societal cleavages, and of state and political institutions on police-citizen relations has too often been neglected in contemporary research. Building on empirical studies from around the world as well as cross-national comparisons, this volume considerably expands current perspectives on the sources of police legitimacy and citizens’ trust in the police. Combining the analysis of micro-level interactions with a perspective on the contextual framework and varying national conditions, the contributions to this book illustrate the strength of a broadened perspective and lead us to ask how specific national frameworks shape the experiences of policing.

Just Authority?

Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko
Just Authority Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : History
ISBN : 9781843928485

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Just Authority? by Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko Pdf

Just Authority? provides the most authoritative and comprehensive analysis thus far of the meaning, distribution and significance of trust in the police and the legitimacy of legal authorities. Drawing on psychological and sociological explanatory paradigms, Just Authority? presents a cutting-edge empirical study into public trust, police legitimacy, and people's readiness to cooperate with officers. It represents, first, the most detailed test to date of Tom Tyler's procedural justice model attempted outside the United States. Second, it uncovers the social ecology of trust and legitimacy and, third, it describes the relationships between trust, legitimacy and cooperation.This book contains many important lessons for practitioners, policy-makers and academics.

The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing

Michael D. Reisig,Robert J. Kane
The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing Book PDF

Author : Michael D. Reisig,Robert J. Kane
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 696 pages
File Size : 55,8 Mb
Release : 2014-03-31
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9780199843893

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The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing by Michael D. Reisig,Robert J. Kane Pdf

The police are perhaps the most visible representation of government. They are charged with what has been characterized as an "impossible" mandate -- control and prevent crime, keep the peace, provide public services -- and do so within the constraints of democratic principles. The police are trusted to use deadly force when it is called for and are allowed access to our homes in cases of emergency. In fact, police departments are one of the few government agencies that can be mobilized by a simple phone call, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. They are ubiquitous within our society, but their actions are often not well understood. The Oxford Handbook of Police and Policing brings together research on the development and operation of policing in the United States and elsewhere. Accomplished policing researchers Michael D. Reisig and Robert J. Kane have assembled a cast of renowned scholars to provide an authoritative and comprehensive overview of the institution of policing. The different sections of the Handbook explore policing contexts, strategies, authority, and issues relating to race and ethnicity. The Handbook also includes reviews of the research methodologies used by policing scholars and considerations of the factors that will ultimately shape the future of policing, thus providing persuasive insights into why and how policing has developed, what it is today, and what to expect in the future. Aimed at a wide audience of scholars and students in criminology and criminal justice, as well as police professionals, the Handbook serves as the definitive resource for information on this important institution.

Good Policing

Hough, Mike
Good Policing Book PDF

Author : Hough, Mike
Publisher : Policy Press
Page : 156 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2020-11-25
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781447355090

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Good Policing by Hough, Mike Pdf

Renowned criminologist Mike Hough illuminates the principles and practices of good policing in this important analysis of the police service’s legitimacy and the factors, such as public trust, that drive it. As concern grows at the growth in crimes of serious violence, he challenges conventional political and public thinking on crime and scrutinises strategies and tactics like deterrence and stop-and-search. Contrasting ‘hard’ and ‘soft’ approaches to policing and punishment, he offers a fresh perspective that stresses the importance of securing normative compliance. For officers, students, policy makers and anyone who has an interest in the police force, this is a valuable roadmap for ethical policing.

In Search of Police Legitimacy

Jonathan A. Cooper
In Search of Police Legitimacy Book PDF

Author : Jonathan A. Cooper
Publisher : LFB Scholarly Publishing
Page : 198 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2014-01-01
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 1593327552

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In Search of Police Legitimacy by Jonathan A. Cooper Pdf

Cooper answers two questions: why do police precincts look similar, despite being situated in very different environments? And, why do police engage in behavior that does not result in crime control? These two questions are closely related.

Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing

National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee to Review Research on Police Policy and Practices
Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing Book PDF

Author : National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee to Review Research on Police Policy and Practices
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 431 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2004-04-06
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309084338

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Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing by National Research Council,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee to Review Research on Police Policy and Practices Pdf

Because police are the most visible face of government power for most citizens, they are expected to deal effectively with crime and disorder and to be impartial. Producing justice through the fair, and restrained use of their authority. The standards by which the public judges police success have become more exacting and challenging. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing explores police work in the new century. It replaces myths with research findings and provides recommendations for updated policy and practices to guide it. The book provides answers to the most basic questions: What do police do? It reviews how police work is organized, explores the expanding responsibilities of police, examines the increasing diversity among police employees, and discusses the complex interactions between officers and citizens. It also addresses such topics as community policing, use of force, racial profiling, and evaluates the success of common police techniques, such as focusing on crime "hot spots." It goes on to look at the issue of legitimacyâ€"how the public gets information about police work, and how police are viewed by different groups, and how police can gain community trust. Fairness and Effectiveness in Policing will be important to anyone concerned about police work: policy makers, administrators, educators, police supervisors and officers, journalists, and interested citizens.

The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set

J. C. Barnes,David R. Forde
The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice 2 Volume Set Book PDF

Author : J. C. Barnes,David R. Forde
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 967 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2021-09-08
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781119110729

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The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice, 2 Volume Set by J. C. Barnes,David R. Forde Pdf

The Encyclopedia of RESEARCH METHODS IN CRIMINOLOGY & CRIMINAL JUSTICE The most comprehensive reference work on research designs and methods in criminology and criminal justice This Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice offers a comprehensive survey of research methodologies and statistical techniques that are popular in criminology and criminal justice systems across the globe. With contributions from leading scholars and practitioners in the field, it offers a clear insight into the techniques that are currently in use to answer the pressing questions in criminology and criminal justice. The Encyclopedia contains essential information from a diverse pool of authors about research designs grounded in both qualitative and quantitative approaches. It includes information on popular datasets and leading resources of government statistics. In addition, the contributors cover a wide range of topics such as: the most current research on the link between guns and crime, rational choice theory, and the use of technology like geospatial mapping as a crime reduction tool. This invaluable reference work: Offers a comprehensive survey of international research designs, methods, and statistical techniques Includes contributions from leading figures in the field Contains data on criminology and criminal justice from Cambridge to Chicago Presents information on capital punishment, domestic violence, crime science, and much more Helps us to better understand, explain, and prevent crime Written for undergraduate students, graduate students, and researchers, The Encyclopedia of Research Methods in Criminology and Criminal Justice is the first reference work of its kind to offer a comprehensive review of this important topic.

Proactive Policing

National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties
Proactive Policing Book PDF

Author : National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 409 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-23
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780309467131

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Proactive Policing by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine,Division of Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education,Committee on Law and Justice,Committee on Proactive Policing: Effects on Crime, Communities, and Civil Liberties Pdf

Proactive policing, as a strategic approach used by police agencies to prevent crime, is a relatively new phenomenon in the United States. It developed from a crisis in confidence in policing that began to emerge in the 1960s because of social unrest, rising crime rates, and growing skepticism regarding the effectiveness of standard approaches to policing. In response, beginning in the 1980s and 1990s, innovative police practices and policies that took a more proactive approach began to develop. This report uses the term "proactive policing" to refer to all policing strategies that have as one of their goals the prevention or reduction of crime and disorder and that are not reactive in terms of focusing primarily on uncovering ongoing crime or on investigating or responding to crimes once they have occurred. Proactive policing is distinguished from the everyday decisions of police officers to be proactive in specific situations and instead refers to a strategic decision by police agencies to use proactive police responses in a programmatic way to reduce crime. Today, proactive policing strategies are used widely in the United States. They are not isolated programs used by a select group of agencies but rather a set of ideas that have spread across the landscape of policing. Proactive Policing reviews the evidence and discusses the data and methodological gaps on: (1) the effects of different forms of proactive policing on crime; (2) whether they are applied in a discriminatory manner; (3) whether they are being used in a legal fashion; and (4) community reaction. This report offers a comprehensive evaluation of proactive policing that includes not only its crime prevention impacts but also its broader implications for justice and U.S. communities.

Policing and Public Management

Kevin Morrell,Ben Bradford
Policing and Public Management Book PDF

Author : Kevin Morrell,Ben Bradford
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 182 pages
File Size : 52,7 Mb
Release : 2018-07-17
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781351698238

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Policing and Public Management by Kevin Morrell,Ben Bradford Pdf

Policing and Public Management takes a new perspective on the challenges and problems facing the governance of police forces across the UK and the developed world. Complementing existing texts in criminology and police studies, Morrell and Bradford draw on ideas from the neighbouring fields of public management and virtue ethics to open the field up to a broader audience. This forms the basis for an imaginative reframing of policing as something that either enhances or diminishes "the public good" in society. The text focuses on two cross-cutting aspects of the relationship between the police and the public: public confidence and public order. Extending award-winning work in public management, and drawing on extensive and varied data sources, Policing and Public Management offers new ways of seeing the police and of understanding police governance. This text will be valuable supplementary reading for students of public management, policing and criminology, as well as others who want to be better informed about contemporary policing.

Just Authority?

Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko,Katrin Hohl
Just Authority Book PDF

Author : Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko,Katrin Hohl
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2012-10-12
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781136254437

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Just Authority? by Jonathan Jackson,Ben Bradford,Betsy Stanko,Katrin Hohl Pdf

What does it mean to trust the police? What makes the police legitimate in the eyes of the policed? What builds trust, legitimacy and cooperation, and what undermines the bond between police and the public? These questions are central to current debates concerning the relationship between the British police and the public it serves. Yet, in the context of British policing they are seldom asked explicitly, still less examined in depth. Drawing on psychological and sociological explanatory paradigms, Just Authority? presents a cutting-edge empirical study into public trust, police legitimacy, and people’s readiness to cooperate with officers. It represents, first, the most detailed test to date of Tom Tyler’s procedural justice model attempted outside the United States. Second, it uncovers the social ecology of trust and legitimacy and, third, it describes the relationships between trust, legitimacy and cooperation. This book contains many important lessons for practitioners, policy-makers and academics. As elsewhere the dominant vision of policing in Great Britain continues to stress instrumental effectiveness: the ‘fight against crime’ will be won by pro-active and even aggressive policing. In line with work from the United States and elsewhere, Just Authority? casts significant doubt on such claims. When people find policing to be unfair, disrespectful and careless of human dignity, not only is trust lost, legitimacy is also damaged and cooperation is withdrawn as a result. Absent such public support, the job of the police is made harder and the avowed objectives of less crime and disorder placed ever further from reach.

The Politics of Policing

Mathieu Deflem
The Politics of Policing Book PDF

Author : Mathieu Deflem
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 400 pages
File Size : 54,7 Mb
Release : 2016-06-06
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781786350299

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The Politics of Policing by Mathieu Deflem Pdf

Developments and problems associated with police power are at the very front of current public debate. This volume addresses contemporary issues of policing with a focus on the characteristics of police power as a coercive force in society and its continued need for legitimacy in a democratic social order.

Contemporary Issues in Global Criminal Justice

Ed Johnston,Sophie Marsh
Contemporary Issues in Global Criminal Justice Book PDF

Author : Ed Johnston,Sophie Marsh
Publisher : Rowman & Littlefield
Page : 303 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2022-08-22
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781793637345

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Contemporary Issues in Global Criminal Justice by Ed Johnston,Sophie Marsh Pdf

Contemporary Issues in Global Criminal Justice provides a holistic analysis of modern criminal justice issues, encompassing the pre-trial, investigative, and post-conviction stages of criminal justice in legal settings across the world. The contributors acknowledge and examine the vast array of challenges in global criminal justice, from the role of the International Criminal Court to policing, the integration of technology, and how marginalized groups, such as sex workers and those with addictions, are treated in the courts. With contributions from scholars in England and Wales, New Zealand, Croatia, Spain, the Netherlands, Canada, and The Republic of North Macedonia, this book is not limited to one jurisdiction, and highlights that criminal justice is very much a global issue in a state of crisis. From policing to the courts, it is in urgent need of reform. Without a competent criminal justice system, justice does not exist. This book would be of interest to scholars in the legal, criminal justice, and criminology fields.

Race, Ethnicity, and Policing

Robin S. Engel
Race Ethnicity and Policing Book PDF

Author : Robin S. Engel
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 544 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2010-03-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780814776162

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Race, Ethnicity, and Policing by Robin S. Engel Pdf

The text includes both classic pieces and original essays that provide the reader with a comprehensive, even-handed sense of the theoretical underpinnings, methodological challenges, and existing research necessary to understand the problems associated with racial and ethnic profiling and police bias.

Pulled Over

Charles R. Epp,Steven Maynard-Moody,Donald Haider-Markel
Pulled Over Book PDF

Author : Charles R. Epp,Steven Maynard-Moody,Donald Haider-Markel
Publisher : University of Chicago Press
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2014-04-04
Category : Law
ISBN : 9780226114040

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Pulled Over by Charles R. Epp,Steven Maynard-Moody,Donald Haider-Markel Pdf

In sheer numbers, no form of government control comes close to the police stop. Each year, twelve percent of drivers in the United States are stopped by the police, and the figure is almost double among racial minorities. Police stops are among the most recognizable and frequently criticized incidences of racial profiling, but, while numerous studies have shown that minorities are pulled over at higher rates, none have examined how police stops have come to be both encouraged and institutionalized. Pulled Over deftly traces the strange history of the investigatory police stop, from its discredited beginning as “aggressive patrolling” to its current status as accepted institutional practice. Drawing on the richest study of police stops to date, the authors show that who is stopped and how they are treated convey powerful messages about citizenship and racial disparity in the United States. For African Americans, for instance, the experience of investigatory stops erodes the perceived legitimacy of police stops and of the police generally, leading to decreased trust in the police and less willingness to solicit police assistance or to self-censor in terms of clothing or where they drive. This holds true even when police are courteous and respectful throughout the encounters and follow seemingly colorblind institutional protocols. With a growing push in recent years to use local police in immigration efforts, Hispanics stand poised to share African Americans’ long experience of investigative stops. In a country that celebrates democracy and racial equality, investigatory stops have a profound and deleterious effect on African American and other minority communities that merits serious reconsideration. Pulled Over offers practical recommendations on how reforms can protect the rights of citizens and still effectively combat crime.