The Acquisition And Retention Of Knowledge A Cognitive View

Author : D.P. Ausubel
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 227 pages
File Size : 53,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9789401594547

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The Acquisition and Retention of Knowledge: A Cognitive View by D.P. Ausubel Pdf

In 1963 an initial attempt was made in my The Psychology of Meaningful Verbal Learning to present a cognitive theory of meaningful as opposed to rote verbal learning. It was based on the proposition that the acquisition and retention of knowl edge (particularly of verbal knowledge as, for example, in school, or subject-matter learning) is the product of an active, integrative, interactional process between instructional material (subject matter) and relevant ideas in the leamer's cognitive structure to which the new ideas are relatable in particular ways. This book is a full-scale revision of my 1963 monograph, The Psychology of Meaningful Verbal Learning, in the sense that it addresses the major aforementioned and hitherto unmet goals by providing for an expansion, clarification, differentiation, and sharper focusing of the principal psychological variables and processes involved in meaningful learning and retention, i.e., for their interrelationships and interactions leading to the generation of new meanings in the individual learner. The preparation of this new monograph was largely necessitated by the virtual collapse of the neobe havioristic theoretical orientation to learning during the previous forty years; and by the meteoric rise in the seventies and beyond of constructivist approaches to learning theory.

Author : Karoline Afamasaga-Fuata'i
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 339 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2009-04-21
Category : Education
ISBN : 9780387891941

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Concept Mapping in Mathematics by Karoline Afamasaga-Fuata'i Pdf

Concept Mapping in Mathematics: Research into Practice is the first comprehensive book on concept mapping in mathematics. It provides the reader with an understanding of how the meta-cognitive tool, namely, hierarchical concept maps, and the process of concept mapping can be used innovatively and strategically to improve planning, teaching, learning, and assessment at different educational levels. This collection of research articles examines the usefulness of concept maps in the educational setting, with applications and examples ranging from primary grade classrooms through secondary mathematics to pre-service teacher education, undergraduate mathematics and post-graduate mathematics education. A second meta-cognitive tool, called vee diagrams, is also critically examined by two authors, particularly its value in improving mathematical problem solving. Thematically, the book flows from a historical development overview of concept mapping in the sciences to applications of concept mapping in mathematics by teachers and pre-service teachers as a means of analyzing mathematics topics, planning for instruction and designing assessment tasks including applications by school and university students as learning and review tools. This book provides case studies and resources that have been field tested with school and university students alike. The findings presented have implications for enriching mathematics learning and making problem solving more accessible and meaningful for students. The theoretical underpinnings of concept mapping and of the studies in the book include Ausubel’s cognitive theory of meaningful learning, constructivist and Vygotskian psychology to name a few. There is evidence particularly from international studies such as PISA and TIMSS and mathematics education research, which suggest that students’ mathematical literacy and problem solving skills can be enhanced through students collaborating and interacting as they work, discuss and communicate mathematically. This book proposes the meta-cognitive strategy of concept mapping as one viable means of promoting, communicating and explicating students’ mathematical thinking and reasoning publicly in a social setting (e.g., mathematics classrooms) as they engage in mathematical dialogues and discussions. Concept Mapping in Mathematics: Research into Practice is of interest to researchers, graduate students, teacher educators and professionals in mathematics education.

Author : Marshall J. Farr
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 171 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Psychology
ISBN : 9781461210627

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The Long-Term Retention of Knowledge and Skills by Marshall J. Farr Pdf

A. INTRODUCTION AND BACKGROUNDl,2 This report reviews and interprets research on the nature and magnitude of the effects of those factors which influence how well knowledge and skills (K&S) are retained over relatively long periods of nonuse. Our interest lies in the kinds of knowledge domains and skills that military personnel must master to function effectively on their jobs. The practical concern impelling this study is that K&S degradation or loss (which we will refer to as "decay") can and does occur, often and severely enough, to jeopardize military preparedness. There are occasions in all the military services when personnel who have just completed their training do not receive an opportunity to practice or use their new capabilities for weeks or months. In the case of reservists who may be called back to active duty, the period of nonuse of relevant military job skills may be counted in terms of years. B. OBJECTIVES The overall objective is to critically analyze the relevant scientific literature which relates the processes involved in learning to those of memory, taking into account the characteristics of the learner and the learning tasks. More specifically, we have focused on the following sub-objectives: 1. Identify, describe and rank the influence and the interactions of the important major variables that affect long-term retention (LTR); 1 I am indebted to Dr. Jesse Orlansky, Institute for Defense Analyses, for his encouragement and guidance through all phases of this report.

Author : David Paul Ausubel,Joseph Donald Novak,Helen Hanesian
Publisher : Holt McDougal
Page : 760 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Education
ISBN : UOM:39015005430213

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Educational Psychology by David Paul Ausubel,Joseph Donald Novak,Helen Hanesian Pdf

Author : Gómez Ramos, José Luis,Gómez-Barreto, Isabel María
Publisher : IGI Global
Page : 297 pages
File Size : 45,5 Mb
Release : 2022-04-01
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781799891307

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Design and Measurement Strategies for Meaningful Learning by Gómez Ramos, José Luis,Gómez-Barreto, Isabel María Pdf

Teaching content and measuring content are frequently considered separate entities when designing teaching instruction. This can create a disconnect between how students are taught and how well they succeed when it comes time for assessment. To heal this rift, the theory of meaningful learning is a potential solution for designing effective teaching-learning and assessment materials. Design and Measurement Strategies for Meaningful Learning considers the best practices, challenges, and opportunities of instructional design as well as the theory and impact of meaningful learning. It provides educators with an essential text instructing them on how to successfully design and measure the content they teach. Covering a wide range of topics such as blended learning, online interaction, and learning assessment, this reference work is ideal for teachers, instructional designers, curriculum developers, policymakers, administrators, academicians, researchers, practitioners, and students.

Author : Alexandra Okada,Simon J. Buckingham Shum,Tony Sherborne
Publisher : Springer
Page : 555 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2014-10-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781447164708

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Knowledge Cartography by Alexandra Okada,Simon J. Buckingham Shum,Tony Sherborne Pdf

Focuses on the process by which manually crafting interactive, hypertextual maps clarifies one’s own understanding, communicates it to others, and enables collective intelligence. The authors see mapping software as visual tools for reading and writing in a networked age. In an information ocean, the challenge is to find meaningful patterns around which we can weave plausible narratives. Maps of concepts, discussions and arguments make the connections between ideas tangible - and critically, disputable. With 22 chapters from leading researchers and practitioners (5 of them new for this edition), the reader will find the current state-of-the-art in the field. Part 1 focuses on knowledge maps for learning and teaching in schools and universities, before Part 2 turns to knowledge maps for information analysis and knowledge management in professional communities, but with many cross-cutting themes: · reflective practitioners documenting the most effective ways to map · conceptual frameworks for evaluating representations · real world case studies showing added value for professionals · more experimental case studies from research and education · visual languages, many of which work on both paper and with software · knowledge cartography software, much of it freely available and open source · visit the companion website for extra resources: books.kmi.open.ac.uk/knowledge-cartography Knowledge Cartography will be of interest to learners, educators, and researchers in all disciplines, as well as policy analysts, scenario planners, knowledge managers and team facilitators. Practitioners will find new perspectives and tools to expand their repertoire, while researchers will find rich enough conceptual grounding for further scholarship.

Author : Juanjuan Chen
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 230 pages
File Size : 49,9 Mb
Release : 2022-07-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781000615579

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Cognitive Mapping for Problem-based and Inquiry Learning by Juanjuan Chen Pdf

This book studies how to improve problem-based and inquiry-based learning by incorporating cognitive maps. Problem-based learning and cognitive mapping are reviewed from the perspective of both learning sciences and cognitive sciences, including the underpinning theories of experiential learning, situated learning, collaborative learning, meaningful learning, externalized representations, and visual representations. The result is a comprehensive review and analysis of cognitive mapping-supported problem-based learning, with the topic discussed from cognitive, metacognitive, social, and motivational and emotional perspectives. Furthermore, the author presents a theory-driven design, implementation, and analysis of design-based research to improve problem-based learning using cognitive mapping. The book will provide implications for researchers and practitioners of learning sciences, psychology, instructional systems, and cognitive tools.

Author : D. C. Phillips
Publisher : SAGE Publications
Page : 953 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014-05-19
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781483364759

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Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy by D. C. Phillips Pdf

Education is a field sometimes beset by theories-of-the-day and with easy panaceas that overpromise the degree to which they can alleviate pressing educational problems. The two-volume Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy introduces readers to theories that have stood the test of time and those that have provided the historical foundation for the best of contemporary educational theory and practice. Drawing together a team of international scholars, this invaluable reference examines the global landscape of all the key theories and the theorists behind them and presents them in the context needed to understand their strengths and weaknesses. In addition to interpretations of long-established theories, this work offers essays on cutting-edge research and concise, to-the-point definitions of key concepts, ideas, schools, and figures. Features: Over 300 signed entries by trusted experts in the field are organized into two volumes and overseen by a distinguished General Editor and an international Editorial Board. Entries are followed by cross references and further reading suggestions. A Chronology of Theory within the field of education highlights developments over the centuries; a Reader’s Guide groups entries thematically, and a master Bibliography facilitates further study. The Reader’s Guide, detailed index, and cross references combine for strong search-and-browse capabilities in the electronic version. Available in a choice of print or electronic formats, Encyclopedia of Educational Theory and Philosophy is an ideal reference for anyone interested in the roots of contemporary educational theory.

Author : Marshall J. Farr
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 116 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 1987-01-01
Category : Apprentissage, Psychologie de l'
ISBN : 3540965319

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The Long-term Retention of Knowledge and Skills by Marshall J. Farr Pdf

Author : Igal Galili
Publisher : Springer Nature
Page : 477 pages
File Size : 45,6 Mb
Release : 2022-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783030802011

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Scientific Knowledge as a Culture by Igal Galili Pdf

This book, in its first part, contains units of conceptual history of several topics of physics based on the research in physics education and research based articles with regard to several topics involved in teaching science in general and physics in particular. The second part of the book includes the framework used, the approach considering science knowledge as a special type of culture – discipline-culture. Within this approach, scientific knowledge is considered as comprised of a few inclusive fundamental theories each hierarchically structured in a triadic pattern: nucleus-body-periphery. While nucleus incorporates the basic principles and body comprises their implementations in the variety of laws, models, and experiments, periphery includes concepts at odds to the nucleus. This structure introduces knowledge in its conceptual variation thus converting disciplinary knowledge to cultural-disciplinary one. The approach draws on history and philosophy of science (HPS) necessary for meaningful learning of science. It is exemplified in several aspects regarding teaching physics, presenting history in classes, considering the special nature of science, and using artistic images in regular teaching. The revealed conceptual debate around the chosen topics clarifies the subject matter for school students and teachers encouraging construction of Cultural Content Knowledge. Often missed in teachers' preparation and common curriculum it helps genuine understanding of science thus providing remedy of students' misconceptions reported in educational research.

Author : Alan B. Knox,Simone C. O. Conceição,Larry G. Martin
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 206 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2023-07-03
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781000981353

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Mapping the Field of Adult and Continuing Education by Alan B. Knox,Simone C. O. Conceição,Larry G. Martin Pdf

Co-published with The field of Adult and Continuing Education (ACE) has long been influential beyond its already porous borders and continues to be a source of important ideas, inspiration, and innovative practices for those in disciplines such as educational administration, social work, nursing, and counseling. Recognizing this, the American Association for Adult and Continuing Education commissioned the editors to create this compendium, which provides an invaluable resource to readers already established in the field, those entering the field, and to myriad neighbors of the field as well.This four-volume compendium (also available as a combined e-book) brings together a host of national and international contributors to map the field of ACE in a series of brief articles addressing key theories and practices across its many domains and settings. These are arranged in four volumes, available either individually or as a set:Volume One: Adult LearnersVolume Two: Teaching and LearningVolume Three: Leadership and AdministrationVolume Four: Inquiry and InfluencesThe volume on Adult Learners will include articles addressing topics such as adult development, diversity, learning abilities, the influence of personality on learning, and the role of experience in adult learning. By far the largest segment of learners in society, and currently the largest segment of college students as well, a better understanding of the adult learner is vital for educators of all kinds.Volume two addresses Teaching and Learning topics ranging from methods and roles to programs and materials. Encompassing formal and informal learning, as well as the variety of focus and setting, from cultural to occupational, this volume explores the wide range of theory and practice in ACE.Issues of Leadership and Administration such as planning and resource allocation, organizational change and culture, and the value of a shared vision for all stakeholders are addressed in the third volume. From practical matters like staffing and volunteers, to big-picture issues such as alternative visions for the future of the field, this volume offers vital knowledge and insight.The final volume, on Inquiry and Influences, examines the context, trends, and methods of research and evaluation in the field’s many domains. Wide-ranging inquiry has always been a hallmark of ACE, and only continues to grow along with the recognition of the importance of adult learning for learners and for the society as a whole.All four volumes are available as a single e-book, to make the most of the inter-relatedness of the various topics. This version uses live links in the table of contents and combined index (as well as keywords at the start of each article) to enable readers to follow their own topical interests and thus create unique learning pathways for themselves.

Author : Malcolm Tight,Jeroen Huisman
Publisher : Emerald Group Publishing
Page : 300 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2013-10-15
Category : Education
ISBN : 9781781906835

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Theory and Method in Higher Education Research by Malcolm Tight,Jeroen Huisman Pdf

Theory and Method in Higher Education Research contains contemporary contributions to international debates regarding the application and development of theory and methodology in researching higher education.

Author : Khine Soe Thaung
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-02-03
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9783642259081

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Advanced Information Technology in Education by Khine Soe Thaung Pdf

The volume includes a set of selected papers extended and revised from the 2011 International Conference on Computers and Advanced Technology in Education. With the development of computers and advanced technology, the human social activities are changing basically. Education, especially the education reforms in different countries, has been experiencing the great help from the computers and advanced technology. Generally speaking, education is a field which needs more information, while the computers, advanced technology and internet are a good information provider. Also, with the aid of the computer and advanced technology, persons can make the education an effective combination. Therefore, computers and advanced technology should be regarded as an important media in the modern education. Volume Advanced Information Technology in Education is to provide a forum for researchers, educators, engineers, and government officials involved in the general areas of computers and advanced technology in education to disseminate their latest research results and exchange views on the future research directions of these fields.

Author : Stephen Rayner,Eva Cools
Publisher : Taylor & Francis
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 40,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Business & Economics
ISBN : 9781136901645

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Style Differences in Cognition, Learning, and Management by Stephen Rayner,Eva Cools Pdf

This book aims to mark fifteen years of contributions to the field of style research in cognition and learning presented at the annual conference of the European Learning Styles Information Network. The style field is a multidisciplinary, global community made up of researchers in several domains of knowledge including education, psychology, business, computer science, information systems, management, human resources and other related fields. The book will be relevant for readers who are interested in differences in thinking and learning, covering a wide range of style-related themes with appeal to readers seeking an international and interdisciplinary perspective. Interested practitioners will include professionals working in the areas of HR Management, Organizational Learning, Business Management and all phases of Education. The application of style differences, for example, impacts widely upon work and human performance in areas of policy-making, team-management and project development (sports, social agency, and medicine). New or alternative research paradigms facilitating revision and consensus in the field of style differences are presented. The aim of integrating research and practice is developed to achieve consensual theory for style differences in human performance. Style Differences in Performance is a timely and field-defining volume that will change the way academics and practitioners across international and disciplinary boundaries think and talk about the field of learning style and its implications for human achievement.

Author : Murat Kahveci,MaryKay Orgill
Publisher : Springer
Page : 322 pages
File Size : 41,6 Mb
Release : 2015-01-08
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783662450857

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Affective Dimensions in Chemistry Education by Murat Kahveci,MaryKay Orgill Pdf

This is a unique resource for those wishing to address the affective domain as they research and solve problems in chemistry education. Contributions by world-leading experts cover both fundamental considerations and practical case studies. This work fills a gap in the literature of chemistry education, which so far has focussed mainly on the cognitive domain. The affective domain refers to feelings-based constructs such as attitudes, values, beliefs, opinions, emotions, interests, motivation, and a degree of acceptance or rejection. It can affect students’ interest in science topics and their motivation to persevere in learning science concepts.