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Sustainable Use of Soils and Water by Fernando António Leal Pacheco Pdf
This book on the sustainable use of soils and water addressed a variety of issues related to the utopian desire for environmental sustainability and the deviations from this scene observed in the real world. Competing interests for land are frequently a factor in land degradation, especially where the adopted land uses do not conform with the land capability (the natural use of soil). The concerns of researchers about these matters are presented in the articles comprising this Special Issue book. Various approaches were used to assess the (im)balance between economic profit and environmental conservation in various regions, in addition to potential routes to bring landscapes back to a sustainable status being disclosed.
Sustainable Use of Soils and Water: The Role of Environmental Land Use Conflicts by Fernando A.L. Pacheco Pdf
This book on the sustainable use of soils and water addressed a variety of issues related to the utopian desire for environmental sustainability and the deviations from this scene observed in the real world. Competing interests for land are frequently a factor in land degradation, especially where the adopted land uses do not conform with the land capability (the natural use of soil). The concerns of researchers about these matters are presented in the articles comprising this Special Issue book. Various approaches were used to assess the (im)balance between economic profit and environmental conservation in various regions, in addition to potential routes to bring landscapes back to a sustainable status being disclosed.
Sustainable Water and Soil Management by Sabine Kunst,Tanja Kruse,Andrea Burmester Pdf
This book offers an overview on the perspectives of countries in which the question of water resources will be one of the most explosive topics in the next decades. Focal points include: technical and social aspects of water management, wastewater treatment, water distribution, and health and sanitation. Moreover, possible solutions for problems of wastewater treatment in rural areas are demonstrated, exemplary strategies to harvest rainwater are explained, a river development plan is presented and sustainable landuse is defined.
Assessment and Governance of Sustainable Soil Management by Katharina Helming,Thomas Koellner,Katrin Daedlow,Bernd Hansjürgens Pdf
The role of soils for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals is multifarious. Soils are the essential basis for food and biomass provision in support of food security (SDG 2) and energy security (SDG 7). Soil carbon sequestration is paramount for climate action (SDG 13). Soil-mediated water purification and retention, nutrient and matter cycling, and soils habitat functions are essential for maintaining ecosystem services and biodiversity (SDG 15). Healthy soils perform well in all these functions simultaneously. However, the globally increasing demand for food, fiber, and bio-based products poses massive challenges to soil health. Minimizing trade-offs between biomass production and soil health requires systemic approaches to assessment and governance of sustainable soil management in agriculture and food systems. It provides interdisciplinary insights into key questions: What are the impacts of agricultural management practices on sustainability targets in specific geophysical and socio-economic contexts? What are the opportunities and risks of future trends such as climate change, digitalization, and emerging technologies for soil management and soil health? How can institutions and governance instruments be improved to enable decision makers to take action on sustainable soil management? The book was initiated in the frame of the National German research program ‘BonaRes—Soil as a sustainable resource for the bioeconomy’, and it is meant to trigger interdisciplinary thinking.
Legal and Institutional Frameworks for Sustainable Soils by Ian Hannam,Ben Boer Pdf
The 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development placed a responsibility on States to protect the local, regional and global environment, especially problems shared by the whole community such as soil degradation. The knowledge of the severe degradation situation of the world's soils and of the poor state of the soil legislation led the IUCN to pass a Soil Resolution at its World Congress in October 2000 for the IUCN Environmental Law Program to develop legal guidelines, explanatory material and investigate a global legal instrument for the sustainable use of soils, while paying particular attention to the ecological needs of soil and their ecological functions for the conservation of biodiversity and the maintenance of human life. This book discusses an ecological-based rationale for new international, national and regional legislation and institutional frameworks for sustainable soil, and a basis for the preparation of the instruments.
Principles of Sustainable Soil Management in Agroecosystems by Rattan Lal,B.A. Stewart Pdf
With the use of high-level soil management technology, Africa could feed several billion people, yet food production has generally stagnated since the 1960s. No matter how powerful the seed technology, the seedling emerging from it can flourish only in a healthy soil. Accordingly, crop yields in Africa, South Asia, and the Caribbean could be doubled or tripled through adoption of technologies based on laws of sustainable soil management. Principles of Sustainable Soil Management in Agroecosystems describes the application of these laws to enhance ecosystem services while restoring degraded soils and promoting sustainable use. With chapters contributed by world-class soil scientists, ecologists, and social scientists, this book outlines critical changes in management of agricultural soils necessary to achieve food security and meet the food demands of the present and projected future population. These changes include conversion to no-till and conservation agriculture; adoption of strategies of integrated nutrient management, water harvesting, and use of drip sub-irrigation; complex cropping/farming systems such as cover cropping and agroforestry; and use of nano-enhanced fertilizers. The book is based on the premise that it is not possible to extract more from a soil than what is put into it without degrading its quality. The strategy is to replace what is removed, respond wisely to what is changed, and be pro-active to what may happen because of natural and anthropogenic perturbations. The chapters, which exemplify these ideas, cover a range of topics including organic farming, soil fertility, crop-symbiotic soil microbiota, human-driven soil degradation, soil degradation and restoration, carbon sink capacity of soils, soil renewal and sustainability, and the marginality principle.
National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Office of International Affairs,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on International Soil and Water Research and Development
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Office of International Affairs,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on International Soil and Water Research and Development Publisher : National Academies Press Page : 76 pages File Size : 53,9 Mb Release : 1991-02-01 Category : Technology & Engineering ISBN : 9780309046411
Toward Sustainability by National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,Office of International Affairs,Board on Science and Technology for International Development,Commission on Engineering and Technical Systems,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee on International Soil and Water Research and Development Pdf
How can high-growth areas such as Africa, Asia, and Latin America sustain agricultural production for current and future generations? Toward Sustainability explores research priorities to support sustainable agriculture. The book identifies six areas that could offer great rewards: addressing institutional constraints on resource conservation, enhancing soil biological processes, managing soil properties, improving water resource management, matching crops to environments, and effectively incorporating social and cultural dimensions into research. Also highlighted is the importance of developing collaborative, integrated research strategies and flexible mechanisms to periodically evaluate and reassess research priorities.
Biological Approaches to Sustainable Soil Systems by Norman Uphoff,Andrew S. Ball,Erick Fernandes,Hans Herren,Olivier Husson,Mark Laing,Cheryl Palm,Jules Pretty,Pedro Sanchez,Nteranya Sanginga,Janice Thies Pdf
Global agriculture is now at the crossroads. The Green Revolution of the last century is losing momentum. Rates of growth in food production are now declining, with land and water resources becoming scarcer, while world population continues to grow. We need to continue to identify and share the knowledge that will support successful and sustainable agriculture systems. These depend crucially on soil. Gaining international attention, Dr. Uphoff’s efforts to promote and develop sustainable agriculture was recently featured in the N.Y. Times Led by Norman Uphoff, internationally renowned for his proactive approach to world hunger, this volume brings together 102 experts representing 28 nations and multiple disciplines to report on achievements in sustainable soil-system management. While accepting some continuing role for chemical and other external inputs, this book presents ways in which crops can be produced cost effectively in greater abundance with lessened dependence on the exogenous resources that have driven the expansion of agriculture in the past. Including the work of both researchers and practitioners, this important volume — · Explores soil systems in a variety of climate conditions · Discusses the importance of symbiotic relationships between plants and soil organisms, looking at crops as integral and interdependent participants in ecosystems · Seeks to reduce the distance between scientific research and technical practice · Examines related considerations such as pest and disease control, climate change, fertility restoration, and uses of monitoring and modeling With 50 self-contained chapters, this work provides researchers, practitioners, and policy makers with a comprehensive understanding of the science and steps needed to utilize soil systems for the long-term benefit of humankind. For information on the SRI, System of Rice Intensification being developed by Uphoff and others, go to http://ciifad.cornell.edu/sri/
Soils in the Nexus by Alexander Müller,Charlotte Beckh,Klaus Töpfer Pdf
Soils are crucial if we are to ensure water, energy and food security for nine billion people by 2050. Soils sustain biodiversity and - if managed wisely - contribute to the mitigation of climate change. At the same time, they are a non-renewable resource within human timeframes. Nevertheless, we continuously transform this resource in unsustainable ways. This manifests itself in the loss of approximately 24 billion tonnes of fertile soil each year due to erosion. Insecurity or loss of land rights among local populations is a further expression of often unsustainable development pathways. To overcome these challenges, we need to consider soils in an integrated and holistic manner: in the nexus. This book presents transdisciplinary perspectives and potential responses to soil-related challenges to sustainable development. In view of the International Year of Soils 2015, it provides insights into promising pathways towards the sustainable governance of soil and land.
Changing land-use practices and the role of soil biological diversity has been a major focus of soil science research over the past couple of decades—a trend that is likely to continue. The information presented in this book points to a holistic approach to soil management. The first part looks at the land use effects on soil carbon storage, and considers a range of factors including carbon sequestration in soils. The second part of the book presents research investigating the interactions between soil properties, plant species, and the soil biota.
Recarbonizing global soils – A technical manual of recommended management practices by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations,Intergonevernmental Technical Panel on Soils Pdf
During the last decades, soil organic carbon (SOC) attracted the attention of a much wider array of specialists beyond agriculture and soil science, as it was proven to be one of the most crucial components of the earth’s climate system, which has a great potential to be managed by humans. Soils as a carbon pool are one of the key factors in several Sustainable Development Goals, in particular Goal 15, “Protect, restore and promote sustainable use of terrestrial ecosystems, sustainably manage forests, combat desertification and halt and reverse land degradation and halt biodiversity loss” with the SOC stock being explicitly cited in Indicator 15.3.1. This technical manual is the first attempt to gather, in a standardized format, the existing data on the impacts of the main soil management practices on SOC content in a wide array of environments, including the advantages, drawbacks and constraints. This manual presents different sustainable soil management (SSM) practices at different scales and in different contexts, supported by case studies that have been shown with quantitative data to have a positive effect on SOC stocks and successful experiences of SOC sequestration in practical field applications. Volume 4 includes 51 case studies dealing with cropland, grassland, integrated systems and farming approaches.
