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Author : Oliver A. Houck
Publisher : Environmental Law Institute
Page : 378 pages
File Size : 52,9 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Water
ISBN : 1585760382
The definitive guide to all there is to know about the TMDL requirements of clean water legislation.
Author : Claudia Copeland
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 128 pages
File Size : 52,6 Mb
Release : 2014
Category : Electronic
ISBN : OCLC:1053482127
This report discusses the total maximum daily load (TMDL) program which regulates pollutants to ensure that water quality standards can be attained; section 303(d) of the Clean Water Act requires states to identify waters that are impaired by pollution, even after application of pollution controls. The report focuses on new challenges facing the TMDL program, including more complex TMDLs, larger scale impairments, and nonpoint sources.
Author : Claudia Copeland
Publisher : Nova Biomedical Books
Page : 176 pages
File Size : 42,8 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Law
ISBN : UOM:39015057659602
The Clean Water Act (CWA) requires states to identify waters that are impaired by pollution, even after application of pollution controls. For these waters, states must establish a total maximum daily load (TMDL) of pollutants to ensure that water quality standards can be attained. Implementation was dormant until states and the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) were prodded by numerous lawsuits. The TMDL program has become controversial, in part because of requirements and costs now facing states to implement this 30-year old provision of the law. In 1999, EPA proposed regulatory changes to strengthen the TMDL program. Industries, cities farmers and others may be required to use new pollution controls to meet TMDL requirements. EPA's proposal was widely criticised and congressional interest has been high. This book explores the lingering dispute between states and industry groups, beginning from the Clinton administration and stretching all the way to the present. However, Congress recognised in the Act that, in many cases, pollution controls implemented by industry and cities would be insufficient, due to pollutant contributions from other unregulated sources.
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 60 pages
File Size : 50,8 Mb
Release : 2002
Category : Water
ISBN : UCR:31210025684349
Author : Anonim
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 51 pages
File Size : 41,9 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Water
ISBN : 9781428901001
Author : Anonim
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 72 pages
File Size : 40,8 Mb
Release : 1991
Category : Water
ISBN : ERDC:35925003145122
Author : Federal Advisory Committee on the Total Maximum Daily Load Program (U.S.)
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 140 pages
File Size : 47,7 Mb
Release : 1998
Category : Freshwater ecology
ISBN : UCR:31210024719773
Author : Jennifer Ruffolo
Publisher : DIANE Publishing
Page : 59 pages
File Size : 52,5 Mb
Release : 1999
Category : Water
ISBN : 9780788186691
TMDLs (Total Maximum Daily Loading) define how much of a pollutant a water body can tolerate on a daily basis & still meet the relevant water quality standards. All of the sources of the pollutant in the watershed combined, including non-point sources, are limited to discharging no more than that total limit. EPA is suing states to force them to produce TMDLs. A growing number of California's water bodies are either subject to consent decrees to develop TMDLs, or are the subject of notices of intent to file lawsuits that may have that outcome. This report addresses California's many problems in establishing TMDLs for its impaired water bodies.
Author : National Research Council,Division on Earth and Life Studies,Water Science and Technology Board,Committee to Assess the Scientific Basis of the Total Maximum Daily Load Approach to Water Pollution Reduction
Publisher : National Academies Press
Page : 242 pages
File Size : 49,8 Mb
Release : 2001-08-24
Category : Political Science
ISBN : 9780309075794
Over the last 30 years, water quality management in the United States has been driven by the control of point sources of pollution and the use of effluent-based water quality standards. Under this paradigm, the quality of the nation's lakes, rivers, reservoirs, groundwater, and coastal waters has generally improved as wastewater treatment plants and industrial dischargers (point sources) have responded to regulations promulgated under authority of the 1972 Clean Water Act. These regulations have required dischargers to comply with effluent-based standards for criteria pollutants, as specified in National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits issued by the states and approved by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Although successful, the NPDES program has not achieved the nation's water quality goals of "fishable and swimmable" waters largely because discharges from other unregulated nonpoint sources of pollution have not been as successfully controlled. Today, pollutants such as nutrients and sediment, which are often associated with nonpoint sources and were not considered criteria pollutants in the Clean Water Act, are jeopardizing water quality, as are habitat destruction, changes in flow regimes, and introduction of exotic species. This array of challenges has shifted the focus of water quality management from effluent-based to ambient- based water quality standards. Given the most recent lists of impaired waters submitted to EPA, there are about 21,000 polluted river segments, lakes, and estuaries making up over 300,000 river and shore miles and 5 million lake acres. The number of TMDLs required for these impaired waters is greater than 40,000. Under the 1992 EPA guidance or the terms of lawsuit settlements, most states are required to meet an 8- to 13-year deadline for completion of TMDLs. Budget requirements for the program are staggering as well, with most states claiming that they do not have the personnel and financial resources necessary to assess the condition of their waters, to list waters on 303d, and to develop TMDLs. A March 2000 report of the General Accounting Office (GAO) highlighted the pervasive lack of data at the state level available to set water quality standards, to determine what waters are impaired, and to develop TMDLs. This report represents the consensus opinion of the eight-member NRC committee assembled to complete this task. The committee met three times during a three-month period and heard the testimony of over 40 interested organizations and stakeholder groups. The NRC committee feels that the data and science have progressed sufficiently over the past 35 years to support the nation's return to ambient-based water quality management. Given reasonable expectations for data availability and the inevitable limits on our conceptual understanding of complex systems, statements about the science behind water quality management must be made with acknowledgment of uncertainties. This report explains that there are creative ways to accommodate this uncertainty while moving forward in addressing the nation's water quality challenges.
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife, and Water
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 606 pages
File Size : 46,8 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Law
ISBN : UCAL:B5139014
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Oversight, Investigations, and Emergency Management
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 98 pages
File Size : 44,6 Mb
Release : 2000
Category : Law
ISBN : LOC:00076220566
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 104 pages
File Size : 53,6 Mb
Release : 2004
Category : Law
ISBN : LOC:00136481356
Author : P. L. Freedman,Wm Larson,Dw Dilks
Publisher : International Water Assn
Page : 372 pages
File Size : 49,7 Mb
Release : 2003
Category : Science
ISBN : 1843396742
The objective of this research was to review the e
Author : United States. Congress. House. Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure. Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 48 pages
File Size : 50,6 Mb
Release : 2001
Category : Science
ISBN : LOC:00097903591
Author : United States. Congress. Senate. Committee on Environment and Public Works. Subcommittee on Fisheries, Wildlife, and Water
Publisher : Unknown
Page : 254 pages
File Size : 41,7 Mb
Release : 2005
Category : Science
ISBN : UCAL:B5139312
