The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory S Thyroid Function Study

Author : Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Polar Research Board,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute of Medicine,National Research Council
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1996-02-09
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309588843

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The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory's Thyroid Function Study by Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Commission on Life Sciences,Polar Research Board,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Institute of Medicine,National Research Council Pdf

During the 1950s, with the Cold War looming, military planners sought to know more about how to keep fighting forces fit and capable in the harsh Alaskan environment. In 1956 and 1957, the U.S. Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. To measure thyroid function under various conditions, the researchers administered a radioactive medical trace, Iodine-131, to Alaska Natives and white military personnel; based on the study results, the researchers determined that the thyroid did not play a significant role in human acclimatization to cold. When this study of thyroid function was revisited at a 1993 conference on the Cold War legacy in the Arctic, serious questions were raised about the appropriateness of the activity--whether it posed risks to the people involved and whether the research had been conducted within the bounds of accepted guidelines for research using human participants. In particular, there was concern over the relatively large proportion of Alaska Natives used as subjects and whether they understood the nature of the study. This book evaluates the research in detail, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research. This book presents conclusions and recommendations and is a significant addition to the nation's current reevaluation of human radiation experiments conducted during the Cold War.

Author : National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Polar Research Board,Commission on Life Sciences,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 117 pages
File Size : 55,9 Mb
Release : 1996-02-26
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780309054287

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The Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory's Thyroid Function Study by National Research Council,Institute of Medicine,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Board on Health Promotion and Disease Prevention,Board on Radiation Effects Research,Polar Research Board,Commission on Life Sciences,Commission on Geosciences, Environment, and Resources,Committee on Evaluation of 1950s Air Force Human Health Testing in Alaska Using Radioactive Iodine-131 Pdf

During the 1950s, with the Cold War looming, military planners sought to know more about how to keep fighting forces fit and capable in the harsh Alaskan environment. In 1956 and 1957, the U.S. Air Force's former Arctic Aeromedical Laboratory conducted a study of the role of the thyroid in human acclimatization to cold. To measure thyroid function under various conditions, the researchers administered a radioactive medical trace, Iodine-131, to Alaska Natives and white military personnel; based on the study results, the researchers determined that the thyroid did not play a significant role in human acclimatization to cold. When this study of thyroid function was revisited at a 1993 conference on the Cold War legacy in the Arctic, serious questions were raised about the appropriateness of the activityâ€"whether it posed risks to the people involved and whether the research had been conducted within the bounds of accepted guidelines for research using human participants. In particular, there was concern over the relatively large proportion of Alaska Natives used as subjects and whether they understood the nature of the study. This book evaluates the research in detail, looking at both the possible health effects of Iodine-131 administration in humans and the ethics of human subjects research. This book presents conclusions and recommendations and is a significant addition to the nation's current reevaluation of human radiation experiments conducted during the Cold War.

Author : J. R. McNeill,Corinna R. Unger,German Historical Institute (Washington, D.C.)
Publisher : Cambridge University Press
Page : 377 pages
File Size : 54,9 Mb
Release : 2010-04-30
Category : History
ISBN : 9780521762441

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Environmental Histories of the Cold War by J. R. McNeill,Corinna R. Unger,German Historical Institute (Washington, D.C.) Pdf

Explores the links between the Cold War and the global environment, ranging from the environmental impacts of nuclear weapons to the political repercussions of environmentalism.

Author : Matthew S. Wiseman
Publisher : University of Toronto Press
Page : 276 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2024-03-26
Category : History
ISBN : 9781487519636

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Frontier Science by Matthew S. Wiseman Pdf

Between 1945 and 1970, Canada’s Department of National Defence sponsored scientific research into the myriad challenges of military operations in cold regions. To understand and overcome the impediments of the country’s cold climate, scientists studied cold-weather acclimatization, hypothermia, frostbite, and psychological morale for soldiers assigned to active duty in northern Canada. Frontier Science investigates the history of military science in northern Canada during this period of the Cold War, highlighting the consequences of government-funded research for humans and nature alike. The book reveals how under the guise of “environmental protection” research, the Canadian military sprayed pesticides to clear bushed areas, used radioactive substances to investigate vector-borne diseases, pursued race-based theories of cold tolerance, and enabled wide-ranging tests of newly developed weapons and equipment. In arguing that military research in northern Canada was a product of the Cold War, Matthew S. Wiseman tackles questions of government power, scientific authority, and medical and environmental research ethics. Based on a long and deep pursuit of declassified records, archival sources, and oral testimony, Frontier Science is a fascinating new history of military approaches to the human-nature relationship.

Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 100 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 1997-08
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 0788146432

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Building Public Trust by DIANE Publishing Company Pdf

This report is divided into three sections: (1) "openness in government", describes steps the Administration has taken to make government records of human radiation experiments readily available to the public; (2) "protecting future human subjects", sets forth the Administration's actions to strengthen the protection of human subjects; (3) "righting past wrongs", summarizes the Administration's efforts to notify the public and individuals about past human radiation experiments and bring justice to those affected by the government's mistakes. This report presents those actions that are completed or underway.

Author : Michael Christopher Gibbons
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 178 pages
File Size : 42,5 Mb
Release : 2007-09-08
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9780387728155

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eHealth Solutions for Healthcare Disparities by Michael Christopher Gibbons Pdf

Paralleling emerging trends in cyber-health technology, concerns are mounting about racial and ethnic disparities in health care utilization and outcomes. This book brings these themes together, challenging readers to use, promote, and develop new technology-based methods for closing these gaps. Edited by a leading urban health advocate and featuring 16 expert contributors, the book examines cyber-strategies with the greatest potential toward effective, equitable care, improved service delivery and better health outcomes for all. The rise of e-Patients and the transformation of the doctor-patient relationship are also discussed.

Author : Vardit Ravitsky, PhD,Autumn Fiester, PhD,Arthur L. Caplan, PhD
Publisher : Springer Publishing Company
Page : 856 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2009-04-16
Category : Medical
ISBN : 0826117317

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The Penn Center Guide to Bioethics by Vardit Ravitsky, PhD,Autumn Fiester, PhD,Arthur L. Caplan, PhD Pdf

Named an Outstanding Academic Title for 2009 byChoice! "[A] set of almost 70 essays, all well informed and many with attitude." Harold Shapiro, PhD Professor Emeritus and Professor of Economics and Public Affairs Princeton University, Former Chair, National Bioethics Advisory Board "This most noteworthy and authoritative collection of 67 essays...represents 'the Penn way of doing bioethics' ....The Penn Center is widely known for multidisciplinary scholarship that emphasizes empirical inquiry on bioethical issues coupled with practical application(s)....The book provides excellent coverage of...both classical topics (e.g., informed consent, infertility, eugenics) and emerging issues (e.g., cloning, nonprofessional caregiving, privacy of thought in the age of brain imaging). The contributors, including the three editors, are either well-established or emerging scholars. Each essay offers historical background, an overview of relevant issues, a conclusion, and a list of references....Summing Up: Highly recommended."--Choice: Current Reviews for Academic Libraries "This well-written book addresses a wide-ranging assortment of traditional bioethics issues that persist in the field as well as contemporary bioethics concerns that have evolved with new technologies and medical advances. This is a great resource for scholars in bioethics as well as various other relevant disciplines concerned with bioethical issues." Score: 96, 4 stars--Doody's Medical Reviews The Center for Bioethics at the University of Pennsylvania is the internationally recognized leader in bioethical education and research. Its interdisciplinary faculty is drawn from the fields of medicine, law, nursing, education, philosophy, psychology, and religious studies. Arthur L. Caplan, the Center's founding director, is recognized as one of the most influential experts in bioethics. He has authored numerous books and articles, and served as the Chair of the Advisory Committee to the United Nations on human cloning. The Penn Center's leading fellows, Autumn Fiester and Vardit Ravitsky, have combined their expertise with Dr. Caplan and over 80 other contributors to create The Penn Center Guide to Bioethics--the foremost authority on both traditional and cutting-edge bioethical issues. The Penn Guide navigates uncharted ethical terrains, undoubtedly shaping both academic and public discourses on the challenging controversies generated by new technologies, theories, and medical advances. This volume represents the Penn Center's distinct, pioneering approach to bioethics, one that emphasizes empirical treatment of bioethical issues, and the integration of bioethical scholarship with practical application. Learn what the Penn Center has to say about: Neuroethics and brain imaging: Is my mind mine? Choosing future people: reproductive technologies and identity Eugenics and survival of the fittest in the modern world Bioethics and national security Vaccination, abortion, nanotechnology, organ transplantation, end-of-life issues, and more The Penn Guide will be the definitive text for policy makers, health practitioners, researchers, and students. This book will also inform the general public, patients, and family members as they seek answers to the bioethical issues of the day.

Author : Ike Iyioke
Publisher : Ethics International Press
Page : 261 pages
File Size : 45,9 Mb
Release : 2023-03-17
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781804411001

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Rethinking Clinical Trials and Redefining Responsibility for Research Participants by Ike Iyioke Pdf

This is a new treatment of clinical research ethics in an African context, and an indispensable resource for researchers, students, policy makers and research institutions interested in African research ethics. In re-appraising the African philosophical notion of selfhood, it argues for the need to re-conceptualize responsibility in clinical trials, pushing researchers to go beyond autonomy-based considerations based on the individual only, and to develop clinical trials that appropriately embed research subjects within their community and their environment. The African standpoint stresses communalism and communitarianism. As such, responsibility for, and by, the individual can only make sense through the community in which the individual is rooted. The book emphasizes the African viewpoint by making explicit the importance of the self in the re-contextualized arena of the community. It forces research ethicists to go beyond autonomy-based considerations for the individual only, and to appropriately embed research subjects within their community and their environment.

Author : DIANE Publishing Company
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 437 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 1998-04
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 9780788148699

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Human Radiation Experiments by DIANE Publishing Company Pdf

Examines progress that the U.S. government has made to identify and catalog the many radiation experiments carried out in the U.S. involving human subjects and to establish an effective set of policies and procedures to protect citizens from dangerous and unethical research practices. Presents testimony from representatives from the Republic of the Marshall Islands, the State of Alaska, the Task Force on Radiation and Human Rights, Concerned Relatives of Cancer Study Patients, the National Institute of Health (Office for Protection from Research Risks), the Dept. of Energy, the General Accounting Office, and the Dept. of Defense.

Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 438 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1996
Category : Medical
ISBN : UCR:31210024919274

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Human Radiation Experiments by United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Governmental Affairs Pdf

Author : Kenneth L. Mossman
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 192 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2006-10-20
Category : Law
ISBN : 9781000654547

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Radiation Risks in Perspective by Kenneth L. Mossman Pdf

Public misperception of radiological risk consistently directs limited resources toward managing minimal or even phantom risks at great cost to government and industry with no measurable benefit to overall public health. The public's inability to comprehend small theoretical risks arrived at through inherently uncertain formulae, coupled with an ir

Author : Nora Haenn,Allison Harnish,Richard Wilk
Publisher : NYU Press
Page : 592 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 2016-04-26
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781479854271

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The Environment in Anthropology (Second Edition) by Nora Haenn,Allison Harnish,Richard Wilk Pdf

The Environment in Anthropology presents ecology and current environmental studies from an anthropological point of view. From the classics to the most current scholarship, this text connects the theory and practice in environment and anthropology, providing readers with a strong intellectual foundation as well as offering practical tools for solving environmental problems. Haenn, Wilk, and Harnish pose the most urgent questions of environmental protection: How are environmental problems mediated by cultural values? What are the environmental effects of urbanization? When do environmentalists’ goals and actions conflict with those of indigenous peoples? How can we assess the impact of “environmentally correct” businesses? They also cover the fundamental topics of population growth, large scale development, biodiversity conservation, sustainable environmental management, indigenous groups, consumption, and globalization. This revised edition addresses new topics such as water, toxic waste, neoliberalism, environmental history, environmental activism, and REDD (Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation), and it situates anthropology in the multi-disciplinary field of environmental research. It also offers readers a guide for developing their own plan for environmental action. This volume offers an introduction to the breadth of ecological and environmental anthropology as well as to its historical trends and current developments. Balancing landmark essays with cutting-edge scholarship, bridging theory and practice, and offering suggestions for further reading and new directions for research, The Environment in Anthropology continues to provide the ideal introduction to a burgeoning field.

Author : Ezra E. H. Griffith, M.D.
Publisher : American Psychiatric Pub
Page : 220 pages
File Size : 53,5 Mb
Release : 2022-09-13
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781615374830

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Race and Excellence by Ezra E. H. Griffith, M.D. Pdf

Graduate of Harvard Medical School, president of the American Board of Psychiatry and Neurology, founding national chair of the Black Psychiatrists of America: the list of Chester Pierce's accomplishments alone cement him as a luminary in the field--and that is before one considers how foundational his theories about racism as an environmental pollutant are to modern mental health. Reprinted with a new introduction, this collection of interactive conversations between Ezra Griffith and Pierce sheds light on the man behind the impressive titles and oft-cited theories. Focusing on different stages of Pierce's life and career, it traces his path of achievement in the face of obstacles both individual and institutional. What emerges is more than just a revealing portrait of one particularly determined and talented man. It is a chronicle that illustrates distinct methods of coping with the stress of racial discrimination and new ways to approach narrative stories about Black lives that will prove illuminating to anyone interested in gaining a greater understanding of how to evaluate the salience of race matters in people's lives.

Author : Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRIM&R),,Elizabeth A. Bankert,Bruce G. Gordon,Elisa A. Hurley
Publisher : Jones & Bartlett Learning
Page : 1113 pages
File Size : 46,9 Mb
Release : 2021-03-01
Category : Medical
ISBN : 9781284181159

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Institutional Review Board: Management and Function by Public Responsibility in Medicine & Research (PRIM&R),,Elizabeth A. Bankert,Bruce G. Gordon,Elisa A. Hurley Pdf

Institutional Review Board (IRB) members and oversight personnel face challenges with research involving new technology, management of big data, globalization of research, and more complex federal regulations. Institutional Review Board: Management and Function, Third Edition provides everything IRBs and administrators need to know about efficiently managing and effectively operating a modern and compliant system of protecting human research subjects. This trusted reference manual has been extensively updated to reflect the 2018 revisions to the Federal Policy for the Protection of Human Subjects (Common Rule). An essential resource for both seasoned and novice IRB administrators and members, Institutional Review Board: Management and Function provides comprehensive and understandable interpretations of the regulations, clear descriptions of the ethical principles on which the regulations are based, and practical step-by-step guidance for effectively implementing regulatory oversight.

Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 108 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 1995
Category : Arctic regions
ISBN : STANFORD:36105112150813

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Witness the Arctic by Anonim Pdf