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Author : Margaret Kaeter
Publisher : Infobase Publishing
Page : 177 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Armenia
ISBN : 9780816052684
Examines the three republics of the Transcaucasus - Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia.
Author : Charles River Editors
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 43,6 Mb
Release : 2019-12-03
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 1671173627
*Includes pictures *Includes a bibliography for further reading Today, Chechnya is a republic with some degree of autonomy in the contemporary Russian Federation. Its population is just over a million people, and it stretches over an area of 17,000 square kilometers. The majority of Chechnya's population is comprised of Sunni Muslims, meaning religion has played a key role in the territory's development. In southwestern Russia, landlocked within 100 kilometers of the Caspian Sea, Chechnya is north of the Caucasian mountains, bordering other North Caucasus provinces such as North Ossetia, and Dagestan, and Georgia. Russia itself is a well-established Slavic, Orthodox Christian country, though its majority Muslim provinces were not obvious to outsiders until the post-Soviet conflicts of the 1990s. The history of the Chechen people in the region is, nevertheless, long-established, and Chechnya has become synonymous with conflict, civil war, and discontent. While many people are aware of that, few understand how things reached that point. The area is complex and fascinating, representing one of the world's true fault lines in terms of religion, empire, and geography. Wedged in the North Caucasus mountain range and bordering the Caspian Sea, Dagestan is a true meeting point of cultures, religions and geopolitical rivalries. A crossroad between east and west, Dagestan has been vitally important at different times for various powers in Asia, Europe, and the Middle East, and even between different religious and ethnic groups. In spite of all that, and in large measure because of it, Dagestan's society is a composite of these rivalries over the centuries. Today, Dagestan is part of the Russian Federation, but its history happens to be both indicative and idiosyncratic of the region's fascinating and complex development. Dagestan shares many similarities with its smaller neighbor to the west, Chechnya, without receiving as much attention from outside historians and journalists. This is despite the fact Dagestan is home to around three million inhabitants with a range of languages, ethnicities and religions. Islam is the dominant religion at over 80% of the population, with the majority being Sunni Muslims, but the majority ethnic group, the Ayars, only make up about 30% of the population. Dagestan's capital city is little-known Makhachkala, and the rest of the country contains spectacular mountain ranges of over 12,000 feet in height, as well as lakes and major rivers like the Terek, Sulak and Samur. This geography has made Dagestan particularly difficult for outsiders to dominate, but the relationships with outside powers nevertheless provided the tensions that runs through the history of Dagestan. Having come into contact with the Persians, Ottomans, Russians, and even Western European states, Dagestan has both been a melting point and at times almost hermetically sealed to intruders for centuries, making it one of the world's true fault lines in terms of religion, empire, and geography. As a result, Dagestan has never truly been conquered despite its modern position within Russia. It has always retained some degree of autonomy while outsiders, not least the Russians, have treated the country with a certain level of wariness. Chechnya and Dagestan: The History of the North Caucasus Republics and Their Conflicts with Russia examines the history of one of the most controversial regions in the world. Along with pictures depicting important people, places, and events, you will learn about Chechnya and Dagestan like never before.
Author : Charlotte Hille
Publisher : BRILL
Page : 373 pages
File Size : 48,5 Mb
Release : 2010-04-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9789047441366
Taking history and culture of the Caucasus as starting point, state building and conflict resolution processes in the North and South Caucasus are analysed from an international legal and political perspective. Development of the rule of law is here central.
Author : Thomas de Waal
Publisher : Oxford University Press
Page : 320 pages
File Size : 44,5 Mb
Release : 2018-11-02
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190683115
This new edition of The Caucasus is a thorough update of an essential guide that has introduced thousands of readers to a complex region. Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia and the break-away territories that have tried to split away from them constitute one of the most diverse and challenging regions on earth, impressing the visitor with their multi-layered history and ethnic complexity. Over the last few years, the South Caucasus region has captured international attention again because of disputes between the West and Russia, its unresolved conflicts, and its role as an energy transport corridor to Europe. The Caucasus gives the reader a historical overview and an authoritative guide to the three conflicts that have blighted the region. Thomas de Waal tells the story of the "Five-Day War" between Georgia and Russia and recent political upheavals in all three countries. He also finds time to tell the reader about Georgian wine, Baku jazz and how the coast of Abkhazia was known as "Soviet Florida." Short, stimulating and rich in detail, The Caucasus is the perfect guide to this fascinating and little-understood region.
Author : Pavel Baev
Publisher : Chatham House (Formerly Riia)
Page : 78 pages
File Size : 40,5 Mb
Release : 1997
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015041300750
The Caucasus is one of the priority areas in Russian policy, and Russia's impact on developments there is in many cases decisive. Since 1990 Yeltsin's policy has been neither consistent nor really successful--Chechenia represents the most serious failure. The author examines the evolution of the main strands of Russian diplomatic, military and economic policy towards the three Caucasian states as well as towards the North Caucasian republics of the Russian Federation.
Author : Bruno Coppieters
Publisher : Chatham House (Formerly Riia)
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 54,5 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Caucasus
ISBN : UOM:39015053490127
This paper analyzes the relevance of federalism to the circumstances of conflict in the South Caucuses. It considers difficulties in implementing federative structures in the region and the consequences for political negotiations on the federalization of state structures. It also examines existing political models in other states to illustrate princiles and techniques of federalism and consider their application to the South Caucasus.
Author : Bruno Coppieters,Alekseĭ Zverev,Dmitriĭ Trenin
Publisher : Psychology Press
Page : 234 pages
File Size : 49,6 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : 0714644803
The demise of the Soviet Union in December 1991 was followed by various attempts to create new forms of integration for the new states of Eurasia. The authors analyse in detail how the national elites in the independent states have conceived their regional policies. Georgia failed to strengthen its sovereignty through integration into Western institutions. The material on the Caucasus, Central Asia, Ukraine and Russia show that unifying projects restricted to Eurasia, like the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) or the Caucasian Home, are highly contested among post-Soviet elites. Regional integration is commonly considered to have a positive content - as the creation of political stability or the development of economic links - but each integration project is encountering serious opposition. They are generally seen as a serious limitation to the newly acquired independence, without it necessarily being considered that they enhance regional stability. In this volume, cultural factors are also taken into account in explaining the difficulties of creating cohesive regional institutions.
Author : Frederik Coene
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 319 pages
File Size : 44,7 Mb
Release : 2009-10-16
Category : History
ISBN : 9781135203016
The Caucasus is one of the most complicated regions in the world: with many different peoples and political units, differing religious allegiances, and frequent conflicts, and where historically major world powers have clashed with each other. Until now there has been no single book for those wishing to learn about this complex region. This book fills the gap, providing a clear, comprehensive introduction to the Caucasus, which is suitable for all readers. It covers the geography; the historical development of the region; economics; politics and government; population; religion and society; culture and traditions; alongside its conflicts and international relations. Written throughout in an accessible style, it requires no prior knowledge of the Caucasus. The book will be invaluable for those researching specific issues, as well as for readers needing a thorough introduction to the region.
Author : Uwe Halbach,Manarsha Isaeva
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 0 pages
File Size : 47,5 Mb
Release : 2015
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1073371339
Since 2014 the Ukraine conflict has overshadowed Russia's North Caucasus issues, both within the country and abroad. Yet on its Caucasian margins, the Russian state continues to find itself confronted with challenges that affect its internal security and stability as a multi-ethnic state. Dagestan, the largest of the Caucasian republics, has become a flashpoint between security forces and the armed insurgency during the past five years, while changes in Islamist leadership have made it the ideological and logistical centre of North Caucasian jihadism; in this respect it has in fact overtaken Chechnya. What impact did the Chechen wars have on neighbouring Dagestan? How has the religious “rebirth" since the end of the Soviet Union proceeded in this part of Russia, where Islam is more deeply rooted than anywhere elsewhere in the Federation? How does Dagestan's great ethnic diversity affect its political and social life? This study addresses these questions, exploring the problems that make Dagestan stand out as Russia's most troublesome republic. (SWP Research Paper)
Author : Harun Yilmaz
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 241 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 2015-02-20
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781317596646
Under Stalin’s totalitarian leadership of the USSR, Soviet national identities with historical narratives were constructed. These constructions envisaged how nationalities should see their imaginary common past, and millions of people defined themselves according to them. This book explains how and by whom these national histories were constructed and focuses on the crucial episode in the construction of national identities of Ukraine, Azerbaijan and Kazakhstan from 1936 and 1945. A unique comparative study of three different case studies, this book reveals different aims and methods of nation construction, despite the existence of one-party rule and a single overarching official ideology. The study is based on work in the often overlooked archives in the Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Kazakhstan. By looking at different examples within the Soviet context, the author contributes to and often challenges current scholarship on Soviet nationality policies and Stalinist nation-building projects. He also brings a new viewpoint to the debate on whether the Soviet period was a project of developmentalist modernization or merely a renewed ‘Russian empire’. The book concludes that the local agents in the countries concerned had a sincere belief in socialism—especially as a project of modernism and development—and, at the same time, were strongly attached to their national identities. Claiming that local communist party officials and historians played a leading role in the construction of national narratives, this book will be of interest to historians and political scientists interested in the history of the Soviet Union and contemporary Eastern Europe, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
Author : Adrian Brisku,Timothy K. Blauvelt
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 157 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 2021-03-31
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9781000372717
The Transcaucasian Democratic Federative Republic (TDFR) was a unique, bottom-up, and a fleeting display of political unity and federalism among the main Armenian, Azerbaijani and Georgian political factions between 22 April 1918, when it declared its independence, and 26 May 1918, when it was dissolved and replaced by the three nation-states of Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia. Focusing on a crucial but poorly understood moment in the modern history of the Caucasus at the end of the First World War, this book offers a systematic, contextually-rich, and multi-perspectival—Armenian, Azerbaijani, Georgian, Ottoman, German, British, American, Italian, Bolshevik, Ukrainian and North Caucasian—account of the TDFR, drawing on contributions (with the new material from archives in Tbilisi, Grozny, Yerevan, Baku, Istanbul, Berlin, London, Washington D.C.) by a new generation of historians and scholars working on the region. The book argues that despite its month-long existence in this geopolitically volatile region, the TDFR, with and its federative nature and the various discussions about federalism and federation that it provoked, continued to have an appeal for Georgians, Azerbaijanis, Armenians as well as for the Great Powers well beyond its dissolution. Moreover, the experience of the TDFR reifies federalism as a key political concept in the modern history of the Caucasus. The chapters in this book were originally published as a special issue of the Caucasus Survey.
Author : Ole Høiris,Sefa Martin Yürükel
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 504 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : History
ISBN : UOM:39015047564052
This survey by scholars, experts and politicians with knowledge of, and influence in, the Caucasus region reflects its many conflicting ethnic groups and nations. An introductory section deals with the entire region from the historical perspective, drawing special attention to its geographical importance and relations with the former Soviet Union and the present Russian Federation. Subsequent essays analyse the ethnic and national problems in North Caucasus, Transcaucasus, Abkhazia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Crimea, Nagorno-Karabakh and Chechenia. The concluding articles discuss the Turkish influence on Caucasian conflicts.
Author : Bayram Balci
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 260 pages
File Size : 48,9 Mb
Release : 2018-11-15
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780190917272
With the end of the Soviet Union in 1991, a major turning point in all former Soviet republics, Central Asian and Caucasian countries began to reflect on their history and identities. As a consequence of their opening up to the global exchange of ideas, various strains of Islam and trends in Islamic thought have nourished the Islamic revival that had already started in the context of glasnost and perestroika--from Turkey, Iran, the Arabian Peninsula, and from the Indian subcontinent; the four regions with strong ties to Central Asian and Caucasian Islam in the years before Soviet occupation. Bayram Balci seeks to analyse how these new Islamic influences have reached local societies and how they have interacted with pre-existing religious belief and practice. Combining exceptional erudition with rare first-hand research, Balci's book provides a sophisticated account of both the internal dynamics and external influences in the evolution of Islam in the region.
Author : Arsène Saparov
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 253 pages
File Size : 50,7 Mb
Release : 2014-08-27
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317637837
This book is the first historical work to study the creation of ethnic autonomies in the Caucasus in the 1920s – the transitional period from Russian Empire to Soviet Union. Seventy years later these ethnic autonomies were to become the loci of violent ethno-political conflicts which have consistently been blamed on the policies of the Bolsheviks and Stalin. According to this view, the Soviet leadership deliberately set up ethnic autonomies within the republics, thereby giving Moscow unprecedented leverage against each republic. From Conflict to Autonomy in the Caucasus questions this assumption by examining three case studies: Abkhazia, South Ossetia and Nagorno Karabakh are placed within the larger socio-political context of transformations taking place in this borderland region during the nineteenth and twentieth centuries. It examines demographic, social and economic consequences of the Russian colonization and resulting replacement of traditional societies and identities with modern ones. Based on original Russian language sources and archival materials, the book brings together two periods that are usually studied separately – the period of the Russian Civil War 1917–20 and the early Soviet period – in order to understand the roots of the Bolshevik decision-making policy when granting autonomies. It argues that rather than being the product of blatant political manipulation this was an attempt at conflict resolution. The institution of political autonomy, however, became a powerful tool for national mobilization during the Soviet era. Contributing both to the general understanding of the early Soviet nationality policy and to our understanding of the conflicts that have engulfed the Caucasus region since the 1990s, this book will be of interest to scholars of Central Asian studies, Russian/Soviet history, ethnic conflict, security studies and International Relations.
Author : Jamil Hasanli
Publisher : Routledge
Page : 446 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 2015-12-16
Category : Social Science
ISBN : 9781317366171
As revolution swept over Russia and empires collapsed in the final days of World War I, Azerbaijan and neighbouring Georgia and Armenia proclaimed their independence in May 1918. During the ensuing two years of struggle for independence, military endgames, and treaty negotiations, the diplomatic representatives of Azerbaijan struggled to gain international recognition and favourable resolution of the territorial sovereignty of the country. This brief but eventful episode came to an end when the Red Army entered Baku in late April 1920. Drawing on archival documents from Azerbaijan, Turkey, Russia, United States, France, and Great Britain, the accomplished historian, Jamil Hasanli, has produced a comprehensive and meticulously documented account of this little-known period. He narrates the tumultuous path of the short-lived Azerbaijani state toward winning international recognition and reconstructs a vivid image of the Azeri political elite’s quest for nationhood after the collapse of the Russian colonial system, with a particular focus on the liberation of Baku from Bolshevik factions, relations with regional neighbours, and the arduous road to recognition of Azerbaijan’s independence by the Paris Peace Conference. Providing a valuable insight into the past of the South Caucasus region and the dynamics of the post-World War I era, this book will be an essential addition to scholars and students of Central Asian Studies and the Caucasus, History, Foreign Policy and Political Studies.