Tariff Structure Intermediate Goods And China U S Trade Friction

Author : Haichao Fan
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 129 pages
File Size : 47,6 Mb
Release : 2021-03-29
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781000359138

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Tariff Structure, Intermediate Goods, and China–U.S. Trade Friction by Haichao Fan Pdf

Focusing on the interconnection of tariff structure, international trade and welfare evaluation, the book investigates the characteristics of tariff structures of China and the U.S. in recent years and measures the impact of the Sino–U.S. trade friction that started in 2018. The first part of the book discusses levels and evolution trends of tariff systems of China and the U.S. from 2000 to 2014 and makes a comparison between the two countries' tariff structures. The second part centers on the Sino–U.S. trade friction in 2018, analyzing its development, overall impact on welfare, and relevant impact mechanisms. The author draws on the quantitative analysis method currently prevailing in the field of international trade, taking global value chains, intermediate goods, and variable markup into consideration. In contrast to the research conclusion applying standard trade theory, the result indicates that either unilateral imposition of additional tariffs or bilateral tariff friction will give rise to the deteriorated welfare level of both countries. The book will appeal to academics and policy makers interested in international trade, China–U.S. relation and the trade friction.

Author : Etel Solingen
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 321 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2021-05-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781108833561

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Geopolitics, Supply Chains, and International Relations in East Asia by Etel Solingen Pdf

An accessible overview of political, economic, and strategic dimensions of global supply chains in a changing global political economy.

Author : Alberto Cavallo,Ms.Gita Gopinath,Brent Neiman,Jenny Tang
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 37 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 2019-11-01
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781513518381

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Tariff Passthrough at the Border and at the Store: Evidence from US Trade Policy by Alberto Cavallo,Ms.Gita Gopinath,Brent Neiman,Jenny Tang Pdf

We use micro data collected at the border and at retailers to characterize the effects brought by recent changes in US trade policy - particularly the tariffs placed on imports from China - on importers, consumers, and exporters. We start by documenting that the tariffs were almost fully passed through to total prices paid by importers, suggesting the tariffs' incidence has fallen largely on the United States. Since we estimate the response of prices to exchange rates to be far more muted, the recent depreciation of the Chinese renminbi is unlikely to alter this conclusion. Next, using product-level data from several large multi-national retailers, we demonstrate that the impact of the tariffs on retail prices is more mixed. Some affected product categories have seen sharp price increases, but the difference between affected and unaffected products is generally quite modest, suggesting that retail margins have fallen. These retailers' imports increased after the initial announcement of possible tariffs, but before their full implementation, so the intermediate passthrough of tariffs to their prices may not persist. Finally, in contrast to the case of foreign exporters facing US tariffs, we show that US exporters lowered their prices on goods subjected to foreign retaliatory tariffs compared to exports of non-targeted goods.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 31 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2009
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:402364092

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China-U.S. Trade Issues by Anonim Pdf

U.S.-China economic ties have expanded substantially over the past three decades. Total U.S.- China trade has risen from $5 billion in 1980 to $409 billion in 2008. In 2008, China was the second largest U.S. trading partner, its third largest export market, and its biggest source of imports. About 12% of total U.S. global trade is now with China. According to U.S. data, U.S. firms have invested around $28 billion in China (through 2007), some of which is aimed at the Chinese domestic market, while other investment has gone into export-oriented manufacturing facilities. With a huge population and a rapidly expanding economy, China is a potentially huge market for U.S. exporters. However, bilateral economic relations have become strained over a number of issues, including large and growing U.S. trade deficits with China ($266 billion in 2008), China's failure to fully implement its World Trade Organization (WTO) commitments (especially in regards to protection of intellectual property rights), its refusal to adopt a floating currency system, its use of industrial policies (such as subsidies) and other practices deemed unfair and/or harmful to various U.S. economic sectors, and its failure in some cases to ensure that its exported products meet U.S. health and safety standards. Further complicating the bilateral economic relationship is China's large holdings of U.S. debt, such as Treasury securities. In September 2008, China overtook Japan to become the largest foreign holder of such securities. Some analysts welcome China's purchases of U.S. debt securities, which help fund U.S. budget deficits, while others have expressed concerns that growing Chinese holdings of U.S. debt may increase its leverage over the United States.

Author : Guoyong Liang,Haoyuan Ding
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 2022-04
Category : China
ISBN : 0367535750

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The China-US Trade War by Guoyong Liang,Haoyuan Ding Pdf

This book provides a timely account of the US-China trade war with insights into its causes and consequences. It analyses the context and causes of the trade war, the intertwined processes of tariff combat and trade negotiations, and the impacts on international trade among others.

Author : Andrew H. Card,Edward H. Alden,Council on Foreign Relations,Matthew Jon Slaughter
Publisher : Council on Foreign Relations
Page : 135 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2011
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780876094419

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U.S. Trade and Investment Policy by Andrew H. Card,Edward H. Alden,Council on Foreign Relations,Matthew Jon Slaughter Pdf

From American master Ward Just, returning to his trademark territory of "Forgetfulness "and "The Weather in Berlin," an evocative portrait of diplomacy and desire set against the backdrop of America's first lost war

Author : Kai Kajitani,Tomoki Kamo
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 99 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2022-03-10
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9789811902024

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Political Economy of Reform in China by Kai Kajitani,Tomoki Kamo Pdf

This book contains four research papers that clarify the issues behind China's rapid economic growth, using empirical studies. The book makes two distinctive points. First, it elucidates the unique economic development of China from a different perspective than the "state capitalism" theory, based on empirical research on the Chinese economy and politics with the cooperation of leading scholars. Second, the book paints a total picture of China through an interdisciplinary analysis of economics, politics, and history. Each chapter focuses on the political–economic context of China's rapid economic growth on the following basis. First, the authors analyze whether there is a clear difference in the labor distribution rate between state-owned and non-state-owned enterprises, using data from industrial enterprises. Second, they focus on Shenzhen as an innovation hub and examine sustainable innovation and its institutional context in China. Third, there is empirical clarification of questions by matching the databases of industrial enterprises and information on elected representatives of the Local People's Congress of Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province. Finally, the authors focus on the competition by local governments to attract companies by auctioning land usage rights.

Author : Ha Jiming,Adam S. Posen
Publisher : Peterson Institute for International Economics
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2019-04-25
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780881327397

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US-China Economic Relations by Ha Jiming,Adam S. Posen Pdf

Outright trade war between the world’s two largest economies would be devastating to the working people of both countries, as well as destructive to the future of the entire world economy. The costs of conflict between China and the United States far outweigh the current causes of dispute in their economic relationship. These costs would be both direct, in terms of short-term losses of growth and employment, and indirect, in terms of long-term damage to the world trading system, diminishing investment and efficiency. There are points of genuine dispute between the United States and China over their economic interaction. Even if their economic significance is often exaggerated, these are legitimate points of contention and have to be addressed in a constructive manner. The analyses in this volume aim to contribute to a more reality-based consideration of both countries’ enlightened self-interests, which would yield progress on points of dispute in a manner consistent with keeping the world economy open for business.

Author : Douglas H. Brooks,David Hummels
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 256 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2009-01-30
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781781953273

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Infrastructure?s Role in Lowering Asia?s Trade Costs by Douglas H. Brooks,David Hummels Pdf

Much of the analysis of infrastructure's impact on trade costs focuses on conditions in developed countries. This book makes an invaluable contribution to our understanding by examining the situation in developing Asia, the world's most populous and fastest growing region. This study analyzes and draws policy implications from infrastructure's central role in lowering Asia's trade costs. Infrastructure is shown to be a cost-effective means of lowering trade costs and thereby promoting regional growth and integration. This book combines thematic and country studies, while breaking new ground in.

Author : International Monetary Fund. Research Dept.
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 215 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2018-10-09
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484376799

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World Economic Outlook, October 2018 by International Monetary Fund. Research Dept. Pdf

Global growth for 2018–19 is projected to remain steady at its 2017 level, but its pace is less vigorous than projected in April and it has become less balanced. Downside risks to global growth have risen in the past six months and the potential for upside surprises has receded. Global growth is projected at 3.7 percent for 2018–19—0.2 percentage point lower for both years than forecast in April. The downward revision reflects surprises that suppressed activity in early 2018 in some major advanced economies, the negative effects of the trade measures implemented or approved between April and mid-September, as well as a weaker outlook for some key emerging market and developing economies arising from country-specific factors, tighter financial conditions, geopolitical tensions, and higher oil import bills. The balance of risks to the global growth forecast has shifted to the downside in a context of elevated policy uncertainty. Several of the downside risks highlighted in the April 2018 World Economic Outlook (WEO)—such as rising trade barriers and a reversal of capital flows to emerging market economies with weaker fundamentals and higher political risk—have become more pronounced or have partially materialized. Meanwhile, the potential for upside surprises has receded, given the tightening of financial conditions in some parts of the world, higher trade costs, slow implementation of reforms recommended in the past, and waning growth momentum.

Author : Ka Zeng
Publisher : Edward Elgar Publishing
Page : 480 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2019
Category : BUSINESS & ECONOMICS
ISBN : 9781786435064

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Handbook on the International Political Economy of China by Ka Zeng Pdf

This book examines the processes, evolution and consequences of China’s rapid integration into the global economy. Through analyses of Beijing’s international economic engagement in areas such as trade, investment, finance, sustainable development and global economic governance, it highlights the forces shaping China’s increasingly prominent role in the global economic arena. Chapters explore China’s behavior in global economic governance, the interests and motivations underlying China’s international economic initiatives and the influence of politics, including both domestic politics and foreign relations, on the country’s global economic footprint.

Author : Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan,Christian Henn
Publisher : International Monetary Fund
Page : 61 pages
File Size : 44,9 Mb
Release : 2018-05-10
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781484353684

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Peeling Away the Layers: Impacts of Durable Tariff Elimination by Arevik Gnutzmann-Mkrtchyan,Christian Henn Pdf

We demonstrate that durable MFN tariff elimination affects trade patterns through several layers, which generates non-linear impacts. First, complete tariff elimination results in a large additional trade gains over and above tariff reductions. Second, commitment to durable tariff elimination, through WTO bindings, further boosts both imports and exports of ITA members. The unique setting of the WTO Information Technology Agreement (ITA) allows us to identify these effects of non-discriminatory trade policies because (i) ITA constitutes a quasi-natural experiment as several “passive” signatories joined it as an unavoidable part of pursuing of a larger policy objective, and (ii) ITA's partial coverage of the IT sector provides a natural control group for cross-product identification. Commitments under the ITA spurned development of a downstream IT export sector in “passive” signatories.

Author : C. Fred Bergsten,Gary Clyde Hufbauer,Sean Miner
Publisher : Peterson Institute for International Economics
Page : 449 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-28
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9780881326925

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Bridging The Pacific by C. Fred Bergsten,Gary Clyde Hufbauer,Sean Miner Pdf

The terrain of the world trading system is shifting as countries in Asia, Europe, and North America negotiate new trade agreements. However, none of these talks include both China and the United States, the two biggest economies in the world. In this pathbreaking study, C. Fred Bergsten, Gary Clyde Hufbauer, and Sean Miner argue that China and the United States would benefit substantially from a bilateral free trade and investment accord. In the process, they contend, each country would also achieve progress in addressing its internal economic challenges, such as the low saving rate in the United States. Achieving greater trade and investment integration could be accomplished with one comprehensive effort or through step-by-step negotiations over key issues. The authors call on the United States to seek liberalization of China's services sector as vital to securing an agreement, and they explain that such contentious matters as cyber espionage and currency manipulation be handled through parallel negotiations rather than in the agreement itself. This is an important study of the benefits and difficulties of a complex matter that could yield dividends to the two economies and help stabilize the security and well-being of the rest of the world.

Author : Giray Gozgor,Chi Lau
Publisher : Frontiers Media SA
Page : 240 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2021-11-24
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9782889716784

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Economic Effects of COVID-19 Related Uncertainty Shocks by Giray Gozgor,Chi Lau Pdf

Author : David Dollar,Yiping Huang,Yang Yao
Publisher : Brookings Institution Press
Page : 444 pages
File Size : 47,8 Mb
Release : 2020-06-09
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780815738060

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China 2049 by David Dollar,Yiping Huang,Yang Yao Pdf

How will China reform its economy as it aspires to become the next economic superpower? It's clear that China is the world's next economic superpower. But what isn't so clear is how China will get there by the middle of this century. It now faces tremendous challenges such as fostering innovation, dealing with ageing problem and coping with a less accommodative global environment. In this book, economists from China's leading university and America's best-known think tank offer in depth analyses of these challenges. Does China have enough talent and right policy and institutional mix to transit from input-driven to innovation-driven economy? What does ageing mean, in terms of labor supply, consumption demand and social welfare expenditure? Can China contain the environmental and climate change risks? How should the financial system be transformed in order to continuously support economic growth and keep financial risks under control? What fiscal reforms are required in order to balance between economic efficiency and social harmony? What roles should the state-owned enterprises play in the future Chinese economy? In addition, how will technological competition between the United States and China affect each country's development? Will the Chinese yuan emerge as a major reserve currency, and would this destabilize the international financial system? What will be China's role in the international economic institutions? And will the United States and other established powers accept a growing role for China and the rest of the developing world in the governance of global institutions such as the World Trade Organization and the International Monetary Fund, or will the world devolve into competing blocs? This book provides unique insights into independent analyses and policy recommendations by a group of top Chinese and American scholars. Whether China succeeds or fails in economic reform will have a large impact, not just on China's development, but also on stability and prosperity for the whole world.