The Chemistry Of Evolution

Author : R.J.P Williams,J.J.R Fraústo da Silva
Publisher : Elsevier
Page : 494 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2005-11-29
Category : Science
ISBN : 0080460526

Get Book

The Chemistry of Evolution by R.J.P Williams,J.J.R Fraústo da Silva Pdf

Conventionally, evolution has always been described in terms of species. The Chemistry of Evolution takes a novel, not to say revolutionary, approach and examines the evolution of chemicals and the use and degradation of energy, coupled to the environment, as the drive behind it. The authors address the major changes of life from bacteria to man in a systematic and unavoidable sequence, reclassifying organisms as chemotypes. Written by the authors of the bestseller The Biological Chemistry of the Elements - The Inorganic Chemistry of Life (Oxford University Press, 1991), the clarity and precision of The Chemistry of Evolution plainly demonstrate that life is totally interactive with the environment. This exciting theory makes this work an essential addition to the academic and public library. * Provides a novel analysis of evolution in chemical terms * Stresses Systems Biology * Examines the connection between life and the environment, starting with the ‘big bang' theory * Reorientates the chemistry of life by emphasising the need to analyse the functions of 20 chemical elements in all organisms

Author : Stephen Finney Mason
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 344 pages
File Size : 43,9 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Language Arts & Disciplines
ISBN : UOM:39015025154264

Get Book

Chemical Evolution by Stephen Finney Mason Pdf

This fascinating survey takes chemistry as the central science of all materials at the molecular level, and brings together both organic and inorganic aspects in a clear account of the development of ideas of chemical evolution.

Author : Bernd Markert,Stefan Fränzle,Simone Wünschmann
Publisher : Springer
Page : 282 pages
File Size : 44,8 Mb
Release : 2015-02-19
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783319143552

Get Book

Chemical Evolution by Bernd Markert,Stefan Fränzle,Simone Wünschmann Pdf

This book is written for researchers and students interested in the function and role of chemical elements in biological or environmental systems. Experts have long known that the Periodic System of Elements (PSE) provides only an inadequate chemical description of elements of biological, environmental or medicinal importance. This book explores the notion of a Biological System of the Elements (BSE) established on accurate and precise multi-element data, including evolutionary aspects, representative sampling procedures, inter-element relationships, the physiological function of elements and uptake mechanisms. The book further explores the concept Stoichiometric Network Analysis (SNA) to analyze the biological roles of chemical species. Also discussed is the idea of ecotoxicological identity cards which give a first-hand description of properties relevant for biological and toxicological features of a certain chemical element and its geo biochemically plausible speciation form. The focus of this book goes beyond both classical bioinorganic chemistry and toxicology.

Author : Horst Rauchfuss
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 354 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2008-10-15
Category : Nature
ISBN : 9783540788232

Get Book

Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life by Horst Rauchfuss Pdf

How did life begin on the early Earth? We know that life today is driven by the universal laws of chemistry and physics. By applying these laws over the past ?fty years, en- mous progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms that are the foundations of the living state. For instance, just a decade ago, the ?rst human genome was published, all three billion base pairs. Using X-ray diffraction data from crystals, we can see how an enzyme molecule or a photosynthetic reaction center steps through its catalytic function. We can even visualize a ribosome, central to all life, translate - netic information into a protein. And we are just beginning to understand how molecular interactions regulate thousands of simultaneous reactions that continuously occur even in the simplest forms of life. New words have appeared that give a sense of this wealth of knowledge: The genome, the proteome, the metabolome, the interactome. But we can’t be too smug. We must avoid the mistake of the physicist who, as the twentieth century began, stated con?dently that we knew all there was to know about physics, that science just needed to clean up a few dusty corners. Then came relativity, quantum theory, the Big Bang, and now dark matter, dark energy and string theory. Similarly in the life sciences, the more we learn, the better we understand how little we really know. There remains a vast landscape to explore, with great questions remaining.

Author : Francesca Matteucci
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 237 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2012-01-05
Category : Science
ISBN : 9783642224911

Get Book

Chemical Evolution of Galaxies by Francesca Matteucci Pdf

The term “chemical evolution of galaxies” refers to the evolution of abundances of chemical species in galaxies, which is due to nuclear processes occurring in stars and to gas flows into and out of galaxies. This book deals with the chemical evolution of galaxies of all morphological types (ellipticals, spirals and irregulars) and stresses the importance of the star formation histories in determining the properties of stellar populations in different galaxies. The topic is approached in a didactical and logical manner via galaxy evolution models which are compared with observational results obtained in the last two decades: The reader is given an introduction to the concept of chemical abundances and learns about the main stellar populations in our Galaxy as well as about the classification of galaxy types and their main observables. In the core of the book, the construction and solution of chemical evolution models are discussed in detail, followed by descriptions and interpretations of observations of the chemical evolution of the Milky Way, spheroidal galaxies, irregular galaxies and of cosmic chemical evolution. The aim of this book is to provide an introduction to students as well as to amend our present ideas in research; the book also summarizes the efforts made by authors in the past several years in order to further future research in the field.

Author : Enrique Macia-Barber
Publisher : CRC Press
Page : 402 pages
File Size : 42,7 Mb
Release : 2019-11-21
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780429555688

Get Book

The Chemical Evolution of Phosphorus by Enrique Macia-Barber Pdf

Here is a fascinating reader-friendly exploration of “the phosphorus enigma.” The volume attempts to answer the questions: How did phosphorus atoms, which are produced inside the inner cores of a handful of huge stars, become concentrated in relatively high proportions in the organisms composing Earth’s biosphere? And how did these phosphate derivatives manage to be included in such a great variety of organic molecules playing essential biochemical roles in all known life forms? Due to the interdisciplinary nature of the topic, the volume is arranged in three sections. The first section introduces the fundamental concepts and notions of physics, chemistry, and biology necessary for the proper understanding of the topics discussed within an astronomical framework. The author then focuses on the role of phosphorus and its compounds within the context of chemical evolution in galaxies, considering its relevance in most essential biochemical functions as well as its peculiar chemistry under different physicochemical conditions. The third section provides an overall perspective on the role of phosphorus and its compounds in current areas of research of solid state physics, materials engineering, nanotechnology or medicine.

Author : Lori Zaikowski,Jon M. Friedrich,American Chemical Society. Meeting
Publisher : Amer Chemical Society
Page : 430 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2007
Category : Science
ISBN : 0841274312

Get Book

Chemical Evolution Across Space & Time by Lori Zaikowski,Jon M. Friedrich,American Chemical Society. Meeting Pdf

The concept of evolutionary change is a fundamental thread linking the sciences. An evolutionary perspective can provide one framework for unifying and advancing the sciences, and chemistry has made important contributions to our understanding of evolution. Chemists today use principles of evolution and take lessons from chemistry in nature to advance modern chemistry in areas such as agriculture, energy, new materials, and pharmaceuticals. The book explores the evolutionary nature of chemistry and the scientific evidence that supports it, and is a source of ideas for integrating these concepts in chemistry courses. The publication will be of interest to chemists, instructors and students of chemistry, and all others with an interest in the evolution of the universe in which we live. This volume continues the theme of Chemical Change Across Space and Time: From the Big Bang to Prebiotic Chemistry. This second volume begins with origins of life and culminates with applications of the concept of chemical evolution in modern society.

Author : J. Mayo Greenberg,C.X. Mendoza-Gómez,Valerio Pirronello
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 429 pages
File Size : 55,7 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789401119368

Get Book

The Chemistry of Life’s Origins by J. Mayo Greenberg,C.X. Mendoza-Gómez,Valerio Pirronello Pdf

This volume contains the lectures presented at the second course of the International School of Space Chemistry held in Erice (Sicily) from October 20 - 30 1991 at the "E. Majorana Centre for Scientific Culture". The course was attended by 58 participants from 13 countries. The Chemistry of Life's Origins is well recognized as one of the most critical subjects of modem chemistry. Much progress has been made since the amazingly perceptive contributions by Oparin some 70 years ago when he first outlined a possible series of steps starting from simple molecules to basic building blocks and ultimate assembly into simple organisms capable of replicating, catalysis and evolution to higher organisms. The pioneering experiments of Stanley Miller demonstrated already forty years ago how easy it could have been to form the amino acids which are critical to living organisms. However we have since learned and are still learning a great deal more about the primitive conditions on earth which has led us to a rethinking of where and how the condition for prebiotic chemical processes occurred. We have also learned a great deal more about the molecular basis for life. For instance, the existence of DNA was just discovered forty years ago.

Author : Julian Chela-Flores,François Raulin
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 398 pages
File Size : 49,5 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9789400917125

Get Book

Chemical Evolution: Physics of the Origin and Evolution of Life by Julian Chela-Flores,François Raulin Pdf

Leading researchers in the area of the origin and evolution of life in the universe contributed to Chemical Evolution: Physics of the Origin and Evolution of Life. This volume provides a review of this interdisciplinary field. In 35 chapters many aspects of the origin of life are discussed by 90 authors, with particular emphasis on the early paleontological record: physical, chemical, biological, and informational aspects of life's origin, instrumentation in exobiology and system exploration; the search for habitable planets and extraterrestrial intelligent radio signals. This book contains the proceedings of the Fourth Trieste Conference on Chemical Evolution that took place in September 1995, in which scientists from a wide geographical distribution joined in a Memorial to Cyril Ponnamperuma, who was a pioneer in the field of chemical evolution, the origin of life, and exobiology, and also initiated the Trieste Conferences on Chemical Evolution and the Origin of Life. This fourth Conference was therefore dedicated to his memory. Audience: Graduate students and researchers in the many areas of basic, earth, and life sciences that contribute to the study of chemical evolution and the origin of life.

Author : Cesar Menor-Salvan
Publisher : Springer
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 41,8 Mb
Release : 2019-08-23
Category : Electronic
ISBN : 3030066886

Get Book

Prebiotic Chemistry and Chemical Evolution of Nucleic Acids by Cesar Menor-Salvan Pdf

The origin of life is one of the biggest unsolved scientific questions. This book deals with the formation and first steps of the chemical evolution of nucleic acids, including the chemical roots behind the origin of their components from the simplest sources in a geochemical context. Chemical evolution encompasses the chemical processes and interactions conducive to self-assembly and supramolecular organization, leading to an increase of complexity and the emergence of life. The book starts with a personal account of the pioneering work of Stanley Miller and Jeffrey Bada on the Chemistry of Origins of Life and how the development of organic chemistry beginning in the 19th century led to the emergence of the field of prebiotic chemistry, situated at the frontier between organic, geo- and biochemistry. It then continues reviewing in tutorial manner current central topics regarding the organization of nucleic acids: the origin of nucleobases and nucleosides, their phosphorylation and polymerization and ultimately, their self-assembly and supramolecular organization at the inception of life.

Author : K. Dose
Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
Page : 459 pages
File Size : 51,9 Mb
Release : 2012-12-06
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781468421156

Get Book

The Origin of Life and Evolutionary Biochemistry by K. Dose Pdf

Historical Introduction: A.I. Oparin and the Origin of Life.- Chapters in Honor of "Proiskhozhdenie Zhizni" and A. I, Oparin.- Protein Structure and the Molecular Evolution of Biological Energy Conversion.- Condensation Reactions of Lysine in the Presence of Polyadenylic Acid.- Considerations of the Origin of Spontaneous Mutations.- Pre-Enzymic Emergence of Biochemical Metabolism.- The Methods of Science and the Origins of Life.- Phospholipid Monolayers-As a Prototype of Biological Membranes.- Peptides and Amino Acids in the Primordial Hydrosphere.- Amino Acids and Carbohydrates in Precambria.

Author : National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 161 pages
File Size : 46,5 Mb
Release : 1990-02-01
Category : Science
ISBN : 9780309042468

Get Book

The Search for Life's Origins by National Research Council,Division on Engineering and Physical Sciences,Space Studies Board,Committee on Planetary Biology and Chemical Evolution Pdf

The field of planetary biology and chemical evolution draws together experts in astronomy, paleobiology, biochemistry, and space science who work together to understand the evolution of living systems. This field has made exciting discoveries that shed light on how organic compounds came together to form self-replicating molecules-the origin of life. This volume updates that progress and offers recommendations on research programs-including an ambitious effort centered on Mars-to advance the field over the next 10 to 15 years. The book presents a wide range of data and research results on these and other issues: The biogenic elements and their interaction in the interstellar clouds and in solar nebulae. Early planetary environments and the conditions that lead to the origin of life. The evolution of cellular and multicellular life. The search for life outside the solar system. This volume will become required reading for anyone involved in the search for life's beginnings-including exobiologists, geoscientists, planetary scientists, and U.S. space and science policymakers.

Author : Melvin Calvin
Publisher : Clarendon Press
Page : 308 pages
File Size : 48,7 Mb
Release : 1969
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B3763716

Get Book

Chemical Evolution by Melvin Calvin Pdf

Author : Stephen Finney Mason
Publisher : Oxford University Press, USA
Page : 346 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Molecular evolution
ISBN : UCSD:31822005682331

Get Book

Chemical Evolution by Stephen Finney Mason Pdf

This remarkable new book is for everyone interested in the origin and evolution of the universe. It relates the history of chemicals, from the earliest generation of the light elements in the Big Bang, to their transformation into heavier atoms and their subsequent molecular evolution into myriad forms, including life on Earth. Spanning both organic and inorganic chemical combinations, the survey thus covers billions of years and involves evidence coming from the analysis of long-extinct as well as ongoing processes. The techniques used in this fascinating study are also described. They include the analysis of many sources: isotopes from ancient nuclear reactions and still-active radionuclides; molecules from space--frozen in meteorites or continuously generated in vast interstellar clouds; and the detritus of volcanic and geochemical activity. This is also the story of the origin of life, which can be biochemically detected through the modern descendants of early microbial life-forms and from laboratory experiments in prebiotic chemistry. The author also describes the history of ideas in the study of chemistry and the development of modern theories on chemical evolution. This is a highly readable account of central issues and ideas in modern science that will be read with absorbing interest by a wide range of students, researchers, and general readers.

Author : Robert Joseph Paton Williams,Rosalind E. M. Rickaby
Publisher : Royal Society of Chemistry
Page : 343 pages
File Size : 48,6 Mb
Release : 2012
Category : Science
ISBN : 9781849735582

Get Book

Evolution's Destiny by Robert Joseph Paton Williams,Rosalind E. M. Rickaby Pdf

This book demonstrates that biology and geochemistry have continually influenced each other in the co-evolution of the Earth and all life.