Straw Man Arguments

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Straw Man Arguments

Scott Aikin,John Casey
Straw Man Arguments Book PDF

Author : Scott Aikin,John Casey
Publisher : Bloomsbury Publishing
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2023-08-24
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781350284708

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Straw Man Arguments by Scott Aikin,John Casey Pdf

This book analyses the straw man fallacy and its deployment in philosophical reasoning. While commonly invoked in both academic dialogue and public discourse, it has not until now received the attention it deserves as a rhetorical device. Scott Aikin and John Casey propose that straw manning essentially consists in expressing distorted representations of one's critical interlocutor. To this end, the straw man comprises three dialectical forms, and not only the one that is usually suggested: the straw man, the weak man and the hollow man. Moreover, they demonstrate that straw manning is unique among fallacies as it has no particular logical form in itself, because it is an instance of inappropriate meta-argument, or argument about arguments. They discuss the importance of the onlooking audience to the successful deployment of the straw man, reasoning that the existence of an audience complicates the dialectical boundaries of argument. Providing a lively, provocative and thorough analysis of the straw man fallacy, this book will appeal to postgraduates and researchers alike, working in a range of fields including fallacies, rhetoric, argumentation theory and informal logic.

Interpreting Straw Man Argumentation

Fabrizio Macagno,Douglas Walton
Interpreting Straw Man Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Fabrizio Macagno,Douglas Walton
Publisher : Springer
Page : 203 pages
File Size : 43,5 Mb
Release : 2017-09-06
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319625454

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Interpreting Straw Man Argumentation by Fabrizio Macagno,Douglas Walton Pdf

This book shows how research in linguistic pragmatics, philosophy of language, and rhetoric can be connected through argumentation to analyze a recognizably common strategy used in political and everyday conversation, namely the distortion of another’s words in an argumentative exchange. Straw man argumentation refers to the modification of a position by misquoting, misreporting or wrenching the original speaker’s statements from their context in order to attack them more easily or more effectively. Through 63 examples taken from different contexts (including political and forensic discourses and dialogs) and 20 legal cases, the book analyzes the explicit and implicit types of straw man, shows how to assess the correctness of a quote or a report, and illustrates the arguments that can be used for supporting an interpretation and defending against a distortion. The tools of argumentation theory, a discipline aimed at investigating the uses of arguments by combining insights from pragmatics, logic, and communication, are applied to provide an original account of interpretation and reporting, and to describe and illustrate tactics and procedures that can be used and implemented for practical purposes.. This book will appeal to scholars in the fields of political communication, communication in general, argumentation theory, rhetoric and pragmatics, as well as to people working in public speech, speech writing, and discourse analysis.

Methods of Argumentation

Douglas Walton
Methods of Argumentation Book PDF

Author : Douglas Walton
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2013-08-26
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781107039308

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Methods of Argumentation by Douglas Walton Pdf

This book, written by a leading expert, and based on the latest research, shows how to apply methods of argumentation to a range of examples.

Bad Arguments

Robert Arp,Steven Barbone,Michael Bruce
Bad Arguments Book PDF

Author : Robert Arp,Steven Barbone,Michael Bruce
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2018-10-29
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781119167907

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Bad Arguments by Robert Arp,Steven Barbone,Michael Bruce Pdf

A timely and accessible guide to 100 of the most infamous logical fallacies in Western philosophy, helping readers avoid and detect false assumptions and faulty reasoning You’ll love this book or you’ll hate it. So, you’re either with us or against us. And if you’re against us then you hate books. No true intellectual would hate this book. Ever decide to avoid a restaurant because of one bad meal? Choose a product because a celebrity endorsed it? Or ignore what a politician says because she’s not a member of your party? For as long as people have been discussing, conversing, persuading, advocating, proselytizing, pontificating, or otherwise stating their case, their arguments have been vulnerable to false assumptions and faulty reasoning. Drawing upon a long history of logical falsehoods and philosophical flubs, Bad Arguments demonstrates how misguided arguments come to be, and what we can do to detect them in the rhetoric of others and avoid using them ourselves. Fallacies—or conclusions that don’t follow from their premise—are at the root of most bad arguments, but it can be easy to stumble into a fallacy without realizing it. In this clear and concise guide to good arguments gone bad, Robert Arp, Steven Barbone, and Michael Bruce take readers through 100 of the most infamous fallacies in Western philosophy, identifying the most common missteps, pitfalls, and dead-ends of arguments gone awry. Whether an instance of sunk costs, is ought, affirming the consequent, moving the goal post, begging the question, or the ever-popular slippery slope, each fallacy engages with examples drawn from contemporary politics, economics, media, and popular culture. Further diagrams and tables supplement entries and contextualize common errors in logical reasoning. At a time in our world when it is crucial to be able to identify and challenge rhetorical half-truths, this bookhelps readers to better understand flawed argumentation and develop logical literacy. Unrivaled in its breadth of coverage and a worthy companion to its sister volume Just the Arguments (2011), Bad Arguments is an essential tool for undergraduate students and general readers looking to hone their critical thinking and rhetorical skills.

Straw Man Arguments

Scott F. Aikin,John Casey
Straw Man Arguments Book PDF

Author : Scott F. Aikin,John Casey
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2022
Category : Electronic books
ISBN : 135006503X

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Straw Man Arguments by Scott F. Aikin,John Casey Pdf

Acknowledgements -- 1. -- Fallacy Theory and the Straw Man -- 2. -- Fallacy Names and the History of the 'Straw Man' -- 3. -- Straw Men, Weak Men, and Hollow Men -- 4. -- Straw Men and Iron Men -- 5. -- The Puzzle of Effectiveness -- 6. -- The Puzzles of Dialecticality and Meta-Argumentation -- 7. -- Consequences for Fallacy Theory -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index.

An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense (Bad Arguments)

Ali Almossawi
An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense Bad Arguments Book PDF

Author : Ali Almossawi
Publisher : The Experiment, LLC
Page : 66 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2014-09-23
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781615192267

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An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments: Learn the Lost Art of Making Sense (Bad Arguments) by Ali Almossawi Pdf

“This short book makes you smarter than 99% of the population. . . . The concepts within it will increase your company’s ‘organizational intelligence.’. . . It’s more than just a must-read, it’s a ‘have-to-read-or-you’re-fired’ book.”—Geoffrey James, INC.com From the author of An Illustrated Book of Loaded Language, here’s the antidote to fuzzy thinking, with furry animals! Have you read (or stumbled into) one too many irrational online debates? Ali Almossawi certainly had, so he wrote An Illustrated Book of Bad Arguments! This handy guide is here to bring the internet age a much-needed dose of old-school logic (really old-school, a la Aristotle). Here are cogent explanations of the straw man fallacy, the slippery slope argument, the ad hominem attack, and other common attempts at reasoning that actually fall short—plus a beautifully drawn menagerie of animals who (adorably) commit every logical faux pas. Rabbit thinks a strange light in the sky must be a UFO because no one can prove otherwise (the appeal to ignorance). And Lion doesn’t believe that gas emissions harm the planet because, if that were true, he wouldn’t like the result (the argument from consequences). Once you learn to recognize these abuses of reason, they start to crop up everywhere from congressional debate to YouTube comments—which makes this geek-chic book a must for anyone in the habit of holding opinions.

Logically Fallacious

Bo Bennett
Logically Fallacious Book PDF

Author : Bo Bennett
Publisher : eBookIt.com
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 50,9 Mb
Release : 2012-02-19
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781456607371

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Logically Fallacious by Bo Bennett Pdf

This book is a crash course in effective reasoning, meant to catapult you into a world where you start to see things how they really are, not how you think they are. The focus of this book is on logical fallacies, which loosely defined, are simply errors in reasoning. With the reading of each page, you can make significant improvements in the way you reason and make decisions. Logically Fallacious is one of the most comprehensive collections of logical fallacies with all original examples and easy to understand descriptions, perfect for educators, debaters, or anyone who wants to improve his or her reasoning skills. "Expose an irrational belief, keep a person rational for a day. Expose irrational thinking, keep a person rational for a lifetime." - Bo Bennett This 2021 Edition includes dozens of more logical fallacies with many updated examples.

Fallacies and Argument Appraisal

Christopher W. Tindale
Fallacies and Argument Appraisal Book PDF

Author : Christopher W. Tindale
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 19 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2007-01-22
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781139461849

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Fallacies and Argument Appraisal by Christopher W. Tindale Pdf

Fallacies and Argument Appraisal presents an introduction to the nature, identification, and causes of fallacious reasoning, along with key questions for evaluation. Drawing from the latest work on fallacies as well as some of the standard ideas that have remained relevant since Aristotle, Christopher Tindale investigates central cases of major fallacies in order to understand what has gone wrong and how this has occurred. Dispensing with the approach that simply assigns labels and brief descriptions of fallacies, Tindale provides fuller treatments that recognize the dialectical and rhetorical contexts in which fallacies arise. This volume analyzes major fallacies through accessible, everyday examples. Critical questions are developed for each fallacy to help the student identify them and provide considered evaluations.

The Straw Man Fallacy

Stanley G. Robertson
The Straw Man Fallacy Book PDF

Author : Stanley G. Robertson
Publisher : Xlibris Corporation
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 2008-06-01
Category : Literary Criticism
ISBN : 1436324637

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The Straw Man Fallacy by Stanley G. Robertson Pdf

Nearly four years after Bill Cosby's infamous Board of Education speech, it still touches a nerve; and rightfully so, because the issues facing the Black community are complex and numerous. Many authors have analyzed the speech; including Michael Eric Dyson in his book Is Bill Cosby Right? Or Has The Black Middle Class Lost It's Mind? In his book, Dyson states that he wants to "unpack those issues with the clarity and complexity they demand." But his attempt at clarity is as clear as mud. When it comes to logic, Dyson's arguments are riddled with problems. The Straw Man Fallacy is a literary critique that analyzes and exposes the faulty logic of Is Bill Cosby Right?

Argumentation and Language — Linguistic, Cognitive and Discursive Explorations

Steve Oswald,Thierry Herman,Jérôme Jacquin
Argumentation and Language Linguistic Cognitive and Discursive Explorations Book PDF

Author : Steve Oswald,Thierry Herman,Jérôme Jacquin
Publisher : Springer
Page : 290 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2018-03-08
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 9783319739724

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Argumentation and Language — Linguistic, Cognitive and Discursive Explorations by Steve Oswald,Thierry Herman,Jérôme Jacquin Pdf

This volume focuses on the role language plays at all levels of the argumentation process. It explores the effects that specific linguistic choices may have in the production and the reception of arguments and in doing so, it moves beyond the first, necessary, descriptive stance provided by current literature on the topic. Each chapter provides an original take illuminating one or more of the following three issues: the range of linguistic resources language users draw on as they argue; how cognitive processes of meaning construction may influence argumentative practices; and which discursive devices can be used to fulfil a number of argumentative goals. The volume includes theoretical and empirical or applied stances, providing the reader both with state-of-the-art reflections on the relationship between argumentation and language, and with concrete examples of how this relationship plays out in naturally occurring argumentative practices, such as classroom interaction, and political, parliamentary or journalistic discourse. This is a very original, timely and welcome contribution to the study of argumentation conducted with the tools of the language sciences. The collection of papers relevantly tackles key linguistic, discursive and cognitive aspects of argumentative practices whose treatment is underrepresented in mainstream argumentation studies by offering new and exciting linguistically-grounded theoretical accounts. As such, the volume testifies both to the vigour of the linguistic current within the discipline and to the high standards of scholarly commitment and quality that the younger generation is pushing forward. Without question, this book marks an important milestone in the relationships between linguistics and argumentation theory. Christian Plantin, Professor Emeritus

Nonsense

Robert Gula
Nonsense Book PDF

Author : Robert Gula
Publisher : Axios Press
Page : 262 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9780975366264

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Nonsense by Robert Gula Pdf

Nonsense is the best compilation and study of verbal logical fallacies available anywhere. It is a handbook of the myriad ways we go about being illogical--how we deceive others and ourselves, how we think and argue in ways that are disorderly, disorganized, or irrelevant. Nonsense is also a short course in nonmathematical logical thinking, especially important for students of philosophy and economics. A book of remarkable scholarship, Nonsense is unexpectedly relaxed, informal, and accessible.

A Manual for Creating Atheists

Peter Boghossian
A Manual for Creating Atheists Book PDF

Author : Peter Boghossian
Publisher : Pitchstone Publishing (US&CA)
Page : 267 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2014-07-01
Category : Philosophy
ISBN : 9781939578150

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A Manual for Creating Atheists by Peter Boghossian Pdf

For thousands of years, the faithful have honed proselytizing strategies and talked people into believing the truth of one holy book or another. Indeed, the faithful often view converting others as an obligation of their faith—and are trained from an early age to spread their unique brand of religion. The result is a world broken in large part by unquestioned faith. As an urgently needed counter to this tried-and-true tradition of religious evangelism, A Manual for Creating Atheists offers the first-ever guide not for talking people into faith—but for talking them out of it. Peter Boghossian draws on the tools he has developed and used for more than 20 years as a philosopher and educator to teach how to engage the faithful in conversations that will help them value reason and rationality, cast doubt on their religious beliefs, mistrust their faith, abandon superstition and irrationality, and ultimately embrace reason.

A Natural History of Rape

Randy Thornhill,Craig T. Palmer
A Natural History of Rape Book PDF

Author : Randy Thornhill,Craig T. Palmer
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 274 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2001-02-23
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0262700832

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A Natural History of Rape by Randy Thornhill,Craig T. Palmer Pdf

A biologist and an anthropologist use evolutionary biology to explain the causes and inform the prevention of rape. In this controversial book, Randy Thornhill and Craig Palmer use evolutionary biology to explain the causes of rape and to recommend new approaches to its prevention. According to Thornhill and Palmer, evolved adaptation of some sort gives rise to rape; the main evolutionary question is whether rape is an adaptation itself or a by-product of other adaptations. Regardless of the answer, Thornhill and Palmer note, rape circumvents a central feature of women's reproductive strategy: mate choice. This is a primary reason why rape is devastating to its victims, especially young women. Thornhill and Palmer address, and claim to demolish scientifically, many myths about rape bred by social science theory over the past twenty-five years. The popular contention that rapists are not motivated by sexual desire is, they argue, scientifically inaccurate. Although they argue that rape is biological, Thornhill and Palmer do not view it as inevitable. Their recommendations for rape prevention include teaching young males not to rape, punishing rape more severely, and studying the effectiveness of "chemical castration." They also recommend that young women consider the biological causes of rape when making decisions about dress, appearance, and social activities. Rape could cease to exist, they argue, only in a society knowledgeable about its evolutionary causes. The book includes a useful summary of evolutionary theory and a comparison of evolutionary biology's and social science's explanations of human behavior. The authors argue for the greater explanatory power and practical usefulness of evolutionary biology. The book is sure to stir up discussion both on the specific topic of rape and on the larger issues of how we understand and influence human behavior.

unSpun

Brooks Jackson,Kathleen Hall Jamieson
unSpun Book PDF

Author : Brooks Jackson,Kathleen Hall Jamieson
Publisher : Random House
Page : 210 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 2007-04-24
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781588365828

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unSpun by Brooks Jackson,Kathleen Hall Jamieson Pdf

The founders of FactCheck.org teach you how to identify and debunk spin, hype, and fake news in this essential guide to informed citizenship in an age of misinformation. Americans are bombarded daily with mixed messages, half-truths, misleading statements, and out-and-out fabrications masquerading as facts. The news media is often too intimidated, too partisan, or too overworked to keep up with these deceptions. unSpun is the secret decoder ring for the twenty-first-century world of disinformation. Written by Brooks Jackson and Kathleen Hall Jamieson, the founders of the acclaimed website FactCheck.org,unSpun reveals the secrets of separating facts from disinformation, such as: • the warning signs of spin • common tricks used to deceive the public • how to find trustworthy and objective sources of information Telling fact from fiction shouldn’t be a difficult task. With this book and a healthy dose of skepticism, anyone can cut through the haze of political deception and biased eportage to become a savvier, more responsible citizen. Praise for unSpun “Read this book and you will not go unarmed into the political wars ahead of us. Jackson and Jamieson equip us to be our own truth squad, and that just might be the salvation of democracy.” —Bill Moyers “The definitive B.S. detector—an absolutely invaluable guidebook.”—Mark Shields, syndicated columnist and political analyst, NewsHour with Jim Lehrer “unSpun is an essential guide to cutting through the political fog.”—Mara Liasson, NPR national political correspondent “The Internet may be a wildly effective means of communication and an invaluable source of knowledge, but it has also become a new virtual haven for scammers–financial, political, even personal. Better than anything written before, unSpun shows us how to recognize these scams and protect ourselves from them.”—Craig Newmark, founder and customer service representative, Craigslist

Acts of Arguing

Christopher W. Tindale
Acts of Arguing Book PDF

Author : Christopher W. Tindale
Publisher : SUNY Press
Page : 268 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 1999-11-04
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : 0791443876

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Acts of Arguing by Christopher W. Tindale Pdf

Approaches recent innovations in argumentation theory from a primarily rhetorical perspective.