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Author : Carol R. Stoker,Carter Emmart
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Science
ISBN : UOM:39015043247694
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 68 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Exobiology
ISBN : NASA:31769000652001
Author : Carol R. Stoker,Carter Emmart
Publisher : Univelt
Page : 652 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Mars (Planet)
ISBN : STANFORD:36105019147003
Twenty-six essays written by workers in the space industry and interested lay people make a case for exploring Mars, arguing for the scientific objectives that could be achieved in the Martian "frontier" and even providing a cost and benefit analysis. The discussions suggest specific strategies in "getting there," flight profiles, and rocket designs utilizing nuclear electric propulsion. However, the questions remains--what happens when we arrive? In response, the authors speculate on life support, biomedical issues, transportation, and living spaces based on Biosphere 2 results. Lacks an index. Annotation copyright by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on an Astrobiology Strategy for the Exploration of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2007-07-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309108515
Three recent developments have greatly increased interest in the search for life on Mars. The first is new information about the Martian environment including evidence of a watery past and the possibility of atmospheric methane. The second is the possibility of microbial viability on Mars. Finally, the Vision for Space Exploration initiative included an explicit directive to search for the evidence of life on Mars. These scientific and political developments led NASA to request the NRC's assistance in formulating an up-to-date integrated astrobiology strategy for Mars exploration. Among other topics, this report presents a review of current knowledge about possible life on Mars; an astrobiological assessment of current Mars missions; a review of Mars-mission planetary protection; and findings and recommendations. The report notes that the greatest increase in understanding of Mars will come from the collection and return to Earth of a well-chosen suite of Martian surface materials.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA)
Publisher : Createspace Independent Publishing Platform
Page : 62 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-07-06
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1722181729
The idea of searching for evidence of life on Mars may strike some as far-fetched, even fanciful. But there is a compelling logic to such a quest, as well as an equally compelling excitement. Early environments were apparently sufficiently similar on Mars and Earth, and life arose so rapidly on Earth once conditions became clement, that emergence of life on both planets at that time is scarcely less plausible than emergence on only one. Furthermore, although a fossil on Mars might seem at first like a proverbial needle in a haystack, experience on Earth tell us that if we know where to look, finding evidence of ancient life is not particularly difficult, especially when one considers that such evidence can be relatively widely disseminated in the form of chemical or isotopic signatures. The key is to recognize that the search for ancient life on Mars will involve a logically designed sequence of missions, each of which will focus on defining ever more closely where and how biosignatures may be found. Although one can never rule out a chance discovery, this quest should not be approached as one that will yield to a single, expeditious mission. (In fact, the proposed strategy lends itself particularly well to the use of a series of relatively small, inexpensive spacecraft, rather than a single flagship-class mission). The search for life on Mars will take time and commitment, but the reward could be a discovery of inestimable importance, not just to science, but to humanity as a whole. Unspecified Center...
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Life Sciences,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on an Astrobiology Strategy for the Exploration of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 130 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2007-06-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309179416
Three recent developments have greatly increased interest in the search for life on Mars. The first is new information about the Martian environment including evidence of a watery past and the possibility of atmospheric methane. The second is the possibility of microbial viability on Mars. Finally, the Vision for Space Exploration initiative included an explicit directive to search for the evidence of life on Mars. These scientific and political developments led NASA to request the NRC's assistance in formulating an up-to-date integrated astrobiology strategy for Mars exploration. Among other topics, this report presents a review of current knowledge about possible life on Mars; an astrobiological assessment of current Mars missions; a review of Mars-mission planetary protection; and findings and recommendations. The report notes that the greatest increase in understanding of Mars will come from the collection and return to Earth of a well-chosen suite of Martian surface materials.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration,U.S. Congress
Publisher : e-artnow
Page : 107 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 2017-03-28
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9788026876083
President Donald Trump signed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Transition Authorization Act of 2017, the first comprehensive NASA authorization act passed in seven years by Congress, authorizing $19.5 billion in funding for deep space exploration and human travel to Mars by 2030. NASA will lead our nation and our world on a journey to Mars. Like the Apollo Program, they will embark on this journey for all humanity. Mars is the horizon goal for pioneering space; it is the next tangible frontier for expanding human presence. Mars have found valuable resources for sustaining human pioneers, such as water ice just below the surface. Mars had conditions suitable for life, but will it our new home?" Table of Contents: Basic Facts About Mars Journey to Mars - Introduction Journey to Mars - Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration: Our Goal Our Approach: Pioneering Principles Three Phases on Our Journey to Mars Our Strategy for the Journey to Mars Our Progress and Plans on the Journey to Mars Pioneering Challenges Government's Authorization of the Plan - An Act to Authorize the Programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for Other Purposes
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration
Publisher : Government Printing Office
Page : 36 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2016-02-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 8210379456XXX
This document communicates NASA’s strategy and progress to learn about the Red Planet, to inform us more about our Earth’s past and future, and may help answer whether life exists beyond our home planet. Together with NASA’s partners in academia and commercial enterprises, NASA’s vision is to pioneer Mars and answer some of humanity’s fundamental questions: • Was Mars home to microbial life? Is it today? • Could it be a safe home for humans one day? • What can it teach us about life elsewhere in the cosmos or how life began on Earth? • What can it teach us about Earth’s past, present, and future?
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Mars (Planet)
ISBN : NASA:31769000660483
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 76 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Exobiology
ISBN : PSU:000024585095
Author : Nathalie A. Cabrol,Edmond A. Grin
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 390 pages
File Size : 48,8 Mb
Release : 2018-07-10
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780128099360
From Habitability to Life on Mars explores the current state of knowledge and questions on the past habitability of Mars and the role that rapid environmental changes may have played in the ability of prebiotic chemistry to transition to life. It investigates the role that such changes may have played in the preservation of biosignatures in the geological record and what this means for exploration strategies. Throughout the book, the authors show how the investigation of terrestrial analogs to early Martian habitats under various climates and environmental extremes provide critical clues to understand where, what and how to search for biosignatures on Mars. The authors present an introduction to the newest developments and state-of-the-art remote and in situ detection strategies and technologies that are being currently developed to support the upcoming ExoMars and Mars 2020 missions. They show how the current orbital and ground exploration is guiding the selection for future landing sites. Finally, the book concludes by discussing the critical question of the implications and ethics of finding life on Mars. Edited by the lead on a NASA project that searches for habitability and life on Mars leading to the Mars 2020 mission Presents the evidence, questions and answers we have today (including a summary of the current state of knowledge in advance of the ESA ExoMars and NASA Mars 2020 missions) Includes contributions from authors directly involved in past, current and upcoming Mars missions Provides key information as to how Mars rovers, such as ExoMars and Mars 2020, will address the search for life on Mars with their instrumentation
Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Preventing the Forward Contamination of Mars
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 166 pages
File Size : 53,7 Mb
Release : 2006-04-22
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309097246
Recent spacecraft and robotic probes to Mars have yielded data that are changing our understanding significantly about the possibility of existing or past life on that planet. Coupled with advances in biology and life-detection techniques, these developments place increasing importance on the need to protect Mars from contamination by Earth-borne organisms. To help with this effort, NASA requested that the NRC examine existing planetary protection measures for Mars and recommend changes and further research to improve such measures. This report discusses policies, requirements, and techniques to protect Mars from organisms originating on Earth that could interfere with scientific investigations. It provides recommendations on cleanliness and biological burden levels of Mars-bound spacecraft, methods to reach those levels, and research to reduce uncertainties in preventing forward contamination of Mars.
Author : Julia Steger
Publisher : GRIN Verlag
Page : 11 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2015-07-08
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9783668012493
Seminar paper from the year 2015 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1,0, University of Nottingham, language: English, abstract: Mars Inc. is a very unique company with a distinct strategy. As one of the biggest privately owned companies with a remarkable market share and revenue, Mars sets new dimensions to building, enabling and promoting a mission that involves mutual benefits for every stakeholder in a highly competitive and demanding environment. Mars Inc. is one of the most productive and profitable privately owned companies operating in the food sector with an estimated revenue of US$33 billion in 2013 (“Mars Inc. Company Profile,” 2014). With a history of over a hundred years of being a highly successful business, Mars is a very special example for a sustainable but distinct company strategy. Strategic management allows a business to conduct a environmental analysis that then enables the company to meet various business challenges in order to meet customer and stakeholder demands to gain a competitive advantage in its market (Dawson & Andriopoulos, 2014). Mars’ strategy, which is a combination of an innovative management philosophy and familial eccentricity, will be further described in this paper. Therefore external and internal influences on the company will be shown as comprehensive as possible, since a lot internal matters are kept a strict secret by Mars. The paper will roughly outline the external influences by covering a PESTEL analysis and Porter’s Five Forces, show how Mars positions itself on the market, sketch the company’s internal HR practices, define its core competencies and conclude with Hambrick and Fredrickson’s Major Elements of Strategy. Some more detailed analysis (a longer version of the PESTEL evaluation) can be found in the appendix. As already mentioned Mars acts in a few different markets including chocolates and pet food, which all have their very own power balances and specialties. This paper, however, will give an overview of the company’s general market position in the food processing industry and will not specify on one business segment in particular.
Author : W. Henry Lambright
Publisher : JHU Press
Page : 334 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 2014-06-10
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9781421412801
Traces NASA’s torturous journey to Mars from the fly-bys of the 1960s to landing rovers and seeking life today. Mars has captured the human imagination for decades. Since NASA’s establishment in 1958, the space agency has looked to Mars as a compelling prize, the one place, beyond the Moon, where robotic and human exploration could converge. Remarkably successful with its roaming multi-billion-dollar robot, Curiosity, NASA’s Mars program represents one of the agency’s greatest achievements. Why Mars analyzes the history of the robotic Mars exploration program from its origins to today. W. Henry Lambright examines the politics and policies behind NASA's multi-decade quest, illuminating the roles of key individuals and institutions along with their triumphs and defeats. Lambright outlines the ebbs and flows of policy evolution, focusing on critical points of change and factors that spurred strategic reorientation. He explains Mars exploration as a striking example of “big science” and describes the ways a powerful advocacy coalition—composed of NASA decision makers, the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, the Mars academic science community, and many others—has influenced governmental decisions on Mars exploration, making it, at times, a national priority. The quest for Mars stretches over many years and involves billions of dollars. What does it take to mount and give coherence to a multi-mission, big science program? How do advocates and decision makers maintain goals and adapt their programs in the face of opposition and budgetary stringency? Where do they succeed in their strategies? Where do they fall short? Lambright’s insightful book suggests that from Mars exploration we can learn lessons that apply to other large-scale national endeavors in science and technology.
Author : National Aeronautics and Space Administration,U.S. Congress
Publisher : Good Press
Page : 126 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2024-01-16
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : EAN:8596547812227
President Donald Trump signed the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Transition Authorization Act of 2017, the first comprehensive NASA authorization act passed in seven years by Congress, authorizing $19.5 billion in funding for deep space exploration and human travel to Mars by 2030. NASA will lead our nation and our world on a journey to Mars. Like the Apollo Program, they will embark on this journey for all humanity. Mars is the horizon goal for pioneering space; it is the next tangible frontier for expanding human presence. Mars have found valuable resources for sustaining human pioneers, such as water ice just below the surface. Mars had conditions suitable for life, but will it our new home?" Table of Contents: Basic Facts About Mars Journey to Mars - Introduction Journey to Mars - Pioneering Next Steps in Space Exploration: Our Goal Our Approach: Pioneering Principles Three Phases on Our Journey to Mars Our Strategy for the Journey to Mars Our Progress and Plans on the Journey to Mars Pioneering Challenges Government's Authorization of the Plan - An Act to Authorize the Programs of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, and for Other Purposes