Stratospheric Ozone Depletion Uv B Radiation In The Biosphere
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Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere by R. Hilton Biggs,Margaret E.B. Joyner Pdf
Do changes in stratospheric ozone relate to changes in UV-B irradiance and do both relate to life on Earth? This volume presents the latest data available in the basic scientific disciplines associated with these questions. The key topics are the interactive factors between the various research elements and the measurements needed to both validate ozone depletion and monitor UV flux changes in the biosphere.
UV-B and Biosphere by Jelte Rozema,W.W.C. Gieskes,S.C. van de Geijn,C. Nolan,H. de Boois Pdf
Current phase-out schedules of the production and emission of CFC's indicate that chlorine loading in the stratosphere is not yet at its maximum. The recovery of stratospheric ozone is estimated to take time and ele vated levels of UV-B radiation are expected to occur throughout most of the next century. Despite numerous physiological studies of UV-B effects on plants, often grown in climate chambers, knowledge of UV-B effects on organisms and processes in natural aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems is poor. Currently it appears that UV-B radiation is not just an environmental stress' factor to plants. In various ways, which are incompletely understood, UV-B affects a wide range of physiological and ecological processes. Remarkably, recent field studies indicate that enhanced UV-B does not markedly affect photosynthesis, growth and primary production, but rather interferes with plant morphogenesis and plant and ecosystem functions relating to the secondary metabolism. This special issue and book UV-B and Biosphere is an attempt to cover this range and to report the progress made in the research of ecological effects of enhanced solar UV-B radiation. The papers in this book formed the basis of an international workshop entitled' UV-B and Biosphere' , December 15-18, 1995, in Wageningen, The Netherlands. A first reaction of Hans de Boois on the number of papers and sessions scheduled from Friday to Sunday morning was: far too many.
Author : R M Harrison,R E Hester Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry Page : 138 pages File Size : 53,6 Mb Release : 2007-10-31 Category : Science ISBN : 9781847550354
Causes and Environmental Implications of Increased UV-B Radiation by R M Harrison,R E Hester Pdf
Since the realisation that the ozone layer protecting the earth is suffering massive depletion, atmospheric science has been increasingly in the spotlight. It is recognised that we need to increase our knowledge and understanding of the likely impact that increases in UV-B radiation will have on life on earth. Charting research that encompasses the changing distribution of atmospheric ozone, changes in UV-B radiation and the consequent effects on photochemistry and biological systems in the aquatic and terrestrial environments, Causes and Environmental Implications of Increased UV-B Radiation draws together experts from the international community. Also included is a discussion of the emotive and highly topical subject of skin cancer as related to increased UV-B radiation. As an up-to-date and authoritative summary of the state of this highly complex science, this book will be welcomed by all practitioners and researchers in the field.
United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Subcommittee on the Upper Atmosphere
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Subcommittee on the Upper Atmosphere Publisher : Unknown Page : 600 pages File Size : 45,5 Mb Release : 1976 Category : Atmospheric ozone ISBN : STANFORD:36105045060600
Stratospheric Ozone Research and Effects by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Aeronautical and Space Sciences. Subcommittee on the Upper Atmosphere Pdf
Philippe G. Le Prestre,John D. Reid,E. Thomas Morehouse Jr.
Author : Philippe G. Le Prestre,John D. Reid,E. Thomas Morehouse Jr. Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media Page : 232 pages File Size : 40,5 Mb Release : 2012-12-06 Category : Science ISBN : 9781461555858
Protecting the Ozone Layer by Philippe G. Le Prestre,John D. Reid,E. Thomas Morehouse Jr. Pdf
Protecting the Ozone Layer: Lessons, Models, and Prospects Since the mid-1980s, the international community has adopted several significant instruments designed to reverse the degradation of the life support systems of the planet. None of these international agreements have been as successful as the 1987 Montreal Protocol in creating the incentives and mechanisms for protecting the ozone layer. Through the efforts of industry, government and public interest groups, national commitments and achievements have progressed further and faster than expected, while the list of controlled chemicals has expanded. Now in its second decade, the Protocol enters a crucial phase of its implementation. Protecting the Ozone Layer: Lessons, Models, and Prospects presents a wealth of information about the scientific, legal-political, and technological hurdles that we will have to overcome if humanity is to reverse its self-destructive course. The technology section in particular should appeal to industries affected by ozone layer protection as well as those affected by climate protection, since this is the first ozone publication featuring insights by the companies that spearheaded the major technological breakthroughs. Every initiative to improve the environmental performance of industry has been accompanied by pronouncements of economic devastation, from acid rain to auto emissions standards, from auto mileage improvements to the protection of the ozone layer. Each new initiative brought claims from industry that this situation was different, yet none of their predictions have come true. At a time when industry fights efforts to protect the environment, the ozone experience shows both how technical breakthroughs have enabled environmental protection policies to work in the past and how they will work again in the future. Protecting the Ozone Layer: Lessons, Models, and Prospects is the product of a Colloquium that was organized in September 1997 to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Montreal Protocol. Contributions have been gathered from researchers and practitioners in the field, including some of the very same scientists whose work awakened the international community to the seriousness of the danger that humanity now faces. Other contributors include the scholars and diplomats who wrote and negotiated the text of the Protocol and its amendments, and the key figures who have been influential in convincing industry to support the process.
This book underscores the re-emergence of the ozone hole problem and deals with it in its current context of exacerbating global warming. It traces the history of the ozone hole from the stage of formation of the stratospheric ozone ‘layer’, millions of years ago, into the late 20th century when the anthropogenic destruction of that ozone was discovered. The chapters are written to bring the the reader up to the present day. Factors that influence stratospheric ozone are discussed and the ways to halt ozone depletion are cataloged. And more complex interrelationships are being discovered between ozone depletion and two other global concerns: climate change and ocean acidification. This book sheds light on the intricacy of the situation and its portants. The book will be useful to students and researchers looking for a current overview of the ozone hole problem. div
Stratospheric Ozone Reduction, Solar Ultraviolet Radiation and Plant Life by Robert C. Worrest,Martyn M. Caldwell Pdf
Inadvertent alterations of the earth's atmosphere by man's activities are now of regional and even global proportion. Increasing concern has been focused in the last decade on consequences of acid rain, carbon dioxide enrichment of the atmosphere and reduction of ozone in the upper atmosphere. The latter two problems are of truly global scale. This book focuses on the atmospheric ozone reduction problem and the potential consequences for plant life. unlike carbon dioxide enrichment, reduction of the total atmospheric ozone column has not yet taken place to a noticeable degree -- it is a problem of the future. The processes leading to ozone reduction involve time periods on the scale of decades. However, by the same token, if society finds ozone reduction to be unacceptable it will take even longer for the process to be reversed. Thus, anticipation of the consequences of ozone reduction is of obvious importance. Speculation of the possibility of ozone reduction first appeared in the early 1970's and was focused on the consequences of the injection of large quantities of nitrogen oxides into the upper atmosphere by supersonic aircraft flying at high altitudes. Other sources of nitrogen oxides originating from the earth's surface were also considered. With further refinement, the concerns of nitrogen oxide pollution of the upper atmosphere were diminished since the quantities likely to be involved were insufficient to cause a serious threat to the ozone layer.
Environmental UV Photobiology by Lars Olof Björn,J. Moan,W. Nultsch,A.R. Young Pdf
In response to the overwhelming concern for possible acute and long-term effects of ozone depletion on terrestrial and aquatic life, this volume presents a comprehensive collection of review articles from an internationally acknowledged group of experts.