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Author : Donald A. MacKenzie
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 45,8 Mb
Release : 1994
Category : Automatic theorem proving
ISBN : IND:30000086894205
Author : D.W. Loveland
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 418 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2016-08-19
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9781483296777
Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis
Author : Monty Newborn
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 244 pages
File Size : 51,8 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781461300892
This text and software package introduces readers to automated theorem proving, while providing two approaches implemented as easy-to-use programs. These are semantic-tree theorem proving and resolution-refutation theorem proving. The early chapters introduce first-order predicate calculus, well-formed formulae, and their transformation to clauses. Then the author goes on to show how the two methods work and provides numerous examples for readers to try their hand at theorem-proving experiments. Each chapter comes with exercises designed to familiarise the readers with the ideas and with the software, and answers to many of the problems.
Author : Kevin Roose
Publisher : Random House
Page : 273 pages
File Size : 45,7 Mb
Release : 2021-03-09
Category : Technology & Engineering
ISBN : 9780593133354
A practical, deeply reported survival guide for the age of AI, written by the New York Times tech columnist who has introduced millions to the promise and pitfalls of artificial intelligence. “Artificial intelligence can be terrifying, but Kevin Roose provides a clear, compelling strategy for surviving the next wave of technology with our jobs—and souls—intact.”—Charles Duhigg, author of The Power of Habit It’s time to get real about AI. After decades of hype and sci-fi fantasies, AI—artificial intelligence—is leaping out of research labs and into the center of our lives. Millions of people now use tools like ChatGPT and DALL-E 2 to write essays, create art and finish coding projects. AI programs are already beating humans in fields like law, medicine and entertainment, and they’re getting better every day. But AI doesn’t just threaten our jobs. It shapes our entire human experience, steering our behavior and influencing our choices about which TV shows to watch, which clothes to buy, and which politicians to vote for. And while many experts argue about whether a robot apocalypse is near, one critical question has gone unanswered: In a world where AI is ascendant, how can humans survive and thrive? In Futureproof: 9 Rules for Humans in the Age of Automation, New York Times technology columnist Kevin Roose shares the secrets of people and organizations that have successfully navigated waves of technological change, and explains what skills are necessary to stay ahead of the curve today, with lessons like • Be surprising, social, and scarce • Resist machine drift • Leave handprints • Demote your devices • Treat AI like a chimp army Roose rejects the conventional wisdom that in order to compete with AI, we have to become more like robots ourselves—hyper-efficient, data-driven workhorses. Instead, he says, we should focus on being more human, and doing the kinds of creative, inspiring, and meaningful things even the most advanced algorithms can’t do.
Author : W. W. Bledsoe,American Mathematical Society. Meeting
Publisher : American Mathematical Soc.
Page : 360 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1984
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9780821850275
Author : Donald MacKenzie
Publisher : MIT Press
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2004-01-30
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 0262632950
Most aspects of our private and social lives—our safety, the integrity of the financial system, the functioning of utilities and other services, and national security—now depend on computing. But how can we know that this computing is trustworthy? In Mechanizing Proof, Donald MacKenzie addresses this key issue by investigating the interrelations of computing, risk, and mathematical proof over the last half century from the perspectives of history and sociology. His discussion draws on the technical literature of computer science and artificial intelligence and on extensive interviews with participants. MacKenzie argues that our culture now contains two ideals of proof: proof as traditionally conducted by human mathematicians, and formal, mechanized proof. He describes the systems constructed by those committed to the latter ideal and the many questions those systems raise about the nature of proof. He looks at the primary social influence on the development of automated proof—the need to predict the behavior of the computer systems upon which human life and security depend—and explores the involvement of powerful organizations such as the National Security Agency. He concludes that in mechanizing proof, and in pursuing dependable computer systems, we do not obviate the need for trust in our collective human judgment.
Author : Nachum Dershowitz,Andrei Voronkov
Publisher : Springer
Page : 564 pages
File Size : 42,6 Mb
Release : 2007-10-07
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783540755609
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Logic for Programming, Artificial Intelligence, and Reasoning, LPAR 2007, held in Yerevan, Armenia. It contains 36 revised full papers, 15 short papers and three invited talks that were carefully selected from 78 submissions. The papers address all current issues in logic programming, logic-based program manipulation, formal method, automated reasoning, and various kinds of AI logics.
Author : Jean Goubault-Larrecq,I. Mackie
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 448 pages
File Size : 54,8 Mb
Release : 2001-11-30
Category : Computers
ISBN : 1402003684
Interest in computer applications has led to a new attitude to applied logic in which researchers tailor a logic in the same way they define a computer language. In response to this attitude, this text for undergraduate and graduate students discusses major algorithmic methodologies, and tableaux and resolution methods. The authors focus on first-order logic, the use of proof theory, and the computer application of automated searches for proofs of mathematical propositions. Annotation copyrighted by Book News, Inc., Portland, OR
Author : Melvin Fitting
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 258 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 9781468403572
There are many kinds of books on formal logic. Some have philosophers as their intended audience, some mathematicians, some computer scientists. Although there is a common core to all such books they will be very dif ferent in emphasis, methods, and even appearance. This book is intended for computer scientists. But even this is not precise. Within computer sci ence formal logic turns up in a number of areas, from program verification to logic programming to artificial intelligence. This book is intended for computer scientists interested in automated theorem proving in classical logic. To be more precise yet, it is essentially a theoretical treatment, not a how-to book, although how-to issues are not neglected. This does not mean, of course, that the book will be of no interest to philosophers or mathematicians. It does contain a thorough presentation of formal logic and many proof techniques, and as such it contains all the material one would expect to find in a course in formal logic covering completeness but not incompleteness issues. The first item to be addressed is, what are we talking about and why are we interested in it. We are primarily talking about truth as used in mathematical discourse, and our interest in it is, or should be, self-evident. Truth is a semantic concept, so we begin with models and their properties. These are used to define our subject.
Author : Department of Mathematics and Computer Science Lehman College Melvin Fitting,Melvin Fitting
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 52,8 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Artificial intelligence
ISBN : 1468403591
This monograph on classical logic presents fundamental concepts and results in a rigorous mathematical style. Applications to automated theorem proving are considered and usable programs in Prolog are provided. This material can be used both as a first text in formal logic and as an introduction to automation issues, and is intended for those interested in computer science and mathematics at the beginning graduate level. The book begins with propositional logic, then treats first-order logic, and finally, first-order logic with equality. In each case the initial presentation is semantic: Boolean valuations for propositional logic, models for first-order logic, and normal models when equality is added. This defines the intended subjects independently of a particular choice of proof mechanism. Then many kinds of proof procedures are introduced: tableau, resolution, natural deduction, Gentzen sequent and axiom systems. Completeness issues are centered in a model existence theorem, which permits the coverage of a variety of proof procedures without repetition of detail. In addition, results such as compactness, interpolation, and the Beth definability theorem are easily established.Implementations of tableau theorem provers are given in Prolog, and resolution is left as a project for the student.
Author : J. Siekmann,G. Wrightson
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 641 pages
File Size : 51,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9783642819551
"Kind of crude, but it works, boy, it works!" AZan NeweZZ to Herb Simon, Christmas 1955 In 1954 a computer program produced what appears to be the first computer generated mathematical proof: Written by M. Davis at the Institute of Advanced Studies, USA, it proved a number theoretic theorem in Presburger Arithmetic. Christmas 1955 heralded a computer program which generated the first proofs of some propositions of Principia Mathematica, developed by A. Newell, J. Shaw, and H. Simon at RAND Corporation, USA. In Sweden, H. Prawitz, D. Prawitz, and N. Voghera produced the first general program for the full first order predicate calculus to prove mathematical theorems; their computer proofs were obtained around 1957 and 1958, about the same time that H. Gelernter finished a computer program to prove simple high school geometry theorems. Since the field of computational logic (or automated theorem proving) is emerging from the ivory tower of academic research into real world applications, asserting also a definite place in many university curricula, we feel the time has corne to examine and evaluate its history. The article by Martin Davis in the first of this series of volumes traces the most influential ideas back to the 'prehistory' of early logical thought showing how these ideas influenced the underlying concepts of most early automatic theorem proving programs.
Author : Hantao Zhang
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 223 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : 9789400916753
It has been shown how the common structure that defines a family of proofs can be expressed as a proof plan [5]. This common structure can be exploited in the search for particular proofs. A proof plan has two complementary components: a proof method and a proof tactic. By prescribing the structure of a proof at the level of primitive inferences, a tactic [11] provides the guarantee part of the proof. In contrast, a method provides a more declarative explanation of the proof by means of preconditions. Each method has associated effects. The execution of the effects simulates the application of the corresponding tactic. Theorem proving in the proof planning framework is a two-phase process: 1. Tactic construction is by a process of method composition: Given a goal, an applicable method is selected. The applicability of a method is determined by evaluating the method's preconditions. The method effects are then used to calculate subgoals. This process is applied recursively until no more subgoals remain. Because of the one-to-one correspondence between methods and tactics, the output from this process is a composite tactic tailored to the given goal. 2. Tactic execution generates a proof in the object-level logic. Note that no search is involved in the execution of the tactic. All the search is taken care of during the planning process. The real benefits of having separate planning and execution phases become appar ent when a proof attempt fails.
Author : Melvin Fitting
Publisher : Springer
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2013-06-26
Category : Mathematics
ISBN : 1461275156
There are many kinds of books on formal logic. Some have philosophers as their intended audience, some mathematicians, some computer scien tists. Although there is a common core to all such books, they will be very different in emphasis, methods, and even appearance. This book is intended for computer scientists. But even this is not precise. Within computer science formal logic turns up in a number of areas, from pro gram verification to logic programming to artificial intelligence. This book is intended for computer scientists interested in automated theo rem proving in classical logic. To be more precise yet, it is essentially a theoretical treatment, not a how-to book, although how-to issues are not neglected. This does not mean, of course, that the book will be of no interest to philosophers or mathematicians. It does contain a thorough presentation of formal logic and many proof techniques, and as such it contains all the material one would expect to find in a course in formal logic covering completeness but, not incompleteness issues. The first item to be addressed is, What are we talking about and why are we interested in it? We are primarily talking about truth as used in mathematical discourse, and our interest in it is, or should be, self evident. Truth is a semantic concept, so we begin with models and their properties. These are used to define our subject.
Author : Donald W. Loveland
Publisher : North-Holland
Page : 432 pages
File Size : 47,9 Mb
Release : 1978
Category : Computers
ISBN : STANFORD:36105122125821
Automated Theorem Proving: A Logical Basis.
Author : Fouad Sabry
Publisher : One Billion Knowledgeable
Page : 144 pages
File Size : 51,5 Mb
Release : 2023-07-06
Category : Computers
ISBN : PKEY:6610000480302
What Is Automated Theorem Proving The process of proving mathematical theorems by the use of computer programs is referred to as automated theorem proving. This subfield of automated reasoning and mathematical logic was developed in the 1980s. A significant driving force behind the development of computer science was the application of automated reasoning to mathematical proof. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Automated theorem proving Chapter 2: Curry-Howard correspondence Chapter 3: Logic programming Chapter 4: Proof complexity Chapter 5: Metamath Chapter 6: Model checking Chapter 7: Formal verification Chapter 8: Program analysis Chapter 9: Ramanujan machine Chapter 10: General Problem Solver (II) Answering the public top questions about automated theorem proving. (III) Real world examples for the usage of automated theorem proving in many fields. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of automated theorem proving. What is Artificial Intelligence Series The artificial intelligence book series provides comprehensive coverage in over 200 topics. Each ebook covers a specific Artificial Intelligence topic in depth, written by experts in the field. The series aims to give readers a thorough understanding of the concepts, techniques, history and applications of artificial intelligence. Topics covered include machine learning, deep learning, neural networks, computer vision, natural language processing, robotics, ethics and more. The ebooks are written for professionals, students, and anyone interested in learning about the latest developments in this rapidly advancing field. The artificial intelligence book series provides an in-depth yet accessible exploration, from the fundamental concepts to the state-of-the-art research. With over 200 volumes, readers gain a thorough grounding in all aspects of Artificial Intelligence. The ebooks are designed to build knowledge systematically, with later volumes building on the foundations laid by earlier ones. This comprehensive series is an indispensable resource for anyone seeking to develop expertise in artificial intelligence.