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Popes and Antipopes: The Politics of Eleventh Century Church Reform by Mary Stroll Pdf
A revolution shook the Christian world in the second half of the eleventh century. Many eminent historians point to Hildebrand, later Gregory VII (1073-1085), as the prime mover of this movement that aspired to free the Church from secular entanglements, and to return it to its state of paleochristian purity. I see the reform from the perspective of much wider developments such as the split between the Greek and the Latin Churches and the Norman infiltration of Southern Italy. Contentrating on the popes and the antipopes I delve into the character and motivations of the important personae, and do not see the movement as a smooth line of progress. I see the outcome as reversal of power of what had been a strong empire and a weak papacy.
The Chronica Maiora of Thomas Walsingham, 1376-1422 by Thomas Walsingham Pdf
Translated by David Preest with introduction and notes by James G. Clark Thomas Walsingham's Chronica maiora is one of the most comprehensive and colourful chronicles to survive from medieval England. Walsingham was a monk at St Albans Abbey, a royal monastery and the premier repository of public records, and therefore well placed to observe the political machinations of this period at close hand. Moreover, he knew the monarchs and many of the nobles personally and is able to offer insights into their actions unmatched by any other authority. It is this narrative, transmitted through the popular Tudor histories of Hall, Stow and Holinshed, which provides the principle source for Shakespeare's sequence of history plays. Covering almost fifty years, the narrative provides the most authoritative account of one of the most turbulent periods in English history, from the last years of Edward III (1376-77) to the premature death of Henry V (1422). Walsingham describes the many dramas of this period in vivid detail, including the Peasants' Revolt (1381), the deposition and murder of Richard II (1399-1400), The Welsh revolt of Owain Glyn Dwr (1403) and Henry V's victory at Agincourt (1415); they are brought to life here in this new translation.
Out of This Century: The Informal Memoirs of Peggy Guggenheim by Peggy Guggenheim Pdf
In her captivating memoir, Out of This Century: The Informal Memoirs of Peggy Guggenheim, the renowned art collector and socialite takes readers on a fascinating journey through her extraordinary life. From her bohemian upbringing to her pivotal role in shaping the modern art world, Guggenheim's story is one of passion, resilience, and an unwavering commitment to the avant-garde. This intimate and candid account offers a rare glimpse into the mind of a visionary who left an indelible mark on the cultural landscape of the 20th century.