Structure And Function Of The Bacterial Genome

Author : Charles J. Dorman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2020-04-28
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119308799

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Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome by Charles J. Dorman Pdf

Presents an integrated view of the expression of bacterial genetic information, genome architecture and function, and bacterial physiology and pathogenesis This book blends information from the very latest research on bacterial chromosome and nucleoid architecture, whole-genome analysis, cell signaling, and gene expression control with well-known gene regulation paradigms from model organisms (including pathogens) to give readers a picture of how information flows from the environment to the gene, modulating its expression and influencing the competitive fitness of the microbe. Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome explores the governance of the expression of the genes that make a bacterium what it is, and updates the basics of gene expression control with information about transcription promoter structure and function, the role of DNA as a regulatory factor (in addition to its role as a carrier of genetic information), small RNAs, RNAs that sense chemical signals, ribosomes and translation, posttranslational modification of proteins, and protein secretion. It looks at the forces driving the conservation and the evolution of the dynamic genome and offers chapters that cover DNA replication, DNA repair, plasmid biology, recombination, transposition, the roles of repetitive DNA sequences, horizontal gene transfer, the defense of the genome by CRISPR-Cas, restriction enzymes, Argonaute proteins and BREX systems. The book finishes with a chapter that gives an integrated overview of genome structure and function. Blends knowledge of gene regulatory mechanisms with a consideration of nucleoid structure and dynamics Offers a 'DNA-centric' approach to considering transcription control Views horizontal gene transfer from a gene regulation perspective Assesses the opportunities and limitations of designing synthetic microbes or rewiring existing ones Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome is an ideal book for graduate and undergraduate students studying microbial cell biology, bacterial pathogenesis, gene regulation, and molecular microbiology. It will also appeal to principal investigators conducting research on these and related topics and researchers in synthetic biology and other arms of biotechnology.

Author : Charles J. Dorman
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 545 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2020-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781119309680

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Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome by Charles J. Dorman Pdf

Presents an integrated view of the expression of bacterial genetic information, genome architecture and function, and bacterial physiology and pathogenesis This book blends information from the very latest research on bacterial chromosome and nucleoid architecture, whole-genome analysis, cell signaling, and gene expression control with well-known gene regulation paradigms from model organisms (including pathogens) to give readers a picture of how information flows from the environment to the gene, modulating its expression and influencing the competitive fitness of the microbe. Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome explores the governance of the expression of the genes that make a bacterium what it is, and updates the basics of gene expression control with information about transcription promoter structure and function, the role of DNA as a regulatory factor (in addition to its role as a carrier of genetic information), small RNAs, RNAs that sense chemical signals, ribosomes and translation, posttranslational modification of proteins, and protein secretion. It looks at the forces driving the conservation and the evolution of the dynamic genome and offers chapters that cover DNA replication, DNA repair, plasmid biology, recombination, transposition, the roles of repetitive DNA sequences, horizontal gene transfer, the defense of the genome by CRISPR-Cas, restriction enzymes, Argonaute proteins and BREX systems. The book finishes with a chapter that gives an integrated overview of genome structure and function. Blends knowledge of gene regulatory mechanisms with a consideration of nucleoid structure and dynamics Offers a 'DNA-centric' approach to considering transcription control Views horizontal gene transfer from a gene regulation perspective Assesses the opportunities and limitations of designing synthetic microbes or rewiring existing ones Structure and Function of the Bacterial Genome is an ideal book for graduate and undergraduate students studying microbial cell biology, bacterial pathogenesis, gene regulation, and molecular microbiology. It will also appeal to principal investigators conducting research on these and related topics and researchers in synthetic biology and other arms of biotechnology.

Author : F.J. de Bruijn,James R. Lupski,G.M. Weinstock
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 786 pages
File Size : 55,6 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781461563693

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Bacterial Genomes by F.J. de Bruijn,James R. Lupski,G.M. Weinstock Pdf

A wide range of microbiologists, molecular biologists, and molecular evolutionary biologists will find this new volume of singular interest. It summarizes the present knowledge about the structure and stability of microbial genomes, and reviews the techniques used to analyze and fingerprint them. Maps of approximately thirty important microbes, along with articles on the construction and relevant features of the maps are included. The volume is not intended as a complete compendium of all information on microbial genomes, but rather focuses on approaches, methods and good examples of the analysis of small genomes.

Author : Wolfgang Schumann
Publisher : John Wiley & Sons
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2006-08-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783527608430

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Dynamics of the Bacterial Chromosome by Wolfgang Schumann Pdf

This book provides an unique overview on bacterial genetics, bacterial genome projects and gene technology and its applicaitons in biological and biomedical research and medicine. The author guides the reader up the front in research within the different fields of bacterial genetics, based mainly on results received with Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis.

Author : Bruce Alberts
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Cytology
ISBN : 0815332181

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Molecular Biology of The Cell by Bruce Alberts Pdf

Author : Peter Mullany
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 454 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2010-02-04
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781139445504

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The Dynamic Bacterial Genome by Peter Mullany Pdf

The genetic information contained in DNA is not static, especially in bacterial DNA. It is capable of recombining with other DNA sequences and transferring to other bacteria. These processes allow bacteria to rapidly respond to their environment and are also important in production of disease and the spread of antibiotic resistance. This book is concerned with the mechanisms underlying these dynamic processes in bacterial DNA.

Author : Ricky V.L Chan,Philip M. Sherman,Billy Bourke
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 270 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-11-06
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781597451529

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Bacterial Genomes and Infectious Diseases by Ricky V.L Chan,Philip M. Sherman,Billy Bourke Pdf

The first bacterial genome, Haemophilus influenzae, was completely sequenced, annotated, and published in 1995. Today, more than 200 prokaryotic (archaeal and bacterial) genomes have been completed and over 500 prokaryotic genomes are in va- ous stages of completion. Seventeen eukaryotic genomes plus four eukaryotic chro- somes have been completed. The concept of achieving better understanding of an organism through knowledge of the complete genomic sequence was first demonstrated in 1978 when the first bacteriophage genome, X174, was sequenced. Complete genomic sequences of prokaryotes have led to a better understanding of the biology and evolution of the microbes, and, for pathogens, facilitated identification of new vaccine candidates, putative virulence genes, targets for antibiotics, new strategy for rapid diagnosis, and investigation of bacteria–host interactions and disease mec- nisms. Recent increased interest in microbial pathogens and infectious diseases is largely attributed to the re-emergence of infectious diseases like tuberculosis, emergence of new infectious diseases like AIDS and severe acute respiratory syndrome, the problem of an increasing rate of emergence of antibiotic-resistant variants of pathogens, and the fear of bioterrorism. Microbes are highly diverse and abundant in the biosphere. Less than 1% of these morphologically identified microbes can be cultured in vitro using standard techniques and conditions. With such abundance of microbes in nature, we can expect to see new variants and new species evolve and a small number will emerge as pathogens to humans.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 1988-01-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309038409

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Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Life Sciences,Committee on Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome Pdf

There is growing enthusiasm in the scientific community about the prospect of mapping and sequencing the human genome, a monumental project that will have far-reaching consequences for medicine, biology, technology, and other fields. But how will such an effort be organized and funded? How will we develop the new technologies that are needed? What new legal, social, and ethical questions will be raised? Mapping and Sequencing the Human Genome is a blueprint for this proposed project. The authors offer a highly readable explanation of the technical aspects of genetic mapping and sequencing, and they recommend specific interim and long-range research goals, organizational strategies, and funding levels. They also outline some of the legal and social questions that might arise and urge their early consideration by policymakers.

Author : Hervé Tettelin,Duccio Medini
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 311 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2020-04-30
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030382810

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The Pangenome by Hervé Tettelin,Duccio Medini Pdf

This open access book offers the first comprehensive account of the pan-genome concept and its manifold implications. The realization that the genetic repertoire of a biological species always encompasses more than the genome of each individual is one of the earliest examples of big data in biology that opened biology to the unbounded. The study of genetic variation observed within a species challenges existing views and has profound consequences for our understanding of the fundamental mechanisms underpinning bacterial biology and evolution. The underlying rationale extends well beyond the initial prokaryotic focus to all kingdoms of life and evolves into similar concepts for metagenomes, phenomes and epigenomes. The book’s respective chapters address a range of topics, from the serendipitous emergence of the pan-genome concept and its impacts on the fields of microbiology, vaccinology and antimicrobial resistance, to the study of microbial communities, bioinformatic applications and mathematical models that tie in with complex systems and economic theory. Given its scope, the book will appeal to a broad readership interested in population dynamics, evolutionary biology and genomics.

Author : Remus T. Dame,Charles J. Dorman
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 447 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2009-12-24
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789048134731

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Bacterial Chromatin by Remus T. Dame,Charles J. Dorman Pdf

The birth and the development of molecular biology and, subsequently, of genetic engineering and biotechnology cannot be separated from the advancements in our knowledge of the genetics, biochemistry and physiology of bacteria and bacter- phages. Also most of the tools employed nowadays by biotechnologists are of bacterial (or bacteriophage) origin and the playground for most of the DNA manipulations still remains within bacteria. The relative simplicity of the bacterial cell, the short gene- tion times, the well defined and inexpensive culturing conditions which characterize bacteria and the auto-catalytic process whereby a wealth of in-depth information has been accumulated throughout the years have significantly contributed to generate a large number of knowledge-based, reliable and exploitable biological systems. The subtle relationships between phages and their hosts have produced a large amount of information and allowed the identification and characterization of a number of components which play essential roles in fundamental biological p- cesses such as DNA duplication, recombination, transcription and translation. For instance, to remain within the topic of this book, two important players in the or- nization of the nucleoid, FIS and IHF, have been discovered in this way. Indeed, it is difficult to find a single fundamental biological process whose structural and functional aspects are better known than in bacteria.

Author : David Wayne Ussery,Trudy M. Wassenaar,Stefano Borini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 272 pages
File Size : 43,8 Mb
Release : 2009-02-26
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781848002548

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Computing for Comparative Microbial Genomics by David Wayne Ussery,Trudy M. Wassenaar,Stefano Borini Pdf

Overview and Goals This book describes how to visualize and compare bacterial genomes. Sequencing technologies are becoming so inexpensive that soon going for a cup of coffee will be more expensive than sequencing a bacterial genome. Thus, there is a very real and pressing need for high-throughput computational methods to compare hundreds and thousands of bacterial genomes. It is a long road from molecular biology to systems biology, and in a sense this text can be thought of as a path bridging these ? elds. The goal of this book is to p- vide a coherent set of tools and a methodological framework for starting with raw DNA sequences and producing fully annotated genome sequences, and then using these to build up and test models about groups of interacting organisms within an environment or ecological niche. Organization and Features The text is divided into four main parts: Introduction, Comparative Genomics, Transcriptomics and Proteomics, and ? nally Microbial Communities. The ? rst ? ve chapters are introductions of various sorts. Each of these chapters represents an introduction to a speci? c scienti? c ? eld, to bring all readers up to the same basic level before proceeding on to the methods of comparing genomes. First, a brief overview of molecular biology and of the concept of sequences as biological inf- mation are given.

Author : Nina Parker,OpenStax,Mark Schneegurt,AnhHue Thi Tu,Brian M. Forster,Philip Lister
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 1301 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2016-05-30
Category : Microbiology
ISBN : 1938168143

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Microbiology by Nina Parker,OpenStax,Mark Schneegurt,AnhHue Thi Tu,Brian M. Forster,Philip Lister Pdf

"Microbiology covers the scope and sequence requirements for a single-semester microbiology course for non-majors. The book presents the core concepts of microbiology with a focus on applications for careers in allied health. The pedagogical features of the text make the material interesting and accessible while maintaining the career-application focus and scientific rigor inherent in the subject matter. Microbiology's art program enhances students' understanding of concepts through clear and effective illustrations, diagrams, and photographs. Microbiology is produced through a collaborative publishing agreement between OpenStax and the American Society for Microbiology Press. The book aligns with the curriculum guidelines of the American Society for Microbiology."--BC Campus website.

Author : Feng Gao
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2016-03-11
Category : Electronic book
ISBN : 9782889197798

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DNA Replication Origins in Microbial Genomes by Feng Gao Pdf

DNA replication, a central event for cell proliferation, is the basis of biological inheritance. Complete and accurate DNA replication is integral to the maintenance of the genetic integrity of organisms. In all three domains of life, DNA replication begins at replication origins. In bacteria, replication typically initiates from a single replication origin (oriC), which contains several DnaA boxes and the AT-rich DNA unwinding element (DUE). In eukaryotic genomes, replication initiates from significantly more replication origins, activated simultaneously at a specific time. For eukaryotic organisms, replication origins are best characterized in the unicellular eukaryote budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe. The budding yeast origins contain an essential sequence element called the ARS (autonomously replicating sequence), while the fission yeast origins consist of AT-rich sequences. Within the archaeal domain, the multiple replication origins have been identified by a predict-and-verify approach in the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus. The basic structure of replication origins is conserved among archaea, typically including an AT-rich unwinding region flanked by several short repetitive DNA sequences, known as origin recognition boxes (ORBs). It appears that archaea have a simplified version of the eukaryotic replication apparatus, which has led to considerable interest in the archaeal machinery as a model of that in eukaryotes. The research on replication origins is important not only in providing insights into the structure and function of the replication origins but also in understanding the regulatory mechanisms of the initiation step in DNA replication. Therefore, intensive studies have been carried out in the last two decades. The pioneer work to identify bacterial oriCs in silico is the GC-skew analysis. Later, a method of cumulative GC skew without sliding windows was proposed to give better resolution. Meanwhile, an oligomer-skew method was also proposed to predict oriC regions in bacterial genomes. As a unique representation of a DNA sequence, the Z-curve method has been proved to be an accurate and effective approach to predict bacterial and archaeal replication origins. Budding yeast origins have been predicted by Oriscan using similarity to the characterized ones, while the fission yeast origins have been identified initially from AT content calculation. In comparison with the in silico analysis, the experimental methods are time-consuming and labor-intensive, but convincing and reliable. To identify microbial replication origins in vivo or in vitro, a number of experimental methods have been used including construction of replicative oriC plasmids, microarray-based or high-throughput sequencing-based marker frequency analysis, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis analysis and replication initiation point mapping (RIP mapping). The recent genome-wide approaches to identify and characterize replication origin locations have boosted the number of mapped yeast replication origins. In addition, the availability of increasing complete microbial genomes and emerging approaches has created challenges and opportunities for identification of their replication origins in silico, as well as in vivo and in vitro. The Frontiers in Microbiology Research Topic on DNA replication origins in microbial genomes is devoted to address the issues mentioned above, and aims to provide a comprehensive overview of current research in this field.

Author : C. Nicolini
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 340 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401155502

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Genome Structure and Function by C. Nicolini Pdf

Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Study Institute on Genome Structure and Function, held in Marciana Marina, Elba, Italy, 13-23 June 1996

Author : Society for General Microbiology. Symposium
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 476 pages
File Size : 53,8 Mb
Release : 1992-02-20
Category : Science
ISBN : 0521415705

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Prokaryotic Structure and Function by Society for General Microbiology. Symposium Pdf

This book evaluates the increasing wealth of knowledge that has accumulated concerning the regulation of synthesis and assembly of structural components of the bacterial cell. It is now possible in many cases to trace the exact sequence of events triggered by a change in the physical or chemical environment of a bacterial cell, for instance, signaling, gene expression, transport of the gene product to its correct location, and assembly into a functional structure. The scope of this volume is broad, ranging from the organization of the nuclear material itself to the sequence of events leading to differentiation and development; from the synthesis of intracellular storage material to the assembly of specialized photosynthetic membranes, periplasmic electron transfer chains, and heat-resistant spores.